Budapest Yana daya daga cikin shahararrun biranen Turai don tafiya. Ga masu yawon bude ido sama da shekaru 40, garin yana ɗaya daga cikin lu'lu'un da aka gano bayan faɗuwar katangar Berlin. A yau, kodayake wannan ya daɗe da daɗewa, tarihin kwanan nan da tsohon tarihi ya bayyana a kowane kusurwa na wannan birni.
Ko garuruwa biyu? Budapest shine asalin biranen biyu, Buda, da Pest. Ko kuma, uku, saboda Óbuda ma yana wurin. Wane tsari, waɗanne labarai, waɗanne abubuwa ne wannan birni ya gudana har zuwa yau ɗayan ɗayan kyawawan hotuna a Turai? ¿Me zamu iya gani a Budapest don koyon duk wannan?
Budapest
Kamar yadda na fada a sama da garin yanzu shine haduwar tsoffin garuruwa uku, wanda ya kasance a zamanin da kamar yankuna uku daban-daban: Buddha wurin zama ne na ikon sarauta, Kwaro ɓullo da kara a cikin XNUMXth karni da Dabuda Ya kasance mafi yankunan karkara.
Yankin ya zauna shekaru dubbai. Yana da kyau a faɗi haka Romawa sun zagaya nan, duk da cewa ya fara bunkasa sosai bayan hadewar garuruwa uku a shekarar 1873. A wancan lokacin kuma har zuwa Yaƙin Duniya na theaya garin ya sami babban sauye-sauye a birane: gadoji, gidajen tarihi, cafes ko'ina, kide kide da wake-wake, tashoshin jirgin ƙasa.
Sannan yakin na biyu da juyin juya halin 1956 suka zo, dukkansu sun yi asara da asarar rayuka da kayan tarihi.
Yawon shakatawa a Budapest
Garin ya tsaya a bangarorin biyu na Danube don haka koyaushe akwai gadoji, amma el gada shi ne Sarkar gada. An gina ta ne bisa ƙirar Count Szécheny da kuma masanin gine-ginen Burtaniya da injiniyan duo, ya kasance taska.
Ayyukan gada ya ƙare a ciki 1849, mai ladabi gada dutse tare da sarƙoƙi wanda ya kasance abin al'ajabi a lokacinsa. Abin takaici bama-bamai na yakin duniya na biyu sun lalata shi, amma daga baya aka sake gina shi kuma aka zamanantar da shi. Aauki hoton gadar, kwata-kwata lit da dareYana da kyau tunawa da wannan gunkin birni.
Wani kyakkyawan wuri don ɗaukar hotunan Budapest shine ra'ayi na Basilica na San Esteban. Shine mafi girman ra'ayi a wannan ɓangaren garin, tsohon kwaro, kuma ya bamu 360 hangen nesaWanne ne mai girma. Basilica ba wani bane illa babban cocin Budapest kuma tare da ginin majalisar yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi girma a cikin birni.
Ba tsohuwar coci bace, tushenta ya faro ne daga 1851 kuma an gama shi ne kawai a farkon karni na XNUMX. Gaban fuska yana fuskantar kogin kuma waɗancan tushe suna da girma kamar cocin kanta. Yana da salon neoclassicalYana da hasumiyoyin kararrawa guda biyu kuma daya daga cikin kararrawar biyu an kafa ta a lokacin yaki. A cikin ɗakin sujadarsa shine Relic na Santa Diestra, hannun mummified na Sarki Stephen I, Sarkin Hungary na farko kuma, waliyi.
Kuna iya hawa ta matakala ko lif kuma a cikin ɗakunan dawakai, tsakanin matakai biyu na tsayi, akwai daki mai samfuri da baje koli. Gabaɗaya ana buɗe shi da 10 na safe kuma yana rufewa da misalin 6:30 na yamma. Yana tare da mashiga.
Wani coci mai ban sha'awa idan kuna son tsarkakakkun gine-gine shine ICocin Uwargidan Mu na Buda Castle. Shafi ne mai mahimmanci na tarihi, mai kyau, a cikin tsarin gothic kuma an masa kwalliya da kyau. San sani ya zama wurin nadin sarauta ga sarakuna kuma a yau yawanci tana ba da kide kide da wake-wake. An kuma san shi da sunan Cocin Matthias Kuma bisa ga al'ada a cikin wannan wuri sarkin Hungary na farko, Saint Stephen, daga ƙarshe, ya gina haikali a kusan shekara ta 1015.
Duk waɗannan sarakunan masu zuwa sun ƙara nasu amma Sarki Matías I ne ya bashi nasa sake farkawa. Yana da lokacin da ya canza masallaci a karkashin daular ustomanko, saboda haka yana da kyau kyakkyawan haikalin tare da kyawawan kayan ado. Anan, a matsayin gaskiyar tarihi, an nada sarki Emperor Josos José I, mijin shahararren Sissi.
