Abin da za a gani a cikin Ávila a rana ɗaya

Bangon zamanin da Ávila sune alamun wannan tsohon garin na Castilian-Leonese. A Spain, mafi yawansu sun tashi ne a lokacin da ake Reconquest, lokacin da ya zama dole a kare kariya daga kutsawar makiya kuma da zarar an kammala, wucewar lokaci da abubuwan da suka faru ya sa da yawa sun fada cikin kango wasu kuma, an yi sa'a, an kiyaye kuma ya zama abin jan hankalin masu yawon bude ido a yau.

Koyaya, Ávila ta fi bangonta yawa. Babban coci, Masallacin Masarautar Santo Tomás, Gidan Tarihi na Santa Teresa, cocin San Pedro… Wannan birni da ke da awa ɗaya da rabi daga Madrid cikakke ne don yawon shakatawa da jika tarihi da al'adu. Unesco ta ayyana shi a matsayin Gidan Tarihin Duniya a cikin 1985. Bayan haka, za mu zagaya don gano abin da za mu gani a cikin Ávila a rana ɗaya yayin gajeriyar hanya.

Kamar ganuwarta, asalin wannan garin suna kwance a ƙarshen karni na XNUMX, a lokacin Sake nasara. Koyaya, zamaninsa ya kasance a karni na XNUMX lokacin da Saint Teresa ta Yesu ta mayar da shi wani wuri mai ban mamaki da mahimmancin ruhaniya a Spain. Bari mu tafi, mataki-mataki, sanin wasu mahimman mahimman sassan Ávila.

Ganuwar

Yanayin da aka gina ganuwar Ávila na da ne kuma bayyanar ta ba ta canzawa sosai ko daga wannan lokacin. Suna da kewaye kusan kilomita 2,5 tare da hasumiya sama da 80 masu ƙwanƙwasa da manyan ƙofofi 9, gami da archa El Alcázar, a gabas.

Sha'awar su daga ƙasa abin mamaki ne amma kuma yana yiwuwa a kalli sararin samaniya sama da su kuma a ji kamar tsohon mayaƙi ne, tunda akwai dogayen sassan da za'a iya rufe su da ƙafa.

Ba mu san cikakken bayanin aikinta game da ganuwar Ávila ba, kuma ba mu san sunayen mutanen da suka sa hannu a ciki ba, kodayake ana tunanin cewa mai yiwuwa Kiristoci da Mudejars sun yi aiki.

Bangunan suna cikin kyakkyawan yanayin kiyayewa, amma saboda wannan, ayyukan kulawa daban-daban sun zama dole waɗanda suka faru lokaci-lokaci tun lokacin da aka gina su kuma a cikin recentan kwanakin nan don samun damar yawon buɗe ido. Ana iya samun ganuwar Ávila daga wurare daban-daban guda uku: na farko shi ne Casa de las Carnicería (kusa da gaban babban cocin), na biyu kuma Puerta del Alcázar ne kuma na uku shi ne Puerta del Puente (sashe mai saukin kai) wanda ke cikawa. juna tare da farawa na huɗu a Puerta del Carmen.

Samun dama ga bangon Ávila yana da farashin yuro 5 don shiga gaba ɗaya da Yuro 3,5 don yara. Koyaya, ziyarar kyauta ne a ranar Talata.

Katolika Avila

Anyi la'akari da babban cocin Gothic na farko a Spain, wanda aka gina akan ragowar gidan haikalin da ya gabata bayan salon salo na haikalin, apse ɗin ta shine ɗayan cubes na ganuwar gari.

Ya fara tashi cikin salon Romanesque kusan karni na XNUMX amma tare da wucewar lokaci sai ya zama salo na Gothic, wanda ya ƙare da kammalawa a kusan karni na XNUMX. Cathedral ta Ávila tana da tsarin gicciye na Latin wanda aka kafa ta ruɓaɓɓu uku, transept da chevet na semicircular tare da sujada tsakanin buttresses.

A ciki akwai wani babban bagade mai ban sha'awa wanda Vasco de la Zarza ya yi akan bagaden babban ɗakin sujada wanda ke da zane-zane da Juan de Borgoña da Pedro de Berruguete suka yi tare da al'amuran rayuwar Kristi. Sacristy da cloister suna cikin karni na XNUMX kuma suna cikin tsarin Gothic.

A kan bagaden babban ɗakin sujada akwai wani kyakkyawan bagade wanda Vasco de la Zarza ya yi tare da zane-zanen da Pedro Berruguete da Juan de Borgoña suka yi tare da al'amuran rayuwar Yesu. Cloister da sacristy suna cikin tsarin Gothic na karni na XNUMX.

An ayyana shi a matsayin Tarihin Tarihi da fasaha a watan Oktoba na shekara ta 1914. Don ziyartarsa, farashin shigar da mutane gaba ɗaya yakai euro 6, yayi fansho da yuro 5,50 kuma ya rage euro 4,50.

Basilica na San Vicente

Shine mafi mahimmancin haikalin Katolika bayan Katolika na Avila kuma mafi girma a cikin salon Romanesque a cikin birni. Dangane da al'ada, an gina basilica a wurin da aka ajiye gawarwakin shahidai biyu na Kiristanci a zamanin Diocletian.

