America inyika yakapfuma mutsika uye nhoroondo uye chikamu chepakati chine nhaka yakakura yeMayan iyo isingagumiri kuMexico, sekufunga kungaita vamwe vasipo. Kuno kuCentral America kuri Guatemala uye nhasi tichataura nezvazvo tsika dzavo.
Ukatarisa pamepu uchaona kuti nyika idiki, asi chokwadi ndechekuti kuomarara kwayo kwejogirafi kunounza pamwe mamiriro ekunze akasiyana siyana nenzvimbo. Sezvo paine masango anogara achinaya kune mamwe mangrove uye sekungovapo Nesimba Hispanic nhaka el mayan legacy inotiwo present.
Guatemala
Munguva dzekoloni, iyo nzvimbo yeGuatemalan Yaive chikamu cheViceroyalty yeNew Spain asi isati yave yake Mayan naOlmec. Kuzvitonga kwakauya muna 1821, payakave Humambo hweGuatemala uye ndokuzove chikamu cheUkutanga Humambo hweMexico uye Federal Republic yeCentral America, kusvika pakupedzisira muna 1874 nyika iripo yakazvarwa.
Hupenyu hwematongerwo enyika echikamu chino cheAmerica chakaratidzirwa ne kusagadzikana, hudzvanyiriri nehondo dzevagari vemo. Pano zvese zvakapera muna 1996 uye kubvira ipapo zvinhu zvakadzikama, kunyangwe izvo hazvireve kuti hurombo nekusaenzana zvakasiiwa kumashure.
Sezvatakataura pamusoro ine jogirafi dzakasiyana. Iine makomo mazhinji, mahombekombe paPacific uye mangrove saka fara zvikuru Kwakasiyana Biological izvo zvinoenderana pamwe nekushamisa tsika dzakasiyana. Kune mitauro yakawanda anopfuura mapoka emitauro makumi maviri muchokwadi, muhuwandu hwakazara hwevagari vevanhu vakatenderedza zviuru gumi nezvishanu nemakumi manomwe nevashanu zvevanhu.
Kune varungu, kune vatema, vashoma kwazvo maAsia, vanhu vemo uye vazhinji mestizo, vaviri ava vangangoenzana muzvikamu.
Tsika dzeGuatemala
Sezvo kune akawanda mitauro mitauro mumwe nemumwe ane zvavo zvekupfeka zvine zviratidzo zvavo, masitayera uye mavara kunyangwe iri yero yero, pink, tsvuku uye bhuruu varipo Hembe dzinopenya chaizvo pano uye ndidzo protagonists.
Semuenzaniso, mumakomo eAltos Cuchumatanes, vakadzi veguta reNebaj vanopfeka masiketi matsvuku nemabhandi eyero, vane bhanhire uye yechinyakare bluzi blouse inonzi huipil. Murume akapfeka bhachi rakavhurika neheti yemuchindwe nebhurugwa.
Kune dzimwe nzvimbo, semuenzaniso mutaundi reSantiago raMayan mavambo, uko huipil yevakadzi iri yepepuru, ine mabhandi uye micheka yemaruva nemhuka. Chokwadi ndechekuti paunonyanya kufamba neGuatemala, iyo yakawanda mhando iwe yaunogona kuwana mune yechinyakare mbatya. Dzese dzichava dzakanaka kwauri.
Asi makadii maGuatemalans? Zvakanaka zvinonzi ndeechinyakare chaizvo uye kuti kunyangwe iri nyika yemazuvano tsika dzekutanga-dzeSpanish neSpanish dzichiripo zvakanyanya. Semuenzaniso, mazororo echitendero muenzaniso wakanaka. Ndiyo mamiriro ekurangarira kwe mazuva evatsvene neMweya Mutsvene pakati paNovember 1 na2, mutambo une pre-Puerto Rico mavambo ayo zuva rekutanga risingarangarirwe.
MaGuatemalans vagara vanokudza vakafa, kare chiKristu chisati chaitika, uyezve vaive makoloni vakatora mhemberero idzi ndokuzviita yavo vega kukwezva vanhu vezvizvarwa zvavo. Kwemazuva iwayo mhuri dzinosvika kumakuva dzosiya chikafu nekumwa mutsika inonzi musoroa.
