Tun fil azal, hajji a wurare masu tsarki ya zama sananne ga addinai da yawa. Waɗannan hanyoyin hanyoyin suna da ma'anar ruhaniya da kuma kusanci ga allahntakar. Dangane da addinin kirista kuwa, manyan cibiyoyin aikin hajji sune Rome (Italia), Jerusalem (Israel) da Santiago de Compostela (Spain).
Ko dai saboda alƙawari, saboda Bangaskiya ko saboda ƙalubalen da aka saita don cin nasara shi kaɗai ko a cikin tarayya, kowace shekara dubunnan mutane sun yi doguwar tafiya a ƙafa zuwa Santiago de Compostela, wurin da aka binne Manzo Santiago. Amma wanene wannan muhimmin mutum a tarihin Spain kuma menene asalin Camino de Santiago?
Wanene Manzo James?
A cewar al'adar baka, Yakubu (ɗaya daga cikin manzannin Kristi) ya sauka a Roman Baetica don yin wa’azi a wannan yankin. Bayan ya yi doguwar tafiya ta yankin Tsibirin Iberiya, ya dawo Urushalima kuma a shekara ta 44 an sare kansa da takobi. Almajiransa suka tattara gawarsa suka aika shi zuwa yankin Roman Hispania. Jirgin ya isa gabar tekun Galiya kuma an dauke gawar zuwa wurin da babban cocin Compostela yake a halin yanzu don a binne shi.
A cikin 1630, Paparoma Urban VIII ya zartar da hakan a hukumance Manzo Santiago el Mayor ya kasance ɗayan Majiɓincin al'ummar Spain. Marubucin dan kasar Sipaniya Francisco de Quevedo ya tafi har ya tabbatar da cewa "Allah ya sanya Santiago, Majiɓincin Spain, wanda babu shi a lokacin, don haka idan ranar tazo zai yi mata addu'a kuma ya sake dawo da ita da koyarwarsa kuma da takobinsa. ".
Yayi a cikin karni na XNUMX lokacin da aka ba da labarin gano kabarin Santiago Apóstol a Yammacin duniya a Santiago de Compostela. Tun daga wannan lokacin, jigilar mahajjata ba ta daina tsayawa ba, kodayake hanyar Jacobean ta sami lokutan mafi girma da ƙarancin ɗaukaka.
Tun ƙarnuka da yawa an gina gidajen bautar ibada da majami'u a kan hanya kuma mutane daga kowane sasan Turai sun zo Santiago de Compostela don ganin kabarin Manzo Mai Tsarki. Ranar Camino de Santiago ta ci gaba har zuwa karni na XNUMX (lokacin da Gyara Furotesta da yaƙe-yaƙe na addini ya sa yawan mahajjata suka ragu) kuma suka faɗi ƙasa a ƙarni na XNUMX. Koyaya, A ƙarshen karni na XNUMX ya shiga cikin mahimmin lokaci na murmurewa saboda motsawar ƙungiyoyi daban-daban farar hula da addini. Don haka, an ƙirƙiri hanyoyi da yawa waɗanda daga ko'ina cikin Spain suka haɗu a cikin Galicia.
Hanyoyi na Camino de Santiago
Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don yin Camino de Santiago. Mafi mahimmanci sune: Faransanci, Aragonese, Fotigal, arewa, dadadden, Ingilishi, Salvadorian, Basque, Boyana, Baztan, Madrid, Catalan, Ebro, Levante, kudu maso gabas, ulu, azurfa, Sanabrés, Cádiz, Mozarabic da Fisterra.
Da zarar an yanke shawarar yin wannan doguwar tafiya zuwa Santiago de Compostela Ya rage a zabi tsakanin yin Camino de Santiago da kanku ko a cikin tsari tare da hukumar yawon bude ido. Duk hanyoyi guda biyu suna da fa'idodi da rashin fa'idarsu, amma dangane da tsammanin da dalilan tafiyar, hanya ɗaya ko wata hanyar zuwa wannan garin na Galician zai zama mafi ban sha'awa.
Nasihu don yin Camino de Santiago
Kafin tafiya
Mafi shawara don tsira tsawon kwanakin tafiya shine horar da makonni kafin tafiya (idan zai yiwu tare da jaka a bayanku) don samun ƙarfi da juriya ta jiki. Kodayake waɗannan za su yi tsayi da tsawo, amma kuma za a yi ƙoƙari gwargwadon yanayin lafiyar kowane mahajjaci. Ba abu mai kyau ka cutar da kanka ba kafin fara tafiya.
