Samarkanda

Samarkand yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan biranen Uzbekistan, daya daga cikin kasashen da aka haifa bayan faduwar kungiyar Soviet. Koyaya, tarihinta ya dawo da ƙarni da yawa, musamman zuwa VII BC.

An bayyana Kayan Duniya, Samarkand ya sa muyi tunanin al'amuran 'Daren Larabawa' saboda tsananin kyawun hoton ta na Asiya. Amma, sama da duka, saboda shine babban birnin daular masarautar Tamerlane, babban mai nasara na Mongoliya na ƙarshe, yankin da ya faɗi daga India zuwa Turkiya. Hakanan saboda yana ɗaya daga cikin wuraren wucewa na ƙarancin almara Hanyar Siliki, wanda ya danganta China da kudancin Turai. Idan kana son karin bayani game da Samarkand, muna gayyatarka ka biyo mu.

Abin da za a gani a Samarkand

Kusan kusan mazauna rabin miliyan a yau, komai a cikin Samarkand yana tuna mana da abubuwan da ya gabata na ɗaukaka. Masallatan kyawawan kyawawan abubuwa, kaburbura masu ban sha'awa da son sani irin su Ulugh Beg Observatory wasu abubuwa ne da zaku iya gani a cikin garin. Bari mu san su.

Registan

Wannan shine sunan babban shirin da aka gina Samarkand. A ciki, an yi shelar sarakuna, amma mafi kyawun abu shine madrasas uku waɗanda suka tsara shi. Kamar yadda wataƙila ku sani ne, ana ba wa makarantun da ake koyar da addinin Islama da kuma yin sujada a matsayin sunaye wannan suna.

Wadanda zaku iya gani a Registan sune Ulugh Beg madrasa, wanda aka gina a karni na XNUMX; da by Tsakar Gida, kwatankwacin wanda ya gabata daga karni na XNUMX, da by Tilla-Kari. Gina tare da duk abubuwan marmari, sune cikakken misali na tsarin musulunci.

Masallacin Bibi Khanum, daya daga cikin masallatai mafiya ban mamaki a Samarkand

Koyaya, ɗayan kyawawan abubuwan tarihi don kyawu da ɗaukaka shine masallacin Bibi Khanum, wanda zaku iya samun girman girmansa idan muka faɗa muku cewa babban ƙofar yana auna mita talatin da biyar. Hakanan yana da minarets guda huɗu da babban tsakar gida wanda aka tsara shi da ginshiƙan farin marmara ɗari huɗu waɗanda aka gama a cikin gidaje.

Kamar dai duk waɗannan basu isa ba, akwai kyakkyawa almara wannan yana da alaƙa da ginin sa. Wannan yana cewa an gina shi ne ta hanyar umarnin Bibi Khanum, matar Tamerlane. Ana cikin haka ne sai mai ginin gidan ya kamu da sonta ya dakatar da aiyukan har sai ta sumbace shi. A bayyane, sumbatar ta bar alama ga matar sarki, wanda hakan ya sa ya gano abin da ya faru. Ya nemi mai zane a duk ƙasashensa don kashe shi, amma ya riga ya mutu, kodayake ya riga ya gama masallacin. Dama kusa da ita shine Bibi Khanum mausoleum.

Gur-e-Amir Mausoleum

Koyaya, mafi kyawun mausoleum a cikin Samarkand shine na Gur-e-Amir, wanda ke ma'anarsa a zahiri "Kabarin sarki". Kuma shine a cikinsa aka binne shi Tamerlane. Yana da siffar octagonal amma an yi masa kambi ta babbar dome. An kiyaye shi sosai kuma ance ya zama abin koyi ga sauran manyan kaburbura kamar su Taj Mahal na Agra.

Shan-i-Zinda necropolis

Hadadden kayan wasan funerary ne wanda aka kirkireshi wuraren bautar gumaka y kabari kusan ashirin a cikin ta an binne wasu daga cikin mahimman haruffa na daular Timurid, waɗanda Tamerlane da kansa ya fara. Har ma an ce a can aka binne shi Qusam bn Abbas, dan uwan ​​annabi Muhammad wanda ya kawo musulunci zuwa wadannan yankuna.