Iyi tsika ndeyekare uye kuwedzerwa kwekudya kunonzi kuomarara chinova chiSpanish.
VaSpanish vakaunza mombe uye mhuka dzekurima uye vanhu veko vakagadzirisa zvese. Iyo yakakurumbira nyama inotonhora inosvika makumi mashanu ezvigadzirwa uye inotaridzika senge inotonhora saladhi. VaSpanish vakatorawo tsika yekuunza maruva kumakuva uye munguva pfupi yapfuura, senge tsika dzese dzekurarama, mariachis akaonekwa mumakuva uye muna Gumiguru isingazivikanwe Halloween.
Kana mazana emakore kutonga kwezvematongerwo enyika kusati kwaunza tsika dzayo, nhasi kutonga kwetsika nehupfumi kunounza kwayo.
Rimwe zororo rakakurumbira kwazvo reKaturike ndiro Holy Week. Iyo inopembererwa kunyanya nekusimbiswa kukuru muAntigua uko kune mafambiro marefu uye makapeti akanaka, anonzi sawmill rugs, ane mavara uye ane michero uye maruva dhizaini, ayo varume vemudungwe, vakapfeka shava, vanotsika. Kisimusi isati yasvika pane mutambo wechinyakare uyo une chimiro chetsika yekuchenesa: vanhu vanounganidza tsvina yese yekare voipisa pamberi pemba yavo musi waZvita 7.
Bato iri rinonzi anopisa dhiabhori.
Uye hongu, iyo Navidad nekufora kwakawanda, mafirework uye zviitiko zvekuzvarwa mumachechi. Zvita 24 ndi kupemberera dzimba dzevaeni imomo manheru emusi wa24 pane mafambiro ane mifananidzo yeMhandara Maria neMwana Jesu nevana vakapfeka sevafudzi vane matambureni, maketeni nemakenduru kana marambi. Sezvavanofamba vanoimba nziyo dzeKisimusi uye vaviri uye pamwe chete nechingwa chinotapira kana tamale vanopedza kusvika pakati pehusiku.
Una Mutambo unobatanidza muKristu neiyo pre-Hispanic ndiyo mutambo weBlack Christ weEsquipulas. Iyo tsika yakagovaniswa naEl Salvador, Honduras neGuatemala uye inoenderana nevamwari vatema veEk Chua kana Ek Balam Chua. Zvinoitika chaizvo muChiquimula, pamuganhu katatu, muna Ndira.
Dzimwe tsika, dzisisina hukama nechiKristu, ndidzo Ribbon nhangemutange kana Mutambo weJongwe, mune mvumo inokumbirwa kubva kuvatsvene naAmai Pasi uye vatasvi vanopfeka zvipfeko zvine mavara, zvitsvuku, minhenga uye ribhoni.
Chekupedzisira, kana tikaisa parutivi zororo rechitendero tinokwanisa kubatana ne mhemberero dzemagariro. Isu tese tinopemberera yedu mazuva ekuzvarwa uye kuno kuGuatemala vanhu vanowanzo pisa maroketi na5 mangwanani uye vanodya tamale nechokoreti nechingwa cheFrance pakudya kwemangwanani. Kune vana, pati haigone kupotsa. Uye kana zvasvika pakuroora, chinhu chinowanzoitika, zvirinani mumhuri dzechinyakare, ndechekuti chikomba chinokumbira vatezvara ruoko rwemusikana wavo uye kuti kune bato rebachelor rakaparadzana, rimwe rake uye rimwe rake.
Chokwadi ndechekuti nyika dzeAmerica dzave nekuvapo kukuru kweSpain, nekuda kwehupfumi hwavo uye nekugadzira hunyanzvi hwekukunda zvigaro zvakazadza homwe yekorona, nhasi inochengetedza tsika zhinji dzezvitendero nedzemagariro idzo mune dzimwe nyika dzakatosara mukukanganwa kana kusununguka zvakanyanya.