Volcanoes a Arewacin Amurka

Volcanoes tabbaci ne cewa duniyarmu tana raye tukuna. Hayaki, magma, lawa, iskar gas da tokar dutsen da ke fitowar daga waɗannan ramuka a ɓawon Duniyar, dukkansu daga zuciyar Duniya ne. Akwai dadaddun duwatsu masu aman wuta, akwai duwatsu masu aman wuta, kuma akwai duwatsu masu aiki. Mutane sun saba da duwatsu masu aman wuta amma sun san yadda ake haifar da barna mai yawa.

Idan kayi la'akari da lahanin su, baku fahimci yadda za'a iya samun mutanen da ke zaune kusa da dutsen mai fitad da wuta ba, amma haka lamarin yake. Akwai dukkan biranen da aka gina a ƙasan duwatsu masu aman wuta har yanzu suna aiki. Idan sun haifar da bala'i a garuruwan da ɗaruruwan ɗari ne kawai ke zaune, me za su iya haifarwa a cikin birni na zamani? A Arewacin Amurka akwai volcanoes da yawa: a Kanada akwai 21 sannan a Amurka akwai 169, 55 daga cikinsu suna ƙarƙashin kulawa, yayin da a Mexico akwai 42.

Gaskiyar ita ce akwai aman wuta da yawa a Arewacin Amurka kuma da yawa suna aiki kodayake ba su ɓarke ​​ba aƙalla ƙarni ɗaya da rabi. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa ba kwa jin abubuwa da yawa game da dutsen tsawa na Arewacin Amurka. Ka yi la'akari da cewa a cikin ƙarni na 1915 kawai guda biyu suka ɓarke: Lassen a 1980 da St. Helens a XNUMX. Yana da kyau a faɗi cewa yawancin duwatsu masu aman wuta a wannan ɓangaren Amurka suna kan gabar yamma, a kan tekun Pacific da ke cikin tashin hankali a inda take yana ƙarƙashin farantin tectonic na duniya.

Volcanoes a Amurka

Daga cikin manyan aman wuta 169 da Amurka ke da su, akwai 55 da aka lura kuma 18 ana daukar su "na taka tsantsan" ko dai saboda za su iya fashewa, haifar da girgizar kasa ko kuma ya shafi rayuwar mutane da yawa a kusa da su. Alaska tana da duwatsu masu yawa kuma, kuma mafi yawansu suna cikin Tsibirin Aleutian. Daya daga cikin su, Mount Akutan, ya kwararo ruwa da toka tsawon watanni uku a shekarar 1992. Kusa kusa da lokaci, a shekarar 2005, an yi girgizar kasa a dutsen Augustine da fashewar abubuwa a tsawan kilomita tara. Wani daga dutsen Alaska da ke aman wuta shi ne Makushin, a tsibirin guda: ya ɓarke ​​sau 34 a cikin shekaru 250, na ƙarshe a 1995.

Ci gaba tare da Alaska shine Mount Redoubt, wanda ke aiki a cikin 2009 kuma ya tilasta filin jirgin saman Anchorage rufewa na awanni 20. Mafi girman dutsen mai fitad da wuta a cikin Tsubirin Aleut shine Mount Spurr, wanda ya rufe Anchorage cikin toka a cikin 1992 kodayake a halin yanzu shiru. Dutsen Lassen Peak ya ɓarke ​​da tsananin farin ciki a cikin 1915 kuma tokar toka har zuwa Nevada. Can nesa da Alaska, akwai ƙarin duwatsu masu aman wuta a cikin Kalifoniya: Long Valley Caldera yana wasa tun daga '90s don haka a kowane lokaci ko dai kuyi bacci ko ku farka. Wani dutsen mai fitad da wuta daga Californian shine Mount Shasta, amma tun daga ƙarshen ƙarni na XNUMX an nuna shi da kyau.

A Oregon akwai wasu duwatsu masu aman wuta da suke bacci rabi kuma wasu daga cikinsu sun kirkiri sarkar da ake kira daidai Sarkar Iblis. A cikin jihar Washington kuma akwai duwatsu masu aman wuta: akwai Mount Baker, an kiyaye shi sosai tun lokacin da aka ganshi magna a shekarar 1975. Wani dutsen da ke kusa da shi kuma shine Glacier Peak, Mount Rainier kuma mafi shaharar kuma daya daga cikin shahararrun dutsen tsaunuka a duniya, Santa Helena. Wannan dutsen mai fitad da wuta ya ɓarke ​​a 1980 kuma ya kashe mutane 57.

