Kune nzira mbiri dzekuziva Spain uye neSpanish tsika. Yokutanga ndeyekushanyira nyika, kushanyira mataundi nemaguta ayo, kunakidzwa nenzvimbo dzayo, kunakidzwa nekugwinya kwayo uye kushanyira mamuseum ayo nezvivakwa. Imwe ndeyekuenda kuNew York uye kunopinda muSpanish Society of America, iyo hombe Spain tsika yemumiriri kunze kwenyika.
Chikamu chakanakisa icho Spain chakakwanisa kupa nyika chinowanikwa mune yakakurumbira institution iri muManhattan yakagadzirwa mu1904 neAmerican philanthropist uye Hispanicist Archer Milton Hungary. Zvino, nekuda kwechiratidziro «Zviratidzo zveiyo Nyika yeSpanish. Pfuma yeHispanic Society yeAmerica »kubva kuPrado Museum veEuropean vane mukana wekushanyira muunganidzwa wakakura kwazvo wehunyanzvi hweSpanish kunze kweSpain. (ine zvidimbu zvinodarika zviuru gumi nezvisere), musanganiswa wePrado Museum, National Archaeological Museum uye National Library yeSpain mumashoko emutungamiriri weSpanish Society uye muchengeti wechiratidziro, Mitchell A. Codding.
Kubva muna Kubvumbi 4 kusvika Gunyana 10, "Visiones del mundo hispánico. Pfuma yeSpanish Society of America » chiratidziro chinounza pamwechete seti yemakumi maviri neshanu emabasa (kupenda, chivezwa, zvinyorwa, zvigadzirwa zvekushongedza uye zvidimbu zvekuchera matongo nemachira) izvo zvakatora makore 214 enhoroondo.
Chiratidziro ichi chakafungidzirwa semutero kuna Archer Milton Huntington (1870-1955), muvambi weSpanish Society of America muNew York yekuparadzira nekudzidza tsika dzeSpanish muUnited States.
Ndiani aive Archer Milton Huntington?
Akazvarwa muBronx, aive mwanakomana weindasitiri kubva kwaari waakagara nhaka yehumwe hupfumi hwenyika. Achingori achiri kuyaruka akafamba kekutanga kuParis neLondon. Ikoko akashamiswa nehupfumi hweLouvre neBritish Museum uye yaive muguta guru reBritish paakatenga bhuku nemunyori wechiChirungu George Borrow pamaSpanish gypsies. Izvi zvakamutsa kufarira kwake mutsika dzechiSpanish. Paakasvitsa makore makumi maviri, akafamba nenyika yedu kakawanda uye akadanana netsika yedu. Ndokusaka akafunga kupira hupenyu hwake mukufunda nekuparadzira tsika dzevaSpanish, achigadzira raibhurari uye miziyamu muNew York.
Nekudaro, kutenderedza 1900, akatanga kutenga mabasa ekuunganidza kwake panguva iyo hondo muCuba yakanga yakanganisa mukurumbira wechiSpanish muUnited States. Zvishoma nezvishoma yakanga ichikurisa muunganidzwa wayo kusvika yachengeta zvinhu mazana manomwe nemakumi manomwe ezviuru zvine hukama neIberian Peninsula, America nePhilippines.
Chii chinonzi Hispanic Society yeAmerica senge?
Inowanikwa paBroadway Avenue pakati pemigwagwa ye155 ne156 muNew York, iyo Puerto Rico Society yeAmerica inzvimbo yakagadzirirwa kudzidza nekuparadzira tsika dzeSpanish muUnited States. Iyo inoumbwa nemuseum uye raibhurari iyo inokwezva zviuru zvevanhu gore rega rega kunyangwe isingawanikwe padyo nemamuseum makuru eBig Apple.
Iine vashandi veanenge makumi matatu, iyo Hispanic Society yeAmerica yakabhadharwa zvachose pachivande. Yaro bhajeti yegore rose yakatenderedza mamirioni mana emadhora: inopfuura hafu inouya kubva kumari yechikoro pachayo uye kubva kumatirastii akasiiwa naHuntington. Uye zvakare, ivo vanogamuchira zvipo uye mari inokwidziridzwa kuburikidza nemabasa akasiyana siyana, senge gala regore rino.
Iri sangano rinoedza kwazvo kushambadzira tsika dzevaSpanish pakati pevaAmerica, vamwe vacho vanowanzo nyonganisa tsika dzeAmerican American neSpanish. Asi zvakare pakati pevaSpanish, nekuti akange ambopa zvikwereti zvakakosha zvekuratidzira paThyssen Museum kana iyo Prado Museum. Yakanyanya kuzivikanwa kusvika parinhasi yaive "Vision yeSpain" iyo muna 2009 yakabata mapaneru gumi nemana akadhirowewa naJoaquín Sorolla kuitira iyo tsika pane tsika netsika dzematunhu akasiyana enyika. Uyo akagamuchira 14 vashanyi uye chiratidziro chiripo chinovimbisa kudarika iyo nhamba.
Hispanic Society yeAmerica kuPrado Museum
Mufananidzo | Nyika
Hupfumi hwayo hwese hukuru hwakanga husati hwambobva kuNew York, asi kusvika musi waGunyana 10 tine mukana wekuvaona kuPrado Museum muMadrid. Mushure mezvo, chiratidziro ichi chichaona mamiziyamu akati wandei muUnited States (Albuquerque Museum muNew Mexico, Museum of Fine Arts muHouston…) uye pamwe ichaendawo kuMexico.
Iyo yeHispanic inokoshesa mamwe emabasa zviuru gumi neshanu ehunyanzvi, anosanganisira zvidimbu zvekuchera matongo, kupenda, madhirowa, zvivezwa, zvinhu zvekushongedza, zvishongo, machira ... kubva kuPaleolithic kusvika muzana ramakore rechi18.000 60% yemabasa haasati amboratidzwa muSpain.
Mufananidzo | Nhoroondo uye Archaeology
MuPrado iwe uchaona idiki asi yakasarudzika sarudzo. Iyo nzira iyo inofungidzirwa inotanga mumireniyamu yechitatu BC nePaleolithic ceramics uye inosvika muzana ramakore rechiXNUMX nemifananidzo yaSorolla, Zuloaga kana Ramón Casas, pakati pevamwe. Kunze kwekuchera matongo ekare nemabasa evapendi kubva panguva yaHuntington, chiratidziro chinosanganisira chivezwa cheRoma, chiFenike, chiVisigothiki, Hispano-Muslim, Christian Middle Ages, hunyanzvi hwekoloni, hunyanzvi hweGolden Age, zvishongo, zvinyorwa, mabhuku incunabula, mepu, zvinyorwa zvemutemo uye yakareba etcetera. Hazvina maturo iye akamanikidza kutora dzimba dzese dzenguva pfupi dzebapiro reJerónimos, uko kwakanyorwa zvakare nezvezvinyorwa zveAmerican philanthropist, New York uye nenguva yake.
Nesangano rakasarudzika reBBVA Foundation, chiratidziro «Visiones del mundo hispánico. Pfuma yeHispanic Society yeAmerica »ichave yakavhurika kune veruzhinji muJerónimos Kuvaka kwePrado Museum. Zvakare, uku kubatana pamwe nePrado kwakashanda kudzoreredza kupenya kwekutanga nekubwinya kune mamwe magirazi akajeka eGoya neVelázquez senge La Duquesa de Alba kana Portrait yeMusikana, zvichiteerana.