Lokacin da nake yarinya akwai wani shahararren TV jerin kira Masada, wasan kwaikwayo na tarihi tare da taurari na wannan lokacin kamar Peter O'Toole, Peter Strauss da Barbara Carrera. A lokacin ne na fara jin sunan Masada da labarin wannan sansanin soja a cikin jejin Yahudiya a cikin Isra'ila.
A yau kango, babba kuma mai martaba, ya zama Masada National Park y dan Kayan Duniya, don haka idan wata rana ka je ziyarci Isra'ila ba za ka iya barin su daga hanyarka ba.
Masada
Rushewar ta ƙunshi An gina fadoji da kagarai a kan dutse a cikin jejin Yahudiya. kusa da Tekun Gishiri, a cikin Isra’ila ta yanzu. Jerin talabijin da kuka ambata a sama yana gaya mana game da lokacin ƙarshe na yaƙin tsakanin Yahudawa da Romawa, wanda aka sani da tarihi a matsayin Babban Tawayen Yahudawa. Mutanen yahudawa sun nemi mafaka a nan kuma Romawa suka kewaye wurin kuma sun killace shi da karfi har sai da fursunonin suka zabi kashe kan su baki daya.
Don haka Masada wani abu ne mai kamanceceniya da kishin ƙasar yahudawa da tabbatar da shi azaman mutane. Tun shekara ta 1966 duk yankin ya kasance Gandun Daji, tun daga 1983 ya kasance wani yanki ne na Yankin Hamada na Yankin Yahudiya da tun 2001 wuri ne na Tarihin Duniya a cewar UNESCO.
Yankin da Masada yake tsaye wani yanki ne na matashi mai fasaha, ba tare da yashwa da yawa ba, ba shi da tsari amma yana kama da dala ba tare da ma'ana ba. Yankin plateau yakai kimanin mita 645 tsawo ta hanyar 315 mai faɗi, tare da jimillar fili kusan kadada 9. A gefen gabas akwai tsaunuka masu tsayin mita 400 kuma a ɗaya gefen suna kewaye da mita ɗari. Don haka, hanyoyin zuwa saman suna da wahala.
Kodayake an sami ragowar wuraren zama na d, a, a cewar masanin tarihi Flavio Josefo sarkin Hasmonean Alexander Janneo ne ya gina katafaren kuma gano wasu tsabar kudi da kuma tambura daga wancan lokacin zai nuna cewa ra'ayin ba laifi bane. Amma tarihin da yake sha'awar mu na Masada daga baya ne kuma ya faru ne a lokacin mamayar Yahuza da Pompey.
Sarki Hirudus, sananne, sun haɗu da danginsa anan yayin da yake tafiya zuwa Rome don neman ƙarfafawa don sarrafa yankin. Bayan haka sansanin soja ya yi tsayayya da kawancen da 'yan Parthians suka yi masa, kuma ruwan sama mai ban mamaki ne kawai ya cece su daga yin ruwa, kamar yadda suka rasa ruwa. A halin yanzu, a Rome, Hirudus ya sami goyon bayan da ya nema kuma ya dawo kamar Sarkin Yahudiya da kaɗan kaɗan ya ci yankin, a ƙarshe ya sa Urushalima ta faɗi.
Amma sun kasance lokuta masu wahala: Mark Antony Cleopatra VII ne ya tallafi ta fadada masarautarta, don haka Hirudus ya ƙarfafa Masada yana tunanin cewa wata rana zai buƙaci wani wuri da ba za a iya shawo kansa ba. Shekaru bakwai bayan mutuwarsa, da yahudawa na farko - Yaƙin Rome tunda tashin hankali ya kasance a cikin crescendo. Kungiyar Yahudawa masu tsattsauran ra'ayi sunyi aiki a cikin tawayen, wasu sun shiga kuma don haka a ƙarshe ƙungiya Copó Masada yana kashe sojojin Roman tsayawa a can.