El Buda Castle Wani ɗayan abubuwan jan hankali ne yayin tafiya zuwa Budapest. Har zuwa wannan lokacin za a iya isa ta funicular, mafi yawan shawarar da hotuna. Motocin sun tsufa kuma ra'ayoyi sun fi kyau. A cikin mintuna kaɗan babu wani abin da ke haɗa Adam Clark Square da gidan sarauta. Tun daga 1987 shine Duniyar Duniyaly yana gudana kowace rana daga 8 na safe zuwa 8 na yamma. Sabis ɗin yana gudana kowane minti biyar ko goma, gwargwadon buƙata da kulawa ana yin sa ne a ranakun Litinin.
Buda Castle gini ne mai tarihi, a katafaren gida da fada na sarakunan Hungary. Tsohon gini ya samo asali ne daga karni na XNUMX amma babban, gidan sarauta na baroque wanda muke gani yau daga karni na XNUMX ne. Yana tsaye a kan wani tsauni a ƙarƙashin wanda shine kyakkyawa mai suna Várnegyed ko kuma castle quarter, medieval, baroque da neoclassical. Gaskiyar magana ita ce wannan yanki na garin ya kasance duk fagen fama don haka an lalata kuma an sake gina shi a wasu yan lokuta, sa'a, tare da yawan kayan tarihi da fasaha.
A yau zaku iya ziyartar abin da ya rage na zamanin da, ɗakin sujada, zauren Gothic, gidajen sarauta, ɗakunan bikin, ɗakin nadin sarauta da Roomakin Al'arshi, misali. A gefen kudu na gidan sarauta Gidan Tarihi na Budapest: hawa huɗu tare da duk abin da zai ba ku sha'awa a cikin birni.
El Mount Geller yana da tsayin mita 235 ne kawai amma kyawun bishiyoyi ne masu canza launi gwargwadon lokaci. Shima yana bamu kyakkyawan panoramas na birni kuma an sa masa suna ne don girmama bishop Kirista wanda arna suka kashe a 1046, a can. Wannan shi ne inda yake kagara, babban hadadden asalin soja, amma kuma coci, sanannen Gellèrt Spa da otal.
Gidan kagara ya yi tsari a cikin karni na 48, bayan lokacin da aka sani da Juyin Juya Hali na 'XNUMX, don sarrafa yankin duka. Don haka an sanya gwangwani da yawa. Daga baya, a ƙarƙashin mulkin Soviet, da Mutum-mutumi mai 'yanci, alamar nasara a Yaƙin Duniya na II.
Muna magana a baya ginin majalisa, Wurin da zaku iya ziyarta a cikin nishaɗin shakatawa na aƙalla awa ɗaya. Kuna ziyarci dome cewa suna tsaron rawanin Hungaryzuwa, misali, matattakalar gala, gidan sama ko keken hawa. An gina ta ne a ranar cika shekaru dubu da kafa kasar Hungary e wahayi daga mafi mashahurin majalisar dokokin IngilishiYana cikin salon Renaissance da Baroque.
A ƙarshe, ba za mu iya dakatar da sanya sunan Tsibirin Margarita, tsibirin kore mai tsayin mita 2800 shine gari mafi mashahuri kore da kuma wuraren shakatawa. A da ya kasance wurin farauta amma a yau akwai kango na zamani, kotunan wasan tanis, mutummutumai da yawo marar iyaka. Hakanan akwai kyakkyawan lambun Jafananci, tsohuwar Hasumiyar Ruwa da kyawawan bishiyoyi masu yawa.
La Hanyar Andrássy An haife shi daga hannun sabuntawa wanda biranen Turai, gami da Budapest, suka kasance a cikin karni na XNUMX. A bayyane yake wahayi zuwa ta hanyoyin Farisa, an haifi kyakkyawar hanya, ta ɗan faɗi a tsarin ginin ta, kuma kyau sosai. Game da ita ne wannan akwai Hungary State Opera, Gidan Gidan Tarihi na Tsoro, Makarantar Fine Artss ... Akwai sassa uku kuma pko a ƙasa yana gudanar da tashar jirgin ƙasa, mafi tsufa a Turai.
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Kuma ƙarshe amma ba mafi ƙaranci ba, mutum ba zai iya magana game da Budapest ba tare da yin magana game da wuraren shakatawa ba kuma mafi shahara shine Széchenyi Spa. Wannan rukunin yanar gizon yana da wuraren waha na 21 tare da sabis daban-daban na warkewa kuma ana buɗewa shida da safe, yana rufewa da 10 da daddare. Abin kwarewa ne da nakiya a jiki idan kun kasance ɗaya daga cikin masu yawon buɗe ido masu himma.