Basilica yeVirgen de Atocha | Mufananidzo ne Skyscrapercity
Pedyo nePaza de Carlos V muMadrid, inozivikanwa seAtocha, ndiyo Basilica yeWedu Mukadzi weAtocha. Nhoroondo yaro ine kwayakatangira mukuzvipira kumufananidzo mudiki weMhandara unounzwa kubva kuAndiyoki maererano nengano. Parutivi payo pane iyo Pantheon yeVarume Vanobwinya uko vezvematongerwo enyika nehunhu vezana ramakore reXNUMXth vakavigwa.
Idzi ndidzo mbiri dzenzvimbo dzinonakidza dzekushanyira muguta guru reSpain, asi vanoenda vasingazivikanwe nevashanyi vazhinji vanoshanyira Madrid. Ndosaka nhasi tichitora nzendo kuburikidza nenhoroondo yechechi uye nepadheon, zviyeuchidzo zviviri zvakabatana zvakanyanya nevakuru venyika. Unogona here kuenda nesu?
Basilica yeMukadzi wedu weAtocha
Pakati pezana ramakore regumi nerimwe, imba yechinyakare yakavakwa, iyo nekufamba kwenguva yakaderera kusvikira kereke hombe neDominican convent zvasikwa muzana ramakore rechiXNUMX. Mutsigiri wayo aive Fray Juan Hurtado de Mendoza, kureurura kwaMambo Carlos V. Kubva ipapo, mhuri yehumambo yeSpain yakanzwa fungidziro yeMhandara yeAtocha, ichitova njere yekukunda kwehondo kwaFelipe II. Aigara achiuya kwaari kuzobatsirwa naMwari uye kupa kutenda nekuda kwake.
Felipe IV akamudana muna 1643 mudziviriri wehumambo nehumambo hweSpain. Nekudaro, pakutanga kwezana ramakumi maviri, Mambokadzi Regent María Cristina de Habsburgo-Lorena akatanga tsika yekuratidzira machinda matsva akaberekerwa Mhandara yeAtocha.
Mukati meBasilica yeAtocha
Mushure mekupambwa kwemauto aNapoleon kutanga kwezana ramakore rechiXNUMX, chivakwa chakadzorerwa uye mushure mokutorerwa imba yemamongi yeDominican yakashandurwa ikava imba yemaoko yevakaremara. Nekuda kwenzvimbo yakashatiswa iyo yakasvika kuma 1890, Mambokadzi Regent María Cristina akapa basa reBasilica nyowani yeMhandara yeAtocha muEastern Roman maitiro uye kuvaka kwePanheon yeVarume Vanobwinya kwakarairwa.
Hondo yeVanhu vaizoita dhende mukereke sezvo yainge yakabatidzwa moto, ichirasa mabasa ese eumhizha kunze kwemufananidzo weMhandara yeAtocha iyo yaimbove yakavanzwa mumusha wega. Izvo zvaisazove kusvika makore gumi gare gare apo basa rekudzoreredza rakatanga, kutora mukana weimwe chikamu chemasvingo aivepo asi kubvisa chero chisaririra chekushongedza kweByzantine.
Kutenderedza makumi matanhatu ema60 ezana ramakore rechimakumi maviri, chikoro cheVirgen de Atocha chakavakwa kutungamira pamusoro penzvimbo yemahara yemisasa yemahara nenzvimbo dzekutamba
Basilica yeMhandara yeAtocha iri paAvenida Ciudad de Barcelona nº 1 muMadrid.
Chii chakaita Basilica yeMhandara yeAtocha?
Iyi basilica ine nave imwechete, mativi emakamuri uye maberere pakati pemabhureki, yakadzikisira vault ine lunettes uye semicircular chapel kumusoro. Iyo façade iri kutsoka, yechinyakare dhizaini, yakavezwa neketatu kona uye yakakomberedzwa neshongwe mbiri ine slate spire mu "Austrian maitiro". Nzvimbo yemachechi, ine chirongwa che "L", yakasungirirwa kumusoro, ichiumba chivharo chine purani yakatenderera.
Pantheon yeVarume Vanobwinya
Mufananidzo | Flickr naS. López Mufundisi
Iyo Pantheon yeVarume Vanopenya inopindura maviri eakaomarara ekupera kwezana ramakore: nhoroondo yezvakavakwa zvekuvakwa uye chivezwa chemariro. Chikonzero icho chinotsanangura kuti nei nzvimbo yemariro ye "varume vedu vane mbiri" inodzokera muna 1837, apo maCortes Generales vakavhota pachirongwa chekushandura kereke yeSan Francisco el Grande kuti ive National Pantheon yeVarume Vanobwinya. Ava vanofanirwa kusarudzwa neMatare makore makumi mashanu mushure mekufa kwavo. Mazita mazhinji akataurwa, achirasa avo vane zvisaririra zvekufa zvaisakwanisa kuwanikwa (Cervantes, Velázquez, Tirso de Molina, nezvimwewo)
Pakupedzisira iyi nyika yekutanga yakavhurwa muna 1869, ichitora zvasara zvevananyanduri Juan de Mena, Garcilaso de la Vega naAlonso de Ercilla; mauto Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba (Mukuru Mukuru) naFederico Gravina; Mutongi Mukuru weAragon Juan de Lanuza; vanyori Francisco de Quevedo naPedro Calderón de la Barca uye mapurani Ventura Rodríguez naJuan de Villanueva. Nekudaro, makore akazotevera vakadzoserwa kunzvimbo dzavakaberekerwa, iyo yakavhara kwechinguva pfungwa yekugadzira nyika yenyika.
Regent mambokadzi María Cristina, chirikadzi yaMambo Alfonso XII, vakatora pfungwa iyi muna 1890 uye vakasarudza kugovera chikamu chenzvimbo yeramangwana Basilica yeMhandara yeAtocha nekuda kwechinangwa ichi. Sarudzo yenzvimbo ino yaive nekuda kwekuti hunhu hwakadai saJosé de Palafox, Francisco Castaños, Manuel Gutiérrez de la Concha kana Juan Prim vakavigwa imomo, sezvo vaive vatungamiriri vezvivakwa zveInvalides izvo zvakagoneswa muchikamu cheichi chivharo. mushure mekubva kuSpain kwemauto eNapoleon.
Mushure mekunge Pantheon yeVarume Vanobwinya yapera, muna 1901 zvisaririra zveavo vambotaurwa zvakatamisirwa kwairi asi, sezvazvaizoitika neavo vezvematongerwo enyika vakavigwa imomo mumakore akazotevera, vazhinji vakaendeswazve kune dzimwe nzvimbo, dzakataurwa nemaguta avo e mabviro.
Parizvino gumi nematatu anoyevedza manhamba kubva kuSpanish ezvematongerwo enyika nevechiuto nhoroondo vanozorora pano mumakuva akagadzirwa nevanoveza zvivezwa vakaita saAgustín Querol kana Mariano Benilliure. Pakati pevanhu vatinogona kuwana ndevaya: Ríos Rosas, Cánovas del Castillo, José de Canalejas, Palafox, Castaños, Prim naConcha, pakati pevamwe.
Iyo Pantheon yeVarume Vanobwinya iri pa3 Julián Gayarre mugwagwa muMadrid. Inovhura kubva Chipiri kusvika Mugovera kubva 10am. kusvika 14. uye kubva 16h. na18pm. uye neSvondo uye mazororo kubva 10am. na15pm.