Akwai wuraren da yakamata ku kalla sau ɗaya a rayuwarku, da Rome Coliseum Yana daya daga cikinsu. Aikin gine-gine wanda yakai kimanin shekaru dubu biyu kuma yana ɗauke da tarihi mai faɗi da ban sha'awa, wanda aka nuna shi a cikin fina-finai da shirye-shirye da yawa, don haka ba zai zama baƙo ba. Koyaya, tabbas akwai abubuwa da yawa da baku sani ba game da wannan abin tunawa na Italia.
Wannan Colosseum, wanda aka fi sani da Flavian Amphitheater, An fara gini a shekara ta 70 Miladiyya. C. a ƙarƙashin umarnin Vespasiano, inda tafkin Nerón yake. Akwai zato da yawa game da dalilin gina shi, kuma ana tunanin cewa zai iya zama aikin nasara bayan cin nasarar Rome, amma kuma ana son komawa Rome yankin da Nero da kansa ya yi amfani da shi don ƙirƙirar nasa mazaunin, da Domus Aurea. Shin kana son sanin cikakken bayani game da Roman Colosseum?
Tarihi da son sani
Dogaro da duk tarihin Colosseum zai ɗauki awanni, kodayake tabbas abu ne mai ban sha'awa. Gininsa yana farawa a cikin 70s da 72s d. C. kuma sunan ta na yanzu ya fito ne daga Colossus na Nero, wani mutum-mutumin da yake kusa da shi kuma ba a kiyaye shi a yau ba. An gina shi gaba ɗaya akan Domus Aurea, yana cika Kogin Nero da yashi. An gama shi a ƙarƙashin umarnin sarki Titus, a shekara ta 80 AD Akwai sha'anin sani da yawa game da wannan Koloseum, don haka zamuyi ƙoƙarin gano wasu daga cikinsu.
A cikin wannan Koloseum akwai damar mutane 12.000 tare da layuka 80 na tsaye. Mahimmancin 'yan kallo sun fara daga ƙasa zuwa sama, tare da masu ƙarfi da ƙarfi na Rome a ƙasan, kamar Sarki, sanatoci, mahukunta ko firistoci. A cikin saman stratum sune Romawa mafi talauci, na ƙanƙantar da matsayin jama'a fiye da sauran. An aiwatar da shirye-shirye da yawa a ciki, sanannen sananne gladiator yayi faɗa. Hakanan akwai yaƙe-yaƙe da dabbobi, aiwatar da hukuncin kisa a cikin jama'a, sake aiwatar da yaƙe-yaƙe, wasan kwaikwayo daga almara na gargajiya ko naumaquias, waɗanda sune yaƙin na ruwa. An yi imanin cewa a farkonsa an cika ɓangaren ƙasa da ruwa don aiwatar da waɗannan yaƙe-yaƙe.
Wannan Colosseum an kaddamar dashi ne a shekara ta 80 Miladiyya. C., kuma shine mafi kyawun filin wasan kwaikwayo, tare da biki wanda ya ɗauki kwanaki 100. Wasannin karshe a ciki za'a gudanar dashi a cikin karni na XNUMX, fiye da ranar da ake tunanin daular Rome ta ƙare. Daga baya, wannan ginin yana da fa'idodi da yawa, tun da yake mafaka ne, masana'anta da fasa dutse. A ƙarshe an yi amfani da shi azaman wurin ibada na Krista, don haka ya sami damar ceton kansa har zuwa yau, tunda ana amfani da duwatsu da yawa don gina sabbin gine-gine a cikin birnin. A halin yanzu an sake dawo da shi a wasu sassa kuma katangar katako wanda yashi bai kiyaye ba, don haka ana iya ganin ɓangaren ƙasa, amma yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan ayyukan wannan daular da ta ɓace.
Tsarin Colosseum
Tsarin wannan gidan wasan kwaikwayo sabon abu ne sabo, tunda shine mafi girma da aka yi. A ciki sun kasance yashi da hypogeum. Filin shine filin wasan, oval tare da dandamali na katako wanda aka lulluɓe da yashi, inda aka gudanar da wasan kwaikwayo. Yankin hypogeum shine ƙasa tare da ramuka da kurkuku inda masu ba da gladi, waɗanda aka yanke wa hukunci da dabbobi ke zama har sai sun fito fili. Wannan yanki yana da babban tsarin magudanan ruwa don kwashe ruwan, ana tunanin bayan bayanan jiragen ruwa naumaquia. Yankin Cávea shine na tsaye, tare da bagade, inda aka sanya manyan haruffa.
Wani ɓangaren da yake ba da mamaki har yau shine abubuwan da ake kira amai, waɗanda sune hanyoyin da aka sami hanyoyin da za a fita daga cikin Colosseum. Sun bar mutane da yawa sun tafi cikin kankanin lokaci, ta yadda za a kwashe kimanin mutane 50.000 cikin minti biyar. Yawancin filin wasa da yawa a yau ba su iya daidaitawa da waɗannan ayyukan da babban aikinsu ba.
A yankin waje mun sami wani facade a hawa hudu superimposed, tare da ginshiƙai da arches, da kuma rufaffiyar yankin yankin. Wannan yana ba wa amphitheater kallo mai haske sosai. A kowane mataki zaka iya ganin salo daban, wani abu wanda aka saba dashi a yawancin gine-ginen lokacin. Suna amfani da tsarin Tuscan, Ionic da Koriya, kuma a saman wanda suke kira hade.
Farkawa wani bangare ne wanda ba a kiyaye shi ba, kuma ita ce murfin mayafi ne wanda aka sa don kare jama'a daga rana. An yi amfani da sandunan da aka yi da itace da zane, da farko an yi su da shaƙu, daga baya kuma an yi su da lilin, wanda ya fi sauƙi. Akwai jimlar masts 250 waɗanda za a iya amfani da su daban don rufe wasu sassa kawai idan ya cancanta.
Koleseum a yau
A yau, Roman Colosseum na ɗaya daga cikin manyan wuraren jan hankalin masu yawon bude ido a cikin garin Italiya. A cikin 1980 UNESCO ta ayyana shi a matsayin Gidan Tarihin Duniya, kuma a cikin Yulin 2007 an dauke shi ɗayan Sabbin Abubuwa Bakwai Na Zamanin Duniya.
A halin yanzu an biya wannan jan hankalin, kuma don ganin shi ya fi kyau ya zama abu na farko da safe don samun damar samun tikiti da wuri-wuri. Ana buɗe shi a 8.30 na safiyar kowace rana kuma tikiti na manya yakai euro 12. Wata hanyar samun tikitin shine ayi amfani da Pass din Roma, kati don samun ragi a wurare daban-daban da abubuwan tarihi a cikin birni, tare da guje wa yin layi.
A cikin Colosseum zaka iya yin yawon shakatawa mai jagora, kuma a saman bene akwai gidan kayan gargajiya wanda aka keɓe ga allahn Girkawa Eros. Wani daga cikin abubuwan da suka danganci Colosseum shine jerin gwanon Paparoma na hanyar Gicciye a ranar Juma'a mai kyau kowace shekara.