Yammacin Spain akwai Mérida, babban birnin Extremadura, wanda Romawa suka kafa a ƙarni na XNUMX kafin haihuwar Yesu. Anan akwai ɗayan mahimmin ginin gine-gine a cikin Turai, wanda gidan wasan kwaikwayon Roman ɗin yake.
Kodayake Romawa ba su da sha'awar gidan wasan kwaikwayo, birni mai martaba na Mérida dole ne ya sami babban gini don wasannin wasan kwaikwayo. Na Augusta Emerita (kamar yadda aka sani a wancan lokacin) yana da damar 'yan kallo 6.000, adadi mai yawa na wannan lokacin gwargwadon mahimmancin wannan birni na Hispanic.
A halin yanzu, kowace bazara tana daukar nauyin wasan kwaikwayon Mérida Classical Theater. Alƙawari wanda zai dawo da ɗaukakar sa da asalin aikin da aka ƙirƙira shi don ƙarni da suka gabata.
Tarihin gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Roman na Mérida
An gina gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Roman na Mérida a ƙarƙashin kulawar Agrippa, surukin Augustus, tsakanin 16 da 15 kafin haihuwar Yesu bisa bukatar karamin jami'in Maco Vipsanio Agripa. Kasancewar ya kasance yana fuskantar yanayi mara kyau, dole ne a gyara shi a farkon karni na biyu lokacin gwamnatin Emperor Trajan.
A lokacin ne aka gina façade na yanzu, wanda ke da buɗewa uku ta inda thean wasan kwaikwayo suka shiga filin. Daga baya, a ƙarƙashin mulkin Emperor Constantine, an gabatar da hanyar kankare da ke kewaye da abin tunawa da sabbin abubuwa na gine-gine da kayan ado. Filin wasan kwaikwayon ya nuna fasalin marmara, ban da mutummutumai da yawa da ƙofofi uku.
Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Roman na Mérida yana da yawan 'yan kallo 6.000. An rarraba waɗannan daga ƙasa zuwa saman bisa ga tsarin zamantakewar jama'a a sassa uku na tsayayyu, waɗanda aka raba su da shinge da farfajiyoyi kuma ana samunsu ta matakala.
Daga baya wannan wurin ya rayu na dogon lokaci na koma baya. Saboda wannan dalili, an yi watsi da shi kuma an rufe shi da yashi, ta yadda hanyar da ke sama kawai za ta kasance (summa cavea). Daga baya gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Roman na Mérida ya sami sunan Kujerun nan bakwai domin bisa ga al'ada, an ce masarautun Moorish sun zauna don yanke hukuncin makomar garin.
Gwanin archaeological a gidan wasan kwaikwayo ya fara a 1910. Tun shekara ta 1933 ta dauki nauyin bikin Mérida na gargajiya na gargajiya na gargajiya kuma a shekarar 1962 aka fara aikin sake gini na bangare.. Shekaru da yawa bayan haka an ayyana ta a matsayin Cibiyar Tarihin Duniya ta UNESCO a cikin 1993.
Rarraba gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Roman na Mérida
Gidan wasan kwaikwayon yana kusa da bango kuma tare da babban ɓangaren tsayayyensa wanda San Albín tudun ke tallafawa, a wani yanki na gefe a cikin rukunin Roman.
Masu kallo na gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Roman na Mérida sun mamaye kujerunsu a ɗayan sassa uku na wuraren da ake da su dangane da yanayin zamantakewar su: caveas summa, media da ima, waɗanda shinge da farfajiyoyi suka raba su.
Lokacin da aikin fara hawan dutse ya fara a cikin 1910 don dawo da ragowar gidan wasan kwaikwayon, mummunan matakin bene shine kawai abin da ya fito daga yashi wanda ya rufe shi. A baya, lokacin da aka lalata rumbunan shiga, gawawwaki bakwai ne kawai na matakalarsa suka kasance a tsaye, wanda ya haifar da yin waɗannan baje-kolin da aka yi musu baftisma a matsayin Kujeru Bakwai, waɗanda muka ambata a baya.
Kogon ima shi ne wurin da mayaƙan Emerita Augusta suka mamaye. A zamanin Trajan an gyara sarari mai alfarma kuma an gina shi a cikin cibiyar kewaye da shingen marmara. A gaban kogon ima muna ganin matakai uku da suka fi fadi da fadi, inda firistoci da mahukunta suka ji daɗin wasan.
Matsakaicin zagaye na zagaye na zagaye inda mawaƙa, ƙungiyar makaɗa take, tana da shimfidar marmara, sakamakon sake fasalin ƙarshenta. Wurin ya rufe da katanga mai tsayin mita 30 wanda aka tsara a cikin layuka guda biyu wanda a ciki zamu iya ganin mutum-mutumin gumaka da allahn da aka zaba .. Komai ya hau kan dakalin da aka yiwa ado da marmara masu wadata.
Bayan bangon dandalin akwai wani katafaren lambu mai kyan gani wanda aka rufe shi ta bango tare da abubuwan kwalliya waɗanda aka kawata su da mutum-mutumin mambobin gidan sarki. Da farko an fassara ta a matsayin dakin karatu, amma gano wasu mutum-mutumi da yawa, daga cikinsu shahararren hoton Augustus ya lullube da Pontifex Maximus da wani na Tiberius, da kuma wasu rubuce-rubuce da yawa masu alaƙa da tsarin mulkin mallaka, ya haifar da fassarar cewa wurin an ƙaddara shi ga wannan bautar, wanda daga baya zai zauna a cikin Haikalin Diana.
Hoto | Wikimedia Commons
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