Babban misali ne na Romanesque a cikin Ávila cewa gwargwadon yadda ya dace da tasirin ƙasashen waje misali ne na musamman na fasahar Hispanic a cikin wannan salon. Gininsa ya fara ne a ƙarni na XNUMX kuma ya ƙare a ƙarni na XNUMX. Basilica na San Vicente yana da tsarin giciye na Latin tare da ƙafafun ruwa uku na ɓangarori shida da kuma ɗan transept hannu. Hakanan yana da ƙwarewar samun Gothic clerestory a gefen naves.

Mafi kyawun zane-zanen esvila na Romanesque shine babban birni mai tarihi na babban ɗakin sujada, tashar yamma da kuma cenotaf ta waliyyan Allah wanda ya shafi shahadar tsarkaka Vicente, Cristeta da Sabina. Gidan arcaded na Basilica na San Vicente an gina shi a cikin karni na XNUMX.

Babban shiga cikin Basilica na San Vicente Yuro 2,30 ne yayin da wanda ya rage shine euro 2. Ziyarci kyauta ne a ranar Lahadi.

Gidan Gida da Gidan Tarihi na Santa Teresa

Garin Ávila da hoton Santa Teresa de Jesús suna tafiya tare. Wannan karni na XNUMX na Sifen din Sifen kuma marubuci ana ɗaukarsa ɗayan manyan malamai na sufancin kirista. Cocin da ke kafa haɗin gwiwa tare da gidan ibada na Karmelite, umarnin da waliyyin ya kafa, yana tsaye akan mahaifarta. Da ke ƙasa akwai gidan kayan gargajiya na Teresian na yanzu, wanda shi kaɗai a duniya don koyo game da rayuwarsa, aiki da saƙonsa.

Haɗa zuwa cocin an gina gidan zuhudu. Daga haikalin zamu iya yin tunani game da faɗakarwar sa da yanayin ciki na yanayin Karmelite. A ciki mun sami ayyuka ta babban Gregorio Fernández kamar su Kristi ɗaure da shafi. Game da gidan zuhudu, a halin yanzu shi ne mazaunin wata ƙungiyar 'Karmel Karke' da kuma masauki don mahajjata.

Hall Hall da filin Mercado Chico

Filin Mercado Chico shine babban filin Ávila, cibiyar jijiyar garin. A ciki zamu iya samun Hall Hall da cocin San Juan Bautista. Asalin dandalin ya kasance ne tun daga ƙarshen karni na XNUMX lokacin da Ávila ta fara sake zama yayin da aka samo tushen Hall Town a zamanin Sarakunan Katolika., wanda ya ba da umarnin gina wuri don gudanar da tarurrukan Majalisar, wanda har zuwa lokacin ana gudanar da shi a ƙofar cocin San Juan, kuma an haɗa shi a cikin dandalin.

Zuwa karni na XNUMX, dandalin Mercado Chico da kuma Town Hall sun kasance cikin mummunan yanayi, don haka Majalisar ta fara aikin maido da kayan kwalliya don inganta kamanninta, wanda ya haifar da fili na yau da kullun tare da arcades. A tsakiyar karni na XNUMX, an gina Hall Hall na yanzu bayan tsarin gine-ginen Elizabethan.

Lambun Sepharad

Kasancewar kungiyar yahudawa a cikin Ávila ta faro ne tun cikin karni na XNUMX tare da mazaunan farko, har ila yau Krista da Musulmai. Avila ya kasance mai da hankali ga rayuwar ilimi da ruhaniya, inda wata mahimmiyar makaranta ta Talmudic ta bunkasa. A shekarun da suka gabata kafin fitar, a karkashin mulkin Sarakunan Katolika, aljama na Ávila ita ce mafi girma a masarautar Castile kuma majami'u da yawa sun raba sararin samaniya tare da gidajen ibada na sauran addinai.

A cikin filayen da ke bayan gidan zuhudu na cikin jiki, an gano adadi da yawa na tsarin jana’izar yahudawa a cikin 2012 sakamakon wasu ayyuka, waɗanda suka binne matattunsu a wannan sararin tsakanin ƙarni na XNUMX da XNUMX.

Lambu na Sefarad kyauta ne don kasancewar Sephardim a tsohuwar Spain. A tsakiyar wadannan lambunan akwai kabarin binnewa wanda a ciki aka ajiye ragowar abubuwan da aka ciro daga kabarin da aka tono. Wurin waje don tunani da jin daɗin yanayi mai kyau.

Waɗannan su ne wasu wuraren da za a iya gani a Avila a rana ɗaya. Koyaya, ziyarar dalla-dalla za ta ba mu damar sanin ruhin wannan birni na Castilian-Leonese, kodayake waɗannan wurare shida hanya ce mai kyau ta farawa. Idan kana da ɗan lokaci kaɗan, za ka iya zuwa Royal Monastery na Santo Tomás, da Serrano Palace, da Bracamonte Palace, da Torreón de los Guzmanes ko Humilladero Hermitage, a tsakanin sauran wurare masu alamomin a Ávila.