Shirya tafiya zuwa Masar mafarki ne ga da yawa kuma ba tare da wata shakka ba wuri ne da zamu iya ganin wuraren da suke wani ɓangare na tarihin ɗan adam. Daulolin Masar da ƙarni da suka gabata suka kafa birane da abubuwan tarihi masu ban al'ajabi sun bar abubuwa da yawa waɗanda a yau wurare ne na yawon buɗe ido da ke da sha'awar kowa, kamar sanannen Haikalin Luxor a Misira.
Muje in duba ta tarihin wannan Haikalin na Luxor sannan kuma menene zamu samu idan muka je ziyartarsa. Shakka babu ɗayan mahimman abubuwan tarihi a Misira wanda ya cancanci ziyarta a garin Luxor kuma yana kusa da Haikalin Karnak.
Tsohon Zamani
Wannan haikalin yana cikin tsohuwar Tarihi, ɗayan manyan biranen Tsohon Misira wanda kuma shine babban birninta a lokacin Masarautar Tsakiya da Sabon Mulki. Yana cikin garin Luxor na yanzu kuma har yanzu muna iya ganin mahimman sassa kamar su Haikalin Luxor da Haikalin Karnak wanda aka sanar a cikin tazarar kilomita biyu ta wata hanyar da take da sinadarai wadanda kusan suka ɓace gaba ɗaya. Hakanan an ƙirƙira shi ta bankunan gabas da yamma na Kogin Nilu tare da necropolis a ƙarshen. Sunan ta na Masar shi ne Uaset amma Helenawa sun kira shi Thebes. Wannan haikalin Luxor ya kasance muhimmiyar mahimmanci a cikin biranen addini a cikin Thebes, an tsarkake shi ga allahn Amon.
Haikalin Luxor
Este An gina haikalin a cikin daulolin XNUMX da XNUMX a cikin karni na 1400 da 1000. Fharaohs Amenhotep III da Ramses na II ne suka tsara wannan haikalin, waɗanda tsofaffin ɓangarorin suke kiyaye su kodayake daga baya an ƙara wasu wuraren. Wasu sassa na daular Ptolemaic an kara su a cikin wannan haikalin kuma a lokacin Daular Rome ana amfani da shi a matsayin sansanin soja. Wannan ginin shine ɗayan mafi kyawun kiyayewar Masarautar Masar kuma yana ƙunshe da ɓangarori da yawa waɗanda suka tsufa kuma hakan yana nuna mana yadda yawancin ayyukan addini na wancan lokacin suka kasance.
Sassan haikalin
A gaban har yanzu muna iya ganin hanyar sphinxes wanda ke hade da Haikalin Karnak tare da kusan sphinxes ɗari shida daga cikinsu kaɗan ne suka rage. Kusa da wannan hanyar akwai ɗakin sujada na Serapis wanda ake dangantawa da Ptolemies, saboda wannan wurin yanki ne na bautar ƙarni. Zamu iya ganin pylon mai ban sha'awa wanda Ramses II ya gina. Wannan pylon ta fito ne daga kalmar helenanci wacce ke nufin babbar kofa kuma muna komawa ga waccan kofa a cikin gini guda biyu wanda yayi kama da pyramids da aka juya kuma hakan ya zama babbar bangon shiga. Dutsen Ramses na II ya ba da labarin yakin Qadesh inda fir'auna ya fuskanci Hittiyawa. Wannan shine ƙofar shiga Haikalin. A gaban wannan pylon zai kasance obelisks guda biyu wanda ɗayan ya rage saboda ɗayan yana cikin Place de la Concorde a cikin Paris. A ƙofar kuma akwai mutum-mutumi biyu da ke zaune a Ramses II tare da Sarauniya Nefertari da ke wakiltar kowane gefen gadon sarautar.
Sannan mun shiga farfajiyar peristyle, farfajiyar farko ta haikalin. Wannan tsakar gidan mai tsawon mita 55 yana da ginshiƙan papyrus guda 74 a cikin layuka biyu kuma a tsakiyar akwai tsattsarkan wuri tare da ɗakunan bauta guda uku waɗanda aka keɓe ga Amun, Mut da Khonsu. Waɗannan ɗakunan bauta sun kasance matsayin ma'ajiyar jirgin ruwa masu tsarki. A cikin wannan farfajiyar kuma zamu iya ganin rubuce-rubuce iri-iri tare da shagulgulan addini ko 'ya'yan fir'auna. Za mu je daki na gaba inda za mu sami mashahurin ginin Amenhotep III tare da ginshiƙai goma sha huɗu a layuka biyu.
El Farfajiyar Peristyle ta Amenhotep III ita ce daki na gaba. A gefen uku na gefen za mu iya ganin layuka biyu na ginshiƙan papyrus. Ana samun damar shiga farfajiyar ta hanyar matakala kuma wannan wurin yana kaiwa ga dakin hypostyle wanda zai zama farkon daki a cikin ciki na haikalin. Wannan dakin yana da ginshikan 32 kuma an rufe shi a cikin asalin sa. Daga wannan ɗakin za ku iya samun damar wasu ɗakunan taimako kamar Mut, Jonsu ko Amun Hall da gidan ibada na Roman. A cikin ɗakin haihuwa zamu iya ganin ginshiƙai guda uku waɗanda aka yi wa ado da kayan tallafi waɗanda ke ba da sanarwar haihuwar Amenhotep III. Zamu iya ci gaba zuwa wani daki wanda yayi aiki a matsayin farfajiyar ƙarshe kuma zuwa mafaka ta Amenhotep III tare da al'amuran fir'auna. Yankin Amenhotep shine abin da aka bayyana a matsayin ciki na haikalin, wanda aka gina a baya kuma daga baya Ramses II ya gina shi. Yawon shakatawa zai iya kai mu cikin dukkan ɗakunan da za mu iya jin daɗin duk bayanan abubuwan da aka zana da kuma ginshiƙai masu ban sha'awa tare da siffofin papyrus waɗanda za mu gani a yawancin haikalinsa.