Ulugh Beg Observatory

Mun riga mun ambata muku wannan halin a baya. Shi jika ne ga Tamerlane kuma, ban da kasancewa mai mulkin yankin, ya kasance mai girma masanin taurari. Ta yadda har shahararsa har ya kai Turai. Kusan 1420 ya gina katafaren gidan kallo wanda ya haɗa da babbar sextant hawa uku masu tsayi don samun mafi girman matsayin taurari.

Kodayake wannan gidan kallon an lalata shi a shekara ta 1449, amma an gano abubuwan da suka rage a farkon karni na XNUMX kuma a yau gidan kayan gargajiya ne inda zaka iya ganin shahararrun sextant.

Gidan tarihi na Afrasiab

Afrasiab shine babban birnin Samarkand. An kafa shi, kamar yadda muka riga muka fada muku, a cikin karni na XNUMX BC, an sa masa suna ne don girmamawa ga sarkin da ya gina ta. Tana can arewa maso gabashin Samarkand kuma ragowar da aka samo a wannan rukunin yanar gizon suna cikin Gidan Tarihin Afrasiab.

Daga cikin su, akwai wasu masu ban sha'awa kamar tsofaffin dara a duniya da zane-zanen bango daban-daban. Yana kuma gidaje da kabarin annabi Daniel, babban sarcophagus wanda ya auna mita goma sha takwas. Yana da girma sosai saboda, a cewar tatsuniya, wanda yake zaune a ciki yana yin inci kowace shekara.

Bazaar na Siyob

Wani ziyarar kuma dole ne ku yi a Samarkand ita ce bazaars. Mafi girma shine na suke, wanda yake kusa da masallacin Bibi Khanum. Yana da cikakkiyar wuri a gare ku don gwada samfuran samfuran yankin kamar kwanakin, kwayoyi ko abin da ake kira gurasar samarkand. Kuna iya jin daɗin jita-jita kamar su soyayya, shinkafar da aka shirya da nama, kayan yaji, qwai quail, chickpeas, zabib da karas; da shaslik, wani nau'in naman nama, ko gumma, kayan lambu da sauran kayan kamshi.

Menene lokaci mafi kyau don tafiya zuwa Samarkand

Birnin Uzbekistan ya gabatar da a Yanayin Bahar Rum. Winters suna da sanyi kuma lokacin bazara suna da zafi sosai, tare da ranakun da zasu iya wuce digiri arba'in a zafin jiki. A nata bangaren, ruwan sama ba shi da yawa. Duk wannan yana ba mu shawarar ku zuwa Samarkand a ciki primavera. Yanayin yana da daɗi kuma babu yawon buɗe ido kamar na rani.

Yadda za'a je Samarkand

Birnin yana da Filin jirgin sama na duniya. Koyaya, yana karɓar jirage ne kawai daga ƙasashe maƙwabta kamar Russia ko Turkey. Saboda haka, hanya mafi kyau don zuwa Samarkand ita ce hanyar jirgin kasa. Daga Tashkent, babban birnin Uzbekistan, kuna da layi mai sauri wanda aka sani da afrosiyob.

Hakanan zaka iya yin hanya a ciki bas, amma yana ɗaukar kimanin awa shida don haka ba mu ba da shawarar ba. Sau ɗaya a cikin birni, hanyar da ta fi dacewa a kewaya ita ce raba taksi. Suna da arha sosai kodayake suna da fa'idar da basa farawa har sai sun koshi. Wani zaɓi shine kira matrushkas, motocin alfarma da ke ɗauke da mutane har goma sha biyar kuma waɗanda ke da rahusa amma kuma a hankali.

A ƙarshe, Samarkand ne kyakkyawan makoma don tafiya. An ayyana Wurin Tarihi na Duniya, da manyan masallatan sa da kuma makabartu, da kasuwannin sa da kuma ƙamshin turaren sa wanda ba za a iya kuskure shi ba zai kai ka ga duniyar farin ciki ta 'Dare Dubu Da Daya'.