Daya daga cikin biranen da suke da nauyinsu a tarihi shine Nuremberg. Ina tsammanin mun fi shi sanin littattafan tarihi fiye da wuraren jan hankali na masu yawon bude ido, amma ta wata hanya ce sanannen birni ne.
Nuremberg shine a Jamus, sananne ne ta Gwajin Nuremberg bayan yakin duniya na biyu, amma wuri ne mai matukar ban sha'awa idan kuna tunanin zagaya Jamus. Bari mu ga yau yadda za a yi yawon shakatawa a Nuremberg.
Nuremberg
Garin yana cikin jihar Bavaria, a gefen Kogin Pegnitz, kuma tsoho ne sosai. Wannan ya sa cibiyarta ta zama kyakkyawa kyakkyawa kuma kowane kusurwa yana numfasa tarihi. A kewayensa akwai dazuzzuka da yawa da filayen da aka keɓe don noma.
An raba tsohon garin zuwa unguwanni biyu ta bakin rafi, unguwar San Lorenzo da kuma unguwar San Sebaldo. Titatattun titunan ta suna hawa zuwa katanga kuma wuri ne mai kyau don bincika da ƙafa, a tsakiyar tafiya.
Duk tsohon garin yana zagaye da ganuwa na da, duwatsu masu nisan kilomita biyar, tare da manyan ƙofofi da hasumiyoyi, huɗu gaba ɗaya. Katin kati na da kamar haka, cikakke. Parapet ɗin kusan kusan a buɗe yake ga baƙi, akwai rufin katako don tsugunar da su kuma a rami, mai fadi sosai, ya zama lambu, wanda ɗayan ofan mora ne waɗanda suka wanzu a Turai.
Babu shakka bama-bamai na WWII sun sha wahala, amma an sake gina komai bisa ga ainihin shirye-shiryen don haka laya tana nan.
Abin da za a gani a Nuremberg
Ofishin yawon bude ido na cikin Cibiyar Al'adu, Kunstkulturquartier, kusa da tashar jirgin kasa, kodayake a tsakiyar filin, Hauptmarkt, akwai wani karamin ofishin. A wurare biyu kuna samun Nüremberg + Fürth katin yawon shakatawa » (Fürth shine sunan garin makwabta). Wannan katin yana ba ka damar amfani da sufuri na gida na kwana biyu a jere kuma ya bude kofar gidajen tarihi a cikin biranen biyu kyauta.
Ka tuna cewa Nuremberg ita ce birni na biyu mafi girma a Bavaria, tare da kusan shekaru dubu da ya kasance. Don haka, don fara tafiya babu wani abu mafi kyau kamar yin a na da tafiya. Kuma farkon abin sani shine kaisenburg, cibiyar siyasa da soja ta gari kuma daya daga cikin fadojin masarauta mafi mahimmanci a wancan lokacin.
A ƙafafunsa yana hutawa da kwalkwali na tarihi tare da tsoffin gidaje masu katako da yawa, misali Gidan Albrecht Dürer, ko Layin Tanner, wanda anan ne wadancan nau'ikan gidaje suka fi maida hankali. A bakin kogin kuma zaka sami Ma'ajin ruwan inabi da kuma tsoffin majami'u wadanda ke ba da suna ga unguwanni biyu na musamman na zamanin da: Cocin St. Sebald da na San Lauwrence.
La Cocin St. Sebaldus Tana da sassa biyu, yamma da gabas. A gefen yamma akwai Romanesque da farkon Gothic naves da hasumiyoyi, galibi daga ƙarni na XNUMX. A gefen gabas akwai zauren marigayi Gothic daga ƙarni na XNUMX. Wannan waliyyin karni na XNUMX shine maigidan birni kuma akwai kabarinsa, wanda Peter Vischer Dattijo ya tsara shi a 1510 a farkon salon Renaissance tare da wasu siffofin tagulla masu nuna al'amuran rayuwarsa.