A cikin shekaru masu zuwa yankin ya kasance dutsen mai fitad da wuta kuma an gano Masada a matsayin wuri mara da'a musamman. Sannan Romawa suka ɗauki mataki a kan lamarin kuma suka yanke shawarar kashe yahudawan da ke gudun hijira a can kewaye da shi da sansanonin soja da yawa. Kwamandan ya tsara komai dalla-dalla, yana mai da hankali kan shiga ta hanyar gangaren yamma. Bayan ya yi kokarin fasa bangon ba tare da nasara ba, sai ya yanke shawarar gina ramin da bayan makonni da yawa ya kai mita 100 a tsayi.
Bayan watanni bakwai na kewaye An kammala hawan kuma an gina hasumiya mai ƙarfin ƙarfe mai ƙarfin ƙarfe 30 a sama. Daga nan ne Romawa suka yi wuta kuma ragon da ya ba bangon aiki. Bayan wani lokaci sai Romawa suka fahimci cewa yahudawa sun gina mafi tsananin ƙarfi a bayan bango, don haka suka soke hare-haren suka ƙone wancan ginin.
Yahudawan da ke cikin Masada suna cikin matsala kuma suka yanke shawarar kashe kansu: mutanen sun kashe danginsa sannan suka zabi goma su kashe juna. Haka aka yi ta yi har sai da mutum daya ne ya rage, wanda ta wurin zama shi kadai ya sanya wa kagarar wuta. Lokacin da Romewa suka shigo ciki, sai suka tarar da kabari.
Amma yaushe aka samo Masada daga masu binciken kayan tarihi? Ya kasance a farkon Karni na XNUMX, a cikin 1838 musamman. Tun daga wannan lokacin yankin ya zama mai ban sha'awa sosai kuma an tono komai kuma an tsara shi. An gudanar da babban aikin tono kayan tarihi a cikin shekarun 60s.
Masada Tourism
Me zai yiwu a gani a Masada? El hadadden yamma Yana da sauki daga Arad, ta hanya 3199. Anan zaka ga sake gina kayan aikin Roman daga shafin zuwa Masada, da roman roman wanda hawan sa ya hada tsakanin mintuna 15 zuwa 20 na hawan, da tsoffin ramuka na arewa an haƙa daga dutse kuma, don farashin daban, zaka iya zama don kwana a cikin tanti. akwai kuma haske da sauti da dare a cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo.
A kan tsaunukan dutse akwai kufai na Fadar Arewa, abin da ya rage na gidan sarauta mai hawa uku na Hirudus tare da shimfiɗar mosaic da bango da aka sake sake gini, kango na shine kadai majami'ar daga lokacin Haikali na biyu, dakin da aka samu sunayen duk wadanda suka rasa rayukansu, galibin gungun yahudawa wadanda aka kulle a Masada yayin tawayen, a cocin byzantine waɗanda sufaye sufaye suka gina kuma tare da benaye mosaic, da Fadar yamma, babba kuma kuma tun daga zamanin Hirudus, da roman wanka, dakunan kwamanda tare da bango da kududdufin kudu, babban fili a ƙarƙashin dutsen.
Samun dama daga Tekun Gishiri, hanya ta 90, ɗayan yana shiga ta ƙofar gabas inda akwai kantin kyauta, tashar agaji ta farko, a gidan abinci da cafe.
Har ila yau a nan shi ne Masada Yigal Yadin Museum, an buɗe shi a 2007, wanda ke ba da labarin abubuwan da suka faru a kusa da sansanin soja, yana ba da kyau baya zuwa ziyarar, da hanyar mota wanda ya dauke ka zuwa kofar Hanyar Maciji, mafi wahalar gaske, wanda yanzu za a iya rufe ta da kafa, wanda ya shafi awa daya da rabi kasa.
Ziyara na da matukar ban mamaki. Kuna iya ajiyar hanyar shiga Masada National Park akan layi, ta shafin yanar gizon hukuma, zaɓar kwanan wata.