A ƙarshe, ba shi yiwuwa a yi magana game da dutsen tsaunuka na Arewacin Amurka da duwatsu na Amurka musamman ba tare da sanya sunan ba Hawaii aman wuta Dutsen dutsen Kilauea ya kasance cikin dutsen dindindin tsawon shekaru talatin kuma yana da haɗari na cikakken lokaci. Mauna Loa shine mafi yawan waƙoƙin aiki a duniya, ya ɓarke ​​a cikin 1984 kuma yanzu yana fuskantar aiki mai haɗari.

Volcanoes a Kanada

Kanada tana da duwatsu masu aman wuta a yawancin yankinta: a Alberta, British Columbia, Labrador Peninsula, Yankin Arewa Maso Yamma, Ontario, Nunavut, Quebec, Yukon da Saskaychewan. Sun kai kusan 21 kuma daga cikinsu zamu iya kiran Fort Selkirk, Atlin, Tuya, Heart Peaks, Edziza, Hoodoo Mountain da Nazko, misali.

Fort Selkirk wani sabon yanki ne mai matukar gaske a tsakiyar garin Yukon. Babban kwari ne wanda aka samar dashi a mahadar laifofi biyu. Rashin fashewa akai-akai ya samar da kwallaye biyar. Atlin wani matashin dutse ne amma a British Columbia. A yau mafi girman mazugi ya kai tsayin mita 1800. Tuya yana cikin tsaunukan Cassiar, arewacin wannan yankin, kuma ya samo asali ne daga zamanin Ice Ice. Zuciyar Zuciya ta uku mafi girma a dutsen mai fitad da wuta a wannan lardin na Kanada sanannen dutsen mai fitad da wuta, kuma duk da cewa bai fashe ba tun lokacin ƙanƙarar da ta gabata yana da ban sha'awa.

Edziza wata babbar stratovolcano ce da aka kirkira tsawon shekaru miliyan. Tana da filin kankara mai faɗin kilomita 2 kuma waƙoƙin motsin ta sun cika wurin. Dutsen Hoodoo yana arewacin Kogin Iskut, a cikin lardin. An ƙirƙira shi a cikin Zamanin kankara kuma tana da murfin kankara tsakanin kaurin kilomita uku zuwa hudu, sama, a tsayin mita 1750. Don haka, ya samar da kankara biyu. Kuma a ƙarshe, Nazko: ƙaramin dutsen mai fitad da wuta ne, tare da mazugi uku na mata, suma a cikin British Columbia, a yankin tsakiyar lardin kuma kusan kilomita 75 daga Quesnel. A cewar masana kimiyya, ba ta barke ba tsawon shekaru 5220.

Waɗannan ba kawai volcanoes ba ne a Kanada, amma yana da daraja samfurin sanin cewa akwai da yawa kuma hakan mafi yawan tsaunukan Kanada suna cikin British Columbia.

Volcanoes a cikin Mexico

Kogin dutsen da ke cikin Mexico ya tattara ne a Baja California, arewa maso yammacin ƙasar, tsibirai, yamma, tsakiya da kuma kudu. Akwai duka duwatsu masu aman wuta 42 a Meziko kuma kusan dukkanin su suna cikin abin da ake kira Ringungiyar Wuta ta Pacific. Volan wuta da ke aiki sosai sune Colima, El Chichón da Popicatepetl. Lokacin da El Chichón, a cikin Chiapas, ya ɓarke ​​a cikin 1982, misali, ya sanyaya yanayin duniya a shekara mai zuwa kuma ana ɗaukarsa mafi mahimmancin bala'in aman wuta a tarihin Mexico na zamani.

Dutsen dutse Colima ko Volcán de Fuego wani bangare ne na hadadden tsaunin dutse ya haɗu da wannan dutsen mai fitad da wuta, Nevado de Colima da wani ƙazantaccen lalata da ake kira El Cántaro, ya mutu. Youngarami daga cikin ukun ana ɗaukar dutsen da ya fi aiki a Mexico da duk Arewacin Amurka, tun daga ƙarshen ƙarni na 24 ya ɓarke ​​sau arba'in. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa ake sanya ido a kan awanni XNUMX a rana.

Kamar yadda muke gani, Arewacin Amurka na da aman wuta da yawa kuma kodayake ba labarai bane a kowace rana don wani abu masana kimiyya na kowane ɗayan waɗannan ƙasashe uku suna da yawa akan sa ido. Fashewar dutse mai ban al'ajabi, ita ce duniya mai rai a duk yadda take, amma a yau, tare da mutane da yawa da ke rayuwa a duniya, fashewa mai girman gaske na iya haifar da matsaloli da lalacewa da yawa.