India Inyika hombe ine vagari vanopfuura bhiriyoni 1300, izvo zvinoita kuti ive yechipiri nyika ine vanhu vakawanda pasi rose. Inozivikanwa se subcontinent sezvo iine mitauro yakakura, genetic, uye tsika, yechipiri kuAfrica chete.
Mamirioni avanhu anoumba nzanga yakaoma zvikuru uye kusiyana-siyana kunoratidzirwa, somuenzaniso, mumadzinza akawanda. Vamwe chete ndivo vakanyoreswa zviri pamutemo uye vakachengetedzwa mukati mebumbiro remitemo uye tichataura nezvavo nhasi: maIndian madzinza.
Marudzi eIndia
Zvinoenderana nechinyorwa 342 chebumbiro reIndia, izvo zvinonzi Marudzi Akarongwa ndiwo madzinza kana nharaunda dzemadzinza, kana zvikamu zvemapoka mukati memarudzi iwayo nenharaunda, akawana kuzivikanwa kwakadaro nehurumende.
Mukati memadzinza aya vazhinji vajaira uye zvakabatanidzwa muupenyu hwemazuva ano, asi kunewo mamwe mapoka ane kuvapo kuri panjodzi zvakanyanya. Nhasi, kune hurongwa hwepamutemo hunosiyanisa boka iri pasi pezita reMapoka Ane Vulnerable Tribal Groups. Ndeupi ruzivo rwakanyanya kukosha nezvemadzinza eIndia?
- Vanogara matunhu makumi matatu. Nzvimbo yeMadhya Pradesh ine 30% yehuwandu, ichiteverwa neMaharashtra ine 14.7%. Vamwe vane madzinza asi havana kunyoreswa.
- Kune mazana manomwe neshanu emarudzi akanyoreswa ega ega
- Vanomiririra vanhu vane mamiriyoni e104, kureva, 8.6% yehuwandu hwehuwandu hwenyika, uye zvinonyanya kugara munzvimbo dzine masango ane makomo nemakomo.
- chaizvoizvo vari madzinza akaparadzaniswa nenzvimbo, netsika yakati, ne hunhu hwechinyakarekusangana kudiki uye kutya nenharaunda huru uye hupfumi hwekudzokera shure.
gond tribe
Dzinza iri rinowanikwa kunyanya mu central india uye mudunhu reChhindwara reMadhya Pradesh, asiwo munzvimbo dzeAbndra Pradesh neOrissa. Kana vatashanyi vachiyemura, semuenzaniso, iyo Sanchi stupa kana mifananidzo yakaisvonaka yeKhajuraho, ivo vari pedyo zvikuru nedondo reGodi uye vanhu ava.
Rudzi rweGond idzinza rekumusha, iro gara mudzimba dzine mavaraMadhaka-akavezwa, vanopfeka saris nezvishongo, uye vanopemberera mitambo ine mavara seMadai naKeslapur. Havasi vegetarian uye nyama chikamu chinokosha chekudya kwavo.
Bhil Tribe
Ivo vanhu avo gara muRajasthan saka kana iwe uchizofunga nezve inoyevedza uye inoyevedza mizinda uye temberi dzeJain iwe uchaona mararamiro evanhu ava. Ivo vanogara zvakanyanya munzvimbo dzeAravali dzeSirohi, muUdaipur, uye zvakare mune dzimwe nzvimbo muDungarpur neBanswara, ese ari maviri matunhu eRajasthan. Vamwe vanogarawo mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzeMadhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Triura neGujarat.
Muna Ndira naFebruary, mitambo yetsika yakakosha inoitika, senge Baneshwar Fair, nekutamba kwakajairika kweGhoomar uye Than Gair theatre.
Shanthal Tribe
Ndiyo imwe yemadzinza makuru uye akakosha muWest Bengal, uye ivo vanoonekwa kunyanya mumatunhu eBanuka nePurulia, muzvikamu zveBihar, Jharkhand, Odisha neAssam. Kana uchida kuona vanhu ava chiso nechiso, rwendo rwunogona kutanga muCalcutta, guta guru reIndia, vakananga kutemberi dzeTerracotta dzeBishnupur neBolpur.
Dzinza iri ndi kurima rudzi nekupfuya mombe, kunyange zvazvo variwo vavhimi vakanaka. Vane mimhanzi inoshamisa uye kutamba uye ndiyo inonyanya kukwezva kune mufambi. Ndicho chikonzero mhemberero dzayo dzakakurumbira zvikuru: Maghe, Baba Bonga, Karam, Sahrai, Ero, Asaria, Namah, Disum Sendra.
Khasi Tribe
rudzi urwu anogara mumakomo asinganzwisisike eMeghalaya uye vanhu vanoimba zvikuru vanozunza ngoma, magitare, nyere, nyere, makwakwakwa esimbi… Vanhu ava vanogara muKhasi Hills kuMeghalaya, uye munzvimbo dzeAssam, Manipur, Arunachal Pradesh neWest Bengal.
