Fez, babban birni na Maroko, kuma babban birni ne na addini da al'adu na ƙasar Alhauite tun lokacin da aka gina Qarawiyn, masallacin kur'ani da jami'a, a karni na XNUMX.
Fada, gidajen ibada, madaras da ganuwar suna ba da shaidar ɗaukaka ta Fez, garin da mutane miliyan XNUMX suka riga suka rayu. An bayyana shi a matsayin Gidan Tarihi na Duniya, an kiyaye madarar Fez cikakke tare da godiya ga Janar Lyautey, wanda ya hana ginin ciki.
Yana da nisan kilomita 200 gabas da Rabat, Fez wuri ne mai kyau don ɓacewa da gano ingantaccen Marokko. Wataƙila manyan biranen ƙasar kamar Marrakech, Casablanca ko Rabat sun lulluɓe da wani abu, gaskiyar ita ce Fez ya fi kiyaye al'adunsa da salon rayuwarsu, wani abu da aka hura a titunansa.
Birnin ya kasu kashi uku wanda ke nuna tarihinta. Fez el Bali (tsohon garin da aka kafa a 789 ta Idrís I) Fez el Jedid (wanda Merinids ya gina a karni na XNUMX) da kuma New City (wanda Faransanci ya gina tare da hanyar Hassan II a matsayin babbar hanya.)
A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, an shirya wani shiri na maido da madinar, ciki har da gyaran tituna, bango, abubuwan tarihi da gadoji, tun da wasu gidajen adobe sun lalace kuma a wasu wuraren shara da tarkace da aka tara a titunan, wadanda ba su ba hoto mai kyau ga birni mai mahimmanci kamar Fez. Hakanan, wasu riads (gidajen lambun gargajiya) ana canza su zuwa manyan otal-otal yayin da yawon buɗe ido ke haɓaka.
A zahiri Fez birni ne guda uku a ɗaya wanda yake gefen bankunan kogin Zitu da Fez.
Faz al Bali
Bab Bou Jeloud Kofar
Ita ce mafi kyaun madina da aka adana a cikin ƙasashen Larabawa kuma mafi girman abin tunawa a Maroko. Wannan babbar hanyar sadarwar yanar gizon ta samo asali ne tun daga karni na XNUMX kuma tana haskaka shuɗi mai ƙyalƙyali na ƙofar Bab Bou Jeloud wanda zaku sami damar shiga mafi girman ɓangaren garin.
Etare shi ana yin tafiya ne cikin lokaci, inda babu cunkoson ababen hawa, babu kwalta, ko kuma hawa-hawa. Bayan an tsallaka, ado ya canza launi kuma tiles ɗin kore ne. Launin da ke wakiltar farin ciki a cikin addinin Islama don abin da ke cikin gidaje, masallatai ko mahimman gine-gine.
Mafi kyawun abin shawara shine hayar sabis na jagora don sanin zurfin asirin Fez. Bugu da kari, ba irin wannan bane tafiya ba gaira ba dalili a cikin titunan labyrinthine fiye da jagorar wanda ya sani sarai wadanda sune wurare masu ban sha'awa a cikin madina.
Mulay Idris Mausoleum
An kafa garin ne a wajajen 807 AD lokacin da daular Idrisid suka ƙaura da babban birnin Volubilis anan. A cikin Fez el Bali akwai kabarin da aka sadaukar da shi ga Mulay Idris, wanda ya kafa garin. A matsayin abin sani, har zuwa lokacin da ba a daɗe ba, an haramta wa waɗanda ba Musulmi ba titunan da ke kusa da kabarin saboda yanayinsu na alfarma.
Babban wuraren jan hankalin 'yan yawon bude ido na cikin garin madina: makarantun kur'ani, manyan souks, filin Nejjarine da Seffarine, Gundumar Mai Tsarki da kuma tsohuwar jami'a da laburare a duniya.
Medersa Bou Inania Madrasa
Anan zaku iya ziyartar madarasa na Medersa Bou Inania, sarari mara hayaniya tare da hasumiyarta tayal mai ɗanɗano da bangon ciki mai ƙayatarwa. An ƙaddamar da shi a 1350.
Wuri don ƙare ziyarar ku zuwa Fez daga sama yake, a yankin da ake kira Borj Sur. Daga wannan wurin kuna da kyawawan ra'ayoyi na Fez inda koren launuka masu mahimman gine-gine kamar masallatai, jami'a ko Mulay Idris mausoleum suka fito.
Fez da Jedid
Fadar Dar el- Makhzen
Kodayake ana kiran Fez el Jedid da sabuwar madina ta Fez, gaskiyar magana ita ce ba wani abu ba ne face faɗaɗa madina ta farko Benimerines ne suka yi shi a cikin karni na XNUMX, mafi daular Berber a Arewacin Afirka, wadanda suka girka babban birninsu a Fez a tsakiyar karni na XNUMX. Babban birni na Fez el Jedid shi ne thean Masarauta (inda gidan sarauta na Dar el-Makhzen yake, wanda ke da Museumakin kayan gargajiya da na gargajiya), ƙauyukan Yahudawa na ƙarni na XNUMX (Mellah), souks, masallatai, lambuna da shagunan sana'a.
Sabon Ville
La Ville Nouvelle ko sabon birni Faransawa ne suka kafa ta a cikin 20s don haka wannan yanki na Fez yana da salon Turai daban da tsohuwar madina. Iyalan Maroko masu arziki da baƙi suna zaune a nan.
Manyan hanyoyi da tituna cike suke da shaguna, manyan otal-otal da gidajen cin abinci inda zaku iya ɗanɗano da shayin mint mai daɗi. Babban titin shine titin Hassan II kuma mafi mahimmin ma'anar shi shine mahada tare da titin Mohammed V, tunda ofisoshin Bank of Morocco da Plaza de Florencia suna nan.
A matsayin neman sani, yana da kyau a faɗi cewa a cikin sabbin yankuna na dukkan biranen ƙasar akwai tituna biyu tare da sunayen Hassan II da Mohammed V don girmama manyan sarakunan Morocco na ƙarni na XNUMX.
La Ville Nouvelle yana da gine-gine da yawa daga zamanin mulkin mallaka da Instituto Cervantes ko Faransanci Lyceum. Hakanan masallacin Imam Malik, daya daga cikin mafi girma a cikin birni, da cocin San Francisco.