Lokacin yin jaka don tafiya Camino de Santiago dole ne mu tuna cewa kada ya wuce kilo 10. Zai fi kyau a sanya abu mafi nauyi a ƙasan kuma kusan yadda zai yiwu zuwa baya don motsawa cikin kwanciyar hankali. Zai zama mahimmanci don tafiya tare da jakar bacci, tufafi, takalma masu kyau, hular hat, ƙaramin kayan agaji na farko da ɗan abinci da abin sha. Ba za mu iya mantawa da kawo wayar hannu ba, fitilar hannu, taswira, maaikata da kuma sikeli da ke nuna mu a matsayin mahajjata.
Idan ana tafiya zuwa Camino de Santiago ta keke, zai zama wajibi a ɗauke da daidaitaccen nauyi domin ƙwallon ƙafa ya kasance mai sauƙi yadda ya kamata. Bringauko wasu jakunkuna ko rake a baya, kushin kafada uku-uku don sanyawa a ƙarƙashin sandar zama da kayan aikin adanawa da jaka don sanyawa a kan maɓallin keɓaɓɓen kayan aiki da hanyoyin adana ko hanyoyin hanyar can.
Ba abu mai kyau ba don ɗaukar kuɗi da yawa kuma yana da kyau a yi amfani da katunan kuɗi. A cikin lamuran gaggawa, dole ne mu sanar da wani danginmu ko abokinmu game da hanyar da za mu bi kuma mu sanya lambobin tarho na Ofishin Bayanai don abin da zai iya faruwa.
Kari akan haka, kafin fara tafiyar yana da sauki don yin tsarin matakan da za'a aiwatar. Yawancin gogaggen mahajjata suna ba da shawarar yin kilomita 25 ko 30 a rana kuma ka huta kwana daya kowace kwana bakwai.
A lokacin Camino de Santiago
Tabbas da yawa daga cikinku zasuyi mamakin menene mafi kyawun lokacin don yin Camino de Santiago. Kashi 90% na mahajjata sun zabi tafiya daga Mayu zuwa Satumba saboda a lokacin hunturu hazo yana da tsananin gaske a arewacin Spain kuma a lokacin rani zafi yana taƙama a ko'ina cikin ƙasar.
Karshen tafiya
A ƙarshen tafiya zaku iya samun "La Compostela", takardar shaidar da Cocin ta bayar da kuma tabbatar da cewa an kammala Camino de Santiago. Don samun hakan, zai zama dole a ɗauki "izinin mahajjata" wanda dole ne a buga masa lamba sau biyu a rana a cikin masaukai, majami'u, sanduna ko shaguna a kan hanya.
Wannan izini an bayar da shi ne ta hanyar shugabannin cocin kowane gari na Sifen, zauren gari ko ofisoshin 'yan sanda na birane da garuruwa waɗanda suke wani ɓangare na Camino de Santiago.
Don samun "La Compostela" dole ne ku tabbatar da cewa kun yi tafiyar kilomita 100 na ƙarshe na ƙafa a ƙafa ko kilomita 200 ta keke. Ana tattara wannan a Ofishin Mahajjata kusa da Plaza de Praterías, 'yan mituna kaɗan daga babban cocin.
babban cocin Santiago na Compostela
Cathedral na Santiago de Compostela shine fitaccen aikin fasaha na Romanesque a Spain. Har ila yau, shine burin karshe na Camino de Santiago wanda tsawon ƙarnika suka jagoranci mahajjata daga Kiristendam zuwa kabarin Santiago Apóstol. Kamar dai wannan bai isa ba, na wannan babban cocin shine dutse na buɗewa don gina Santiago de Compostela, babban birni wanda aka haife shi a matsayin Birni Mai Tsarki da kuma Gidan Tarihin Duniya.
Babban abin da ya gabata na babban cocin shine karamin mausoleum na Roman daga ƙarni na XNUMX wanda a ciki aka binne gawar Manzo James bayan fille kansa a Falasdinu (AD 44). Dole ne a fara ginin babban Cathedral na Santiago de Compostela a kusan shekara ta 1075, wanda Bishop Diego Peláez ya inganta kuma Maestro Esteban ya jagoranta.
Kuna iya faɗi hakan mafi yawan Cathedral an gina shi ne a wajajen 1122. Harshen baroque na karni na XNUMX a waje ya gurbata asalin Romanesque. An maye gurbin façade na Azabachería kuma an rufe babban façade na yamma da na Obradoiro.