Red Square na Rasha, dole ne ya gani

Duk wanda ya haura shekaru 40 zai tuna lokacin Yakin Cacar Baki da yadda Tarayyar Soviet ta siffanta mugunta. Zuciyar wannan akidar da ta fuskanci jari-hujja ta kasance a cikin Moscow kuma idan za mu iya tunanin wani wuri mafi kyau za mu iya yin tunanin Red Square.

A yau Red Square na ɗaya daga cikin na farko, idan ba shafin farko da masu yawon buɗe ido suka ziyarta ba. Amma menene? Me za'a gani? Menene tarihinta? Idan kun tafi Rasha don Kofin Duniya na 2018 tabbas zakuyi tafiya ta wurin don haka anan kuna da yawa bayani.

Filin Jan

Kamar kowane birane na da, Moscow tana da babban fili inda ake gudanar da kasuwa a wancan lokacin kuma wannan shine asalin Red Square. Kamar yadda tsakiyar birni yake, shi ma ya kasance wurin shagulgula, jerin gwanon sojoji, sanarwar sarakuna da juyi. Tabbas, tsarin ginin ma ya canza sosai a cikin ƙarni da yawa.

Yankin ya raba gidan Kremlin, wanda a da shi ne gidan sarauta kuma a yau gidan shugaban kasa ne, daga gundumar kasuwancin garin, Kitai-gorod. Yana da mahimmanci koyaushe amma tun lokacin da aka ci gaba da hanyoyin sadarwa na zamani, akasari talabijin, ya sami nasarar zama mafi kyawun hoton kwaminisanci. Soviet ne suka sanya shi alama ta tsarinsu, suna gudanar da faretin soja da duk wani biki na ƙasa a kowace shekara.

A zahiri, a nan ne babban fareti bayan cin nasara a Babban Yaƙin rioasa a 1945, yakin duniya na biyu. Maganar gaskiya itace Soviet ta rusa wasu tsoffin gine-gine domin tankokinsu da rokoki su iya fareti, kodayake an yi sa'a daga baya an sake ginasu. Haskenta ya dawo sarai lokacin da a cikin 1990 UNESCO ta sanya Red Square a matsayin Wurin Tarihi na Duniya.

Abin da za a gani a cikin Red Square

Anan akwai gine-ginen duniya da na addini ziyarci. Suna tattara babban tarihin Rasha saboda haka bana tsammanin yakamata ku bar ɗayansu a cikin bututun. Daga cikin gine-ginen addini akwai Kazan Cathedral o Cathedral na Uwargidanmu ta Kazan, Haikalin Orthodox, sake gina asalin sigar da aka lalata a 1936.

Wannan asalin cocin kwanakin daga karni na sha bakwai lokacin da aka gina shi don gode wa Budurwa saboda ta kwato garin daga hannun sojojin Poland-Lithuania. Na farko da itace aka yi shi amma kamar yadda wuta ta lalata shi an gina na gaba da tubali. Kowace shekara, ana tuna daidai lokacin, ana yin jerin gwano daga Kremlin zuwa coci.

Tsakanin 1936 da 1990 cocin bai wanzu ba, an rusa shi, don haka shi ne na farko da aka sake ginawa bayan faduwar kwaminisanci. A shekarar 1993 aka sake bude shi.

El Kremlin Babban katafaren gini ne, tsohon katafaren gidan masarauta ne, wanda yake kallon Kogin Moskva, Red Square da kuma Cathedral na St. Basil. Ya haɗa da fadoji guda biyar, hasumiyoyi, bango da kuma babban coci huɗu. Bayan faduwar tsars, gwamnatin Soviet ta ƙaura daga Petrograd zuwa Moscow a cikin 1918. Lenin ya zauna a nan a zamaninsa, daga baya Stalin, Khruschev da sauran masu mulki.

Idan kayi yawon bude ido zasu gaya maka cewa masanan kasar Italia ne suka gina hasumiya da bangon Kremlin a karni na 80. A yau mafi girman hasumiya ta kai mita XNUMX.

Cibiyar Kremlin ita ce Filin Cathedral, tare da tsoffin ɗaruruwan ɗaruruwan gargaji da ƙauyuka masu kyau na zinariya. Akwai ƙananan ƙananan majami'u biyu da hasumiya mai kararrawa, Hasumiyar ƙararrawa na Ivan the Grande Tsayin mita 81 kuma daga karni na XNUMX. Hakanan akwai wasu fadoji, Makaman ajiye makamai da kuma Arsenal wadanda suka dace tun zamanin Peter the Great.

