Indiya: Imani da Alloli

India Ita ce kasa ta biyu a duniya a yawan jama'a, wanda ya kai adadin 1,320.900.000 mutane kidayar jama'a. a bayan China. Indiya, shimfidar shimfiɗar al'adun karni, na tsofaffin harsunan da aka sani da kuma bambancin addinai da hanyoyin tunani, ya kasance gida ga mutane da kabilu daban-daban tun ƙarni da yawa kuma ya koyi zama tare yana haifar da kyakkyawar al'ada .

A cikin wannan labarin da muke gabatarwa a yau mun kawo muku nasu "Imani da Alloli" kuma a cikin ɗayan waɗanda za mu buga gobe kuma za mu gabatar muku da wasu shahararrun al'adu da bukukuwa. Wannan karshen mako mun shiga ciki 'sari', Muna turare kanmu da turmeric da sandalwood kuma mun cika kanmu da launuka masu ban mamaki. Mun gabatar muku da Indiya, ƙasar allahntaka.

Addini a Indiya

Indiya ita ce shimfiɗar jariri na manyan addinai biyu da suka yadu a Asiya: hinduism da buddhism. Amma akwai kuma wasu da yawa, a cikin ƙaramin adadin mutane, waɗanda suka tsufa kamar waɗannan manyan biyun kuma suna da mahimmancin tarihi, kamar Sikhism da Jainism. Akwai kuma Kiristoci, Yahudawa, Musulmai, Parsis, da sauransu.

Duk da wadannan manyan bambance-bambancen na addini, akwai abin da yake hada su baki daya: suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a rayuwar mutane ta yadda kusan ba zai yiwu a banbance bangarorin marasa kyau da tsarkaka ba. Don haka zaka iya cewa addini ya kasance a cikin rayuwar yau da kullun ta jama'ar Indiya.

Addinin Hindu

Kalmar Hindu ba a kirkiro ta ba har zuwa karni na 1.500 amma ya samo asali ne tun a shekara ta XNUMX kafin haihuwar Yesu kuma yana nufin imani bisa ga Madawwami Doka o 'sanatanadharma'. Dokar Madawwami ta dogara ne akan "Vedas" waxannan su ne littattafai huxu da aka nuna hikimarsa.

Halayen Hindatu mafi dacewa sune:

• Da farko dai, rassa daban-daban na addinin Hindu yayi la’akari da hakan haƙiƙa bayyanar cuta ce (Maya)
• Na biyu, an yi imani da shi reincarnation ko transmigration na rayuka y dokar karma.
• Na uku, Hindu tana burin 'yanci da keɓancewar mutum don isa ga ganewa tare da kasancewar duniya (Brahma).

Tushen addinin Hindu

• La saniya An dauke shi a matsayin uwa ta ƙasa, wata alama ce ta hayayyafar ƙasa; yana da tsarki a addinin Hindu.
• Aikin ciyar da saniya ana gani a matsayin wani irin veneración.
• da dabba, a cikin cikakkun sharuɗɗa, ana la'akari da su mai tsarki saboda allahnsu Brahma yana zaune cikinsu.
• 'Babu Mukti': 'yantar da mutum ne daga sake zagayowar sake haihuwa.
• 'Karma-Sansara ': shine farkon maimaitawar rayuka.

Buddha

An haifi wannan addinin a Indiya tsakanin ƙarni na XNUMX da na XNUMX kafin haihuwar Yesu a matsayin ƙari ga addinin Hindu. Wannan koyaswar tana ba da mahimmanci na musamman game da wahalar rayuwa kuma ta zama hanya don 'yantar da kai daga gare ta. An kafa addinin Buddha ne ta siddhartha gautama, basarake wanda ya watsar da rayuwarsa a kotu don shiga duniyar tunani (ya yi tunani a kan ciwon duniya har sai da ya kai ga sanin cikakken gaskiya, don haka ya zama mai wayewa, Buddha).

Koyaswarsa ta dogara ne akan ra'ayin cewa duk rayuwa mai haifar da ciwo; Don kawo karshen wannan wahalar, Buddha ya ba da shawarar kawar da dalilin da ya haifar da shi: jahilcin da ke haifar da sha'awar rayuwa da mallakar wasu abubuwa na abin duniya. Ana samun 'yanci ta hanyar tunani da fahimtar waɗannan ƙa'idodi masu sauƙi. Kawar da wannan sha'awar ya ƙunshi halin ƙauracewa, na zurfin zaman lafiya, wanda ake kira Nirvana.

Ziyarci Haikalin Meenakshi

El Gidan Meenakshi Tana cikin madurai birni, mafi tsufa a cikin Tamil Nadu duka na tarihi da na camfi, tare da fiye da shekaru 2.600. A cewar tatsuniya, digon ruwa mai tsarki ya faɗo daga Allah Siva a wurin da garin yake kuma saboda haka sunan Madurai, wanda ke nufin "garin nectar", ya samu daga gare shi.

Wannan haikalin shine sadaukarwa ga Meenakshi, kyakkyawar matar Allah Siva. Haikali ne na baroque na gine-ginen Dravidian daga ƙarni na 12 zuwa 45. Haikalin yana da hasumiyoyi 50 tsakanin tsayin santimita 4 da XNUMX, don haka ya zama ƙofofin XNUMX zuwa haikalin. An yi musu ado da hotuna masu launuka iri-iri na alloli, dabbobi, da kuma adabi na almara. Hasumiyai daga zamani daban-daban suke, wanda yake gabas shine mafi tsufa (ƙarni na XNUMX) kuma na kudu daga ƙarni na XNUMX.

Karɓi dubban masu ba da gaskiya daga ko'ina cikin ƙasar, kasancewa ɗayan mafi mahimman gine-gine a Indiya. Hakanan ya kasance cibiyar al'adu, kiɗa, fasaha, adabi da raye-raye tsawon ƙarnika. A cikin shingen akwai ɗakin ginshiƙai dubu, duk sun bambanta da juna kuma an sassaka su cikin kyakkyawar hanya.

Ziyarci Haikali na Zinare

Wannan haikalin yana nan a garin Amritsar mai tsarki. Ram Das ne ya kafa shi, daya daga cikin gurus din addinin Sikk, a cikin XNUMXth karni.

Kyakkyawan gini ne marmara da kyau ya sassaka, Wadanne ganye ne na ganyen zinariya aka liƙe. Wani abin farin cikin wannan ginin shine cewa yana kewaye da wani kududdufi wanda aka ce ruwanta yana da kayan warkarwa. Kusa da haikalin shine Guru Kalangar, inda ake ba da abinci kyauta ga mahajjata kowace rana.