Zvakakodzera kutora chikamu mune Nongkrem Festival, mutambo unoshamisira wemazuva mashanu une mavara.
Garo Tribe
rudzi urwu ari matriarchal, imwe yemasangano mashoma ematriarchal munyika yose. Ivo vanonyanya kugara muzvikomo zveMeghalaya, kana nzvimbo dzakavakidzana dzeBangladesh uye zvikamu zveWest Bengal, Nagaland neAssam.
Zviri nyore kwazvo kusiyanisa dzinza iri nemamwe sezvo vakadzi vanozvishongedza nezvishongo zvechivanhu uye varume vanopfeka ngowani mumisoro yavo ine minhenga yakawanda. Dzimba dzavo zvakare dzakavanzika, saka iva nechokwadi chekutora mafoto muNokpante, Jamsireng, Jamadaal kana Nokmong, uye zvechokwadi, kutora chikamu muAsanang Wangala Mutambo.
Angami Tribe
rudzi urwu anogara kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweIndia, Nagaland. Iri rimwe remadzinza makurusa mune iri dunhu renyika, rine kuvapo kwakasimba mudunhu reKohima. Vanhu vanozivikanwa nekugadzira zvinhu zvemushenjere, fenicha yenzimbe, mibhedha, nemabhemba.
Varume vanopfeka zvitema nezvichena uye vakadzi vakapfeka zvishongo, mhete nemaparera. Zvese zviri zviviri zvinoshamisa. Nguva yakanaka yekusangana nerudzi urwu inguva Hornbill Festival.
World Tribe
Iri dzinza rinonyanya kugara muChota Nagpur neJharkhand plateau, West Bengal, Bihar, Odisha kana Chhattisgarh. Idzinza rine a mararamiro ari nyore zvikuru, vanotevera chitendero cheSarna nokudaro, vanotenda muna mwari anonzi Singonga.
Mhemberero dzayo dzakanyanya kukosha ndeye Mage, Karam, Sarhul uye Phagu, nguva dzese dzinokwezva vafambi vanobva kunzvimbo zhinji dzepasi.
Bhutia Tribe
rudzi urwu inotonga nzvimbo yakavharwa yeSikkim, pamuganhu chaipo neHimalayas. Ivo vanhu vanozivikanwa kwazvo netsika dzavo, hunyanzvi hwavo uye chikafu chavo. Kudya kwake kwakakurumbira ndiko amai, dumplings yakabikwa yakazadzwa nenyama.
Nguva yakanakisa yekuenda kune ino chikamu cheIndia uye kusangana nevanhu ava inguva Loosong Mutambo uye Losar Mutambo, mitambo yakakurumbira yakazara neruvara, chitendero, unyanzvi nemimhanzi.
Chenchu Tribe
Dzinza iri rakagara kwezviuru zvemakore Andhra Pradesh, mune mhute Nallamala Hills. Vanorarama hupenyu hwakaoma, vanogara vachivimba nekuvhima uye zvigadzirwa zvinopihwa nesango semichero, midzi, maruva, uchi uye akasiyana machubhu.
Irwo rudzi rwemiitiro yakawanda, pashure pokunge vane vamwari navamwarikadzi vazhinji, uye ndizvo chaizvoizvo zvinokwezva vafambi vanouya kuzosangana navo.
Kodava Tribe
Imwe yenzvimbo huru dzekushanya dzerudzi urwu kuwirirana uye tsika dzayo. Vanoda mimhanzi uye kutamba uye izvo zvakanyanya mumitambo yayo yakakosha sePuttari Mutambo, iyo Kaveri Sankramana uye Kailpodhu.
Es imwe yemadzinza akasiyana eIndia, anogara achizivikanwa nekuda kwehushingi hwake, uye kunyangwe nhasi kugona kwake uye huchenjeri hwake husisiri kurwa, unogona kuvaona panguva yehondo. Kodava Hockey Mutambo. Hongu, hockey! Vese varume nevakadzi vanoda mutambo uyu.
Toto Tribe
Icho chiri pamusoro rimwe remadzinza akaparadzaniswa nemamwe marudzi ose eIndia. Anogara mumusha weTotopara, mudunhu reJalpaiguri kune west bengal. Vanotakura a mararamiro ari nyore zvikuru y zvinoenderana nemichero nemiriwo. Kunyange zvazvo vachizviti vaBuddha, vanodavirawo muna mwari Ishpa namwarikadzi Cheima.
Kana iwe uchizoshanyira Jaldapara National Park, imwe yeanonyanya kufarirwa munyika, angori makiromita makumi maviri kubva kuTotopara, unogona kuishanyira.
Tinogona kuenderera mberi nekunyora uye kutsanangura maIndian madzinza: Irula, Nyishi, Boo, Warli, Toda, Kurumban, Soliga, Siddis, Birhor, Korku nezvimwe zvakawanda. Ichokwadi ndechokuti paunodzidza nezveIndia unoona kuoma kwenyika ino, hupfumi hwayo hukuru hwetsika uye dambudziko guru rinobatanidzwa mukuitonga uye kuibudisa muhurombo