Zamanin kwaminisanci ya gadar da Lenin Mausoleum, dinosaur na kwaminisanci wanda ba za ku iya watsi da shi ba. Anan ya rage Gawar da aka saka wa jikin shugaban Soviet tun 1924. Tare da 'yan kaɗan, misali, yaƙi, koyaushe ya kasance a wurin don nunawa. Kabarin an yi shi ne da dutse kuma Aleksey Shchusev ne ya tsara shi. Miliyoyin mutane sun ziyarci wannan rukunin yanar gizon yayin ƙarni na XNUMX kuma ana ci gaba da ziyarar.

Wani lokaci Stalin yana kusa da juna, kaburburan biyu, amma a yau ɗayan Stalin yana hutawa a Necropolis na Bangon Kremlin. Ma'anar ita ce Kuna iya ziyartar Lenin's Mausoleum Talata, Laraba, Alhamis, Asabar da Lahadi daga 10 na safe zuwa 1 na yamma. Kullum mutane suna jira don haka dole ku kasance a shirye ku jira layi. Admission kyauta ne kuma 'yan sanda suna gadin cewa kar ku dauki bidiyo ko hoto, ko magana ko sanya hular. Tunanin shine a nuna girmamawa.

A cikin Red Square akwai kuma wani babban shagon da ake kira GUM. Yana da rassa da yawa a duk faɗin ƙasar, asalin sa kwanakin baya zuwa lokacin tsars, amma gidan Moscow shine mafi mashahuri. Babu shakka buɗewar ƙasar a cikin '90s kwata-kwata ya canza salon shagon kuma a yau ya zama cibiyar kasuwancin yau da kullun. Kusa da wani shopping karami, TsUM. Shin GUM ya cancanci ziyarta? Ee.

Falon waje yana da kusan mita 800 tsawon kuma yana da kyakkyawa tsohon gini. Yana da siffar trapezoid da yawa karfe da gilashi, musamman a kan rufin. Yana da kyakkyawan salon tashar jirgin kasa na ƙarni na 14. Rufin glazed yana da diamita na mita 1200, alal misali, kuma a kan facin akwai dutse na Finnish, marmara da farar ƙasa, arches da hanyoyin tafiya. Catherine Mai Girma ta ba da umarnin gina shi ga mai zanen gidan Italiya kuma a zamanin Soviet tana da shaguna XNUMX, a bayyane yake na ƙasa ne.

Stalin ya canza ginin zuwa ofisoshin, a taƙaice, kuma a nan ma gawar matar Stalian da kanta an baje kolinta bayan da ta yi wani kisan kai mai ban mamaki. Yau ana sayar da GUM din Versionan ƙaramin fasalinsa, mai ɗaukaka iri ɗaya da tarihi, shine TsUM, kusa da gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Bolshoi.

A gefe guda kuma akwai Gidan Tarihi na Tarihi, wanda ke tsakanin Red Square da Manege Square. Akwai abubuwa iri-iri a cikin wannan gidan kayan tarihin kafa a 1872. Ya ƙunshi ɗakuna goma sha ɗaya kuma tikitin yana biyan kuɗi 400 rubles ga kowane baligi. Akwai jagororin mai jiwuwa, na batutuwa daban-daban kuma a farashi daban-daban.

A ƙarshe, wataƙila za ku tsaya a gaban mutum-mutumi. Mutum-mutumi da gungu-gungu masu mahimmanci suna da mahimmanci ga tarihin ƙasa kuma a wannan yanayin zaku ga sassaka a gaban Majami’ar Saint Basil. Tana wakiltar Prince Dmitry Pozharsky da Kuzma Minin, membobin sa kai na sojojin Rasha waɗanda suka kori sojojin Poland - Lithuania daga Moscow a 1612. An sanya shi a wurin don tunawa da shekaru 200 na taron tarihi kuma an yi shi da tagulla.

Sanin duk wannan kun shirya tsayawa a tsakiyar Red Square dan sanin ɗan abin da idanunku suke gani.


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  1.   Moises m

    Ina da ƙarfin hali ... cewa idan ba don a cikin waɗannan lokutan muna samun damar zuwa ainihin tarihin wannan garin ba ... za a ci gaba da girbe mu da aikin rashin lafiya na Amurka don sanya waɗannan mutane su zama alamun mugunta . Babu abin da za a ga tarin tarihin cin nasara, canje -canje, juyin juya halin da mutane suka yi alama ... kuma za su ci gaba da yiwa alama. Kafin in mutu ... Ina da ƙudurin niyyar yin bimbini akan waɗannan ayyuka masu ban al'ajabi da samun damar saduwa da mutanen nan ... MUSAMMAN TARE DA RUSHIYA !!!!