Babban tafki mai kyau a duniya, ta hanyar girma, shine Tekun Bailkal. Ya ƙunshi ruwa fiye da Manyan Tabkuna na Arewacin Amurka… duka an haɗa su! Babu shakka, haka ne Kayan Duniya kuma yana da nisa Siberia, a Rasha.
A bin layin wasu wurare da ba su dace ba, saboda tabkin ba ya jan hankalin masu yawon bude ido, a yau za mu yi magana game da wannan kyakkyawan wuri, yadda yake, abin da yake ba mu da kuma yadda za mu yi har zuwa yanzu. Bari mu gani to, tafiya zuwa Tafkin Baikal.
Baikal lake
Tekun yana kudu maso gabashin Rasha, a cikin wani kwari wanda yake da babbar karayar kasa wanda ke haifar da dunkulen Duniya ya rabu a hankali. A zahiri, yana ɗayan ƙananan karaya a duniyarmu kuma yana aiki sosai, ana buɗewa a ƙimar 2 santimita a shekara. Idan tana samarda motsi? Tabbas, kowane lokaci sau da yawa ana girgizar ƙasa da maɓuɓɓugan ruwan zafi masu tasowa.
Tekun Tana da tsayi kilomita 636 kuma faɗi 79 kilomita, Haka abin yake tabki mafi girma a Asiya kuma mafi zurfin cikin duniya tare da zurfin mita 1642. Lake Baikal ya kasu kashi biyu buta ukus, kudu, arewa da tsakiya tare da zurfin zurfin daban. Shekarun tafkin nawa? An lasafta tsakanin Shekaru miliyan 25 da 30 don haka a jerin nasarorin da muka samu mun kuma kara da cewa shine mafi tsufa tabki a tarihin ƙasa.
A hakikanin gaskiya, masana ilimin kasa sun sami bayanai da yawa game da canjin yanayi na wannan duniyar tamu a cikin shekaru miliyan shida ko bakwai da suka gabata daga abubuwan da aka samo daga zurfinsu.
Baikal din tabki ne na tabki, kewaye da duwatsu, da tana da tsibirai da yawa kodayake mafi girma da shahara shine Tsibirin Olkhon. Wannan tsibirin yana da tsayin kilomita 72 kuma da wannan girman shine tsibiri na uku mafi girma a cikin duniya. Ba abin mamaki ba ne a wannan lokacin, ko ba haka ba? Har ila yau, tabkin yana da ruwa da yawa fiye da 300 duk da cewa kogi daya ne ya kafe shi, Angara.
Ruwanta suna da kyau sosai kuma a lokacin hunturu tana samun karin haske. A wannan lokacin ganuwa tana kaiwa tsakanin mita 30 zuwa 40, yayin bazara yana tsakanin mita biyar zuwa takwas. Ruwansa kuma mai arziki sosai a oxygen, har ma a zurfin zurfi. Suna da yanayin zafi daban-daban, gwargwadon zurfin, wurin, lokacin shekara.
Ta haka ne, a lokacin sanyi da damina farfajiyar ta daskarewa kuma haka ya kasance har kusan rabin shekara. Ice, a wasu wurare, na iya kai tsawon mita biyu. Daga baya, idan aka fasa, ruwan ya fara dumi kaɗan kaɗan kuma wataƙila a watan Agusta, tsakiyar lokacin bazara, ruwan ya isa wasu wuraren da bai wuce 15, 16 ºC ba.
Tekun yana da rai da yawa, akwai nau'ikan tsirrai sama da dubu da nau'ikan dabbobi dubu biyu da dari biyar, tare da kimanin 80% nau'in endemic. Akwai dawakai, dawakin Siberia, beyar, marmot ... Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa ya zama kyakkyawar makoma ga masoyan yanayi.
Yawon shakatawa a cikin Lake Baikal
M akwai tashoshin yawon bude ido guda biyu. Na farko shine lokacin kankara Yana farawa ne a tsakiyar watan Janairu har zuwa tsakiyar watan Afrilu. Kaurin kankara yana tallafawa zuwan da komowar ababan hawa, kuma yana da super m ice, tare da kumfa hada. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa lokaci ne mai kyau don yi tafiya ta gefen tabki, yawo, yawo kuma har ma ya hau keke.
Akwai hanya a kan kankara da ta kewaye Tsibirin Olkhon, na kusan kilomita 200. Akwai masunta kankara da yawa, wani abu sananne sosai a nan, kuma duk wannan yana ɗorewa har zuwa tsakiyar, ƙarshen Afrilu, lokacin da zazzabi ya fara tashi kuma kankara ta zama mai saurin fashewa. Babu ƙarancin asarar rai, don haka yi hankali.
La karo na biyu na yawon shakatawa akan Tafkin Baikal yana ciki rani. Da hanyoyin dutsen ta hanyar tsaunukan da ke kewayen, da Baikal Range da Barguzin Range, misali. Akwai hanyoyi da yawa da suka fi shahara, daga cikinsu mafi kyawun wanda ya fara a Listvyanka, ya bi ta gefen tafkin kuma ya ƙare a Bolshoye GHoloustnoye wanda ya lullube kilomita 55, kodayake ba za ku iya yin ƙasa da hakan ba.
Kamar yadda babu kankara a lokacin rani lokacin tafiya ne da jirgi, lokacin ganin tsuntsaye da ma kifi ta hanyar gargajiya. Gabaɗaya, cibiyar ayyukan yawon buɗe ido na tabkin yana cikin ƙauyen Khuzhir kuma listvyanka. Daga wannan ƙauyen garin Irkutsk yana da awanni biyu kuma zaku iya zuwa nan ta jirgin sama. Wani matattarar tafkin shine severobaykalsk, a gabar arewa.
Kuma a cikin tsibirai da yawa a cikin tabkin, kamar yadda muka riga muka fada, mafi shaharar shine olkhon, tare da kauyuka da dama. Kore ne, tare da duwatsu masu duwatsu da bishiyun pine ko'ina. Yana da nisan kilomita 250 daga Irkutsk y ka isa jirgin ruwa daga Mayu zuwa Disamba. Kuna ɗaukar bas daga tashar Bus ta Irkutsk, sabis guda huɗu a rana, ko daga Babban Kasuwa, sannan kuma jirgi. Wannan zaɓi ne mafi arha, kimanin euro 20.
Wani zaɓi shine ɗauka jirgi mai sauri daga Irkutsk zuwa Olkhon. Jirgin ruwan ya fito ne daga VSRP (Gabashin Siberian River Transport), yana tashi kowace Litinin a 8:30 na safe ya isa Khuzhir da ƙarfe 5:15 na yamma. Daga nan ku ci gaba da tafiya zuwa gefen tafkin don ku sami damar ganin gefen gabas. Jirgin ruwan ya dawo Irkutsk a ranar Talata, yana kammala madauwari. Ana iya kunna wannan sabis ɗin kawai daga 7 ga Yuli zuwa 24 ga Agusta, kuma makon da ya gabata na Yuli har zuwa farkon Agusta ƙara wani sabis ɗin a ranar Laraba.
Kodayake Olkhon ba mai yawan yawon bude ido bane kamar Listyanka yana da kyawawan kayan more rayuwa: akwai hukumomin haya da babura, otal-otal, da kuma ayyukan ruwa iri-iri... Zuciya ita ce ƙauyen Khuzhir, a tsakiyar tsibirin da minti 20 daga tashar jirgin ruwa. Isauyen ƙanana ne kuma kyakkyawa, mintuna 10 daga bakin teku, tare da shagunan sa da shaguna a kewayen babban filin. Babu tashar mota kuma hidimomi sun tashi daga gidan haya na Svetlana. Ana sayar da tikiti a nan.
A tsibirin zaka iya ziyarci Kogon Shaman, tsattsarkan wuri ne a gabar ruwan tafki, rairayin bakin teku, ƙauyen da aka watsar da Peschanaya (tare da kamfanin kifi na Soviet), da Cape Khoboy ko dutsen da ake kira Tres Hermanos. Yankunan rairayin bakin teku masu kilomita hudu ne daga Khuzhir, kewaye da dazuzzuka, jama'a ... Wani ƙauyen da ke kusa da shi kharantsv, kusan kilomita biyu kawai, don tafiya don yawo.
Asali wannan shine abin da ke kewaye da Tafkin Baikal. Ina ƙara cewa babbar hanya mai kyau ta zuwa tafkin ita ce ɗaukar Trans-Siberian. Kudinsa yayi daidai da na jirgin sama amma yana da kyau sau dubu. Ee hakika, jirgin yana ɗaukar kwanaki huɗu don haka yana da 'yar tafiya. Idan wannan bai rufe ku ba, jirgin sama zuwa Irkutsk ko Olan-Ude, awanni shida daga Moscow. Sau ɗaya a cikin yankin, an rage hanyoyin sufuri zuwa jiragen ruwa, jiragen ruwan kamun kifi, babura, motocin haya, jirgin ƙasa, hawan jirgin sama ko ƙafafunmu.
Tekun yana da girma haka nesa ba gajere bane. Daga Irkutsk zuwa Tsibirin Olkhon tafiyar awa shida ce kuma zuwa rairayin bakin teku na tafkin gabashin, Goryachinsk, yana da awanni biyar. Tafiya cikin jirgin ruwa tabbas ya fi dacewa da ɗaukar hanya. Dangane da jiragen ruwa akwai kwalekwale masu sauri uku kowace rana daga Irkutsk zuwa Listvyanka (8:30 na safe, 12 na rana da 2 na yamma), wanda ke ɗaukar awa ɗaya kuma yakai kimanin euro 10.
A cikin watannin bazara kuma akwai haɗin jirgin ruwa zuwa gabar gabashin. Gaskiyar ita ce babu hanya a kusa da tabkin, amma zaka iya isa wasu wurare a kudanci ta mota ko tuƙi zuwa Tsibirin Olkhon, ta tsallaka ta jirgin ruwa. Tabbas, a nan yana da kuɗin siyan mai saboda haka kuyi ƙoƙarin sa shi a zuciya.
A ƙarshe, Ina fatan cewa wannan bayanin da waɗannan kyawawan hotunan suna yi muku hidima kuma suna ƙarfafa ku kuyi tafiya don ganin tafkin Baikal da hannu.