A nata bangaren, da Cocin San Lorenzo, an fara gina shi a cikin karni na XNUMX amma ya ɗauki wasu centuriesan karni kaɗan kafin a gama shi. A yau salon da yafi rinjaye shine Late German Gothic, ko sondergotic. Ya kasance daya daga cikin coci-coci na farko da suka koma addinin Lutheran a cikin 1525. Oneaya daga cikin ƙaunatattun ƙa'idodin shi shine kyakkyawan alfarwa da Adam Kraft ya sassaka.
Wani tsohuwar lu'u-lu'u shine Gothic marmaro daga karni na XNUMXth, an tsara shi kamar hasumiyar cocin Gothic, tare da siffofin polychrome 40 akan matakan huɗu. Yana da kyau kuma yana can ƙarshen ƙarshen filin kasuwar.
Game da Nuremberg gidan kayan gargajiya mafi yawansu suna mai da hankali ne a wannan yankin. Bugu da kari, daga tsakiyar safiya har zuwa karfe 6:30 na yamma, komai yana tafiya ne a kafa kuma yana saukakawa masu tafiya zuwa da dawowa. To da Gidan Sarauta Gidan kayan gargajiya ne, an fara shi tun daga 1040 kuma yana da kyawawan kyawawan ɗakuna don ziyarta. Akwai kuma Majalisa, ginin karni na XNUMX, tare da kyakkyawan zauren Gothic da cellar tare da ɗakunan na da; ko da kyau XNUMXth karni Renaissance gini, da fembohaus, wanda ke magana da tarihin garin.
Sannan akwai kuma Gidan Tarihi na Jamusanci, Gidan Tarihi na Gidan Tarihi na Gidan Zamani, Gidan Tarihi na Lochgefängise, tsohon gidan yari na birni, da Gidan Tarihi na Asibiti XNUMXth karni, da m Gidan Tarihi na Tucherschloss hakan yana nuna rayuwar masu martaba ...
Wannan dangane da rayuwar zamanin da, amma tabbas Nuremberg a yau an fi saninta da rawar da ta taka a sanannen Gwajin Nuremberg a kan 'yan Nazi. A wannan ma'anar zaka iya ziyarci Dokuzentrum tare da tarihin tarukan jam'iyyar Nazi da ranakun da aka yi a Holocaust da Gwajin Memorium Nuremberg a Fadar Adalci wanda kuma shi ne dakin da tsakanin 1945 da 1946 aka gudanar da gwaji, jimla 21 a jimilce.
Ya kamata a yi wannan ziyarar a ranar Asabar, lokacin da babu wani zama kuma idan kuna fahimtar Turanci za ku iya ɗaukar jagorar odiyo wanda zai gaya muku labarin duka. A ranakun mako yana iya zama mai ɗan rikitarwa saboda ginin yana ci gaba da aiki.
Idan kuma kuna son tafiya ta wurare masu ban mamaki kuma basu da claustrophobia to zaku iya ziyartar abubuwan ban sha'awa hanyoyin wucewa cewa ɗaruruwan shekaru mazaunan birnin sun yi gini a ƙarƙashin titunanta. Fiye da hanyoyi masu wucewa sune vaults, cellars, jan ajiyar giya, mafi mashahuri a kusa da nan. Don haka, ban da na dungeons na da, kuna da waɗannan ƙwayoyin kuma har ila yau, an keɓe su don yin zane-zane a ƙarƙashin ginin.
Bugu da kari, Nuremberg yana baiwa maziyarta wasu nau'ikan abubuwan jan hankali. Misali, shi Gidan Tarihi na Jamusanci, tare da locomotives, jirgin sarauta na Sarki Ludwig II ... Kamar yadda kake gani, ziyarar garin na iya zama mai ban sha'awa sosai. Inara a cikin abincin gida, tsiran alade, dankalin turawa, stew, naman wasa, ɗan giya mai kyau kuma kuna da babban ƙwaƙwalwar Nuremberg.