Kusan kilomita 50 daga Madrid, wanda ke tsakiyar tsakiyar kyakkyawar Sierra de Guadarrama a kan gangaren Dutsen Abantos, Wurin Bauta da Gidan Sarauta na San Lorenzo de El Escorial yana nan, Unesco ya bayyana a matsayin Gidan Tarihin Duniya a cikin 1984.
Wannan sarki mai suna Felipe II ya bada umarnin gina wannan gidan sufi ta wasika a watan Afrilu 1561, inda ya bayyana dalilan da yasa yake son gina ta: godiya ga nasarar Mutanen Espanya a yakin San Quentin, wanda ya faru a ranar San Lorenzo a 1557, da sha'awar kafa kabari dan girmama iyayensa.
A cikin 2017 gidan ibada na San Lorenzo del Escorial ya jawo hankalin baƙi fiye da 520.000 saboda yana ɗaya daga cikin wuraren da ke da sha'awar yawon buɗe ido da al'adu a cikin al'umma.. Bayan haka, zamu zagaya da wannan kyakkyawan sararin kayan tarihin kasa wanda yake a cikin ƙaramin garin San Lorenzo del Escorial.
Tarihin Moastery na El Escorial
An fara ayyukan a cikin 1563 tare da mai tsara Juan Bautista de Toledo. Mutuwansa ya gaji magajinsa Juan de Herrera har zuwa ƙarshen gininsa a 1584 . Wannan mai zanen gidan ya sake fasalin aikin farko kuma ya kirkiri nasa salon, wanda ake kira da Herrerian, wanda ke tattare da yanayin ƙirar geometric da ƙarancin kayan ado.
Yaya Escorial Monastery yake?
A lokacin shine mafi girman gini a Turai kuma ana ɗaukarsa abin mamaki na takwas na duniya. Babban facade yana da ƙofofi biyu na gefe waɗanda suka dace da ƙofar makarantar Alfonso XII da gidan zuhudu na Augustine. A tsakiyar facade ita ce babbar ƙofar ginin, tsakanin ginshiƙan Doric guda shida, waɗanda aka kafa ta jerin ginshiƙai na Ionic, daga cikinsu ana iya ganin rigar ɗamarar makamai ta Sarki Felipe II da babban mutum-mutumi na San Lorenzo.
A ciki za mu iya samun Basilica, da Patio de Reyes, da Laburare, da Pantheon na Sarakuna, da Pantheon na jarirai, da theakin Fasali da kuma Fadoji da sauran wurare. Pinacoteca da Gidan Tarihi na Gine-gine kuma wurare ne da suka cancanci ziyarar.
Dogaro da El Escorial
Hoto | Wikipedia
Basilica
Ikklisiya tana zaune a tsakiya na hadadden zuhudun kuma shine ainihin asalin dukkanin hadaddun wanda sauran masu dogaro ke bayyanawa. Ana samun damar ta hanyar Patio de los Reyes, bayan hawa kan bene wanda ke rufe dukkan fa ,ade, zaka isa atrium wanda hasumiya biyu suka rufa masa baya. Daga nan, ta hanyar yankin da ke aiki a matsayin atrium na biyu na ciki, zaku iya samun damar haikalin a ƙasansa wanda yake shine babban ɗakin sujada wanda ya ƙunshi bagade.
Babban ɗakin babban ɗakin sujada yana nuna fresco wanda yake wakiltar Coronation of the Virgin. Juan de Herrera ne ya tsara wannan tsafin na tsawon mita 30 kuma mai zane Jacome da Trezzo ya zana shi a cikin marmara. A bangarorin biyu na bagaden, akwai alamun cenotaphs na Emperor Charles V da ɗansa Philip II a cikin tagulla mai haske da dutse da enamels inaliyo daga Leone Leoni da ɗansa Pompeo Leoni
Fadar Felipe II
An gina ta a hawa biyu a kusa da presbytery na Basilica da kuma a kusa da Patio de Mascarones, tana dauke da dukkan kayan aikin El Escorial da kuma wani sashi na farfajiyar Arewa. A halin yanzu zaku iya ziyartar Gidan Masarauta da ɗakin yaƙi.
A gaban ɗakunan masarauta, kuna bi ta wasu ɗakuna kamar Roomakin Jakadanci, tare da nune-nunen masu ban sha'awa irin su kujerar-gado inda Philip II ya yi balaguronsa na ƙarshe zuwa gidan sufi mai fama da ciwon gout.
Wurin da ake kira Casa del Rey, mazaunin Felipe II, ya ƙunshi ɗakuna da dama waɗanda aka yi musu ado da nutsuwa. Gidan dakunan sarauta, wanda yake kusa da babban bagaden Basilica, yana da taga wanda ya ba sarki damar bin taro daga gadonsa lokacin da yake da nakasa saboda rashin lafiyarsa. An kasa shi zuwa dakuna hudu: babban daki, tebur, dakin bacci da kuma magana.
Hoto | Vanitatis - Sirri
Pantheon na Sarakuna
Ya ƙunshi kaburburan marmara 26 inda ragowar sarakuna da sarakunan Spain daga daulolin Austrian da Bourbon suka huta, ban da sarakunan Felipe V da Fernando VI, waɗanda suka zaɓi Fadar Masarautar La Granja de San Ildefonso da Convent of Salesas Reales a Madrid a matsayin wuraren binne su.
Ragowar karshe da aka ajiye a pantheon sune na Sarki Alfonso XIII da matarsa, Sarauniya Victoria Eugenia. Hisansa Juan de Borbón y Battenberg, da matarsa María de las Mercedes de Borbón-Dos Sicilias, ƙididdigar Barcelona da iyayen Sarki Juan Carlos I, har yanzu suna nan a zaman da ya gabata wanda ake kira Pudridero. Tare da canjin ragowar abubuwan da aka kashe na Barcelona zuwa Pantheon of Kings, zai zama cikakke don a binne sarakunan Spain na yanzu a cikin Cathedral Almudena ko kuma a cikin Chapel na Royal Palace of Madrid.
Gidan zuriya na Escorial
Gidan sujada na Escorial kansa yana mamaye duka ɓangaren kudu na ginin. Da farko sufayen Hieronymite ne suka mamaye ta a shekarar 1567 kodayake tun daga 1885 Mahaifan Augustinia ke zaune a ciki, umarnin rufewa. An shirya shingen a kusa da babban babban mashahurin, Patio de los Evangelistas, wanda Juan Bautista de Toledo ya tsara kuma wanda shine ɗayan mafi kyawun misalan tsarin gine-ginen gidan sufi.
Lokacin ziyarar
- Hunturu (Oktoba zuwa Maris). Talata zuwa Lahadi: 10:00 - 18:00
- Bazara (Afrilu zuwa Satumba). Talata zuwa Lahadi: 10:00 - 20:00
- Rufe mako-mako: Litinin.
Farashin shiga
- Basic Rate € 10 har zuwa Maris 31
- Basic Rate € 12 daga Afrilu 1
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- Rage kuɗi € 6 daga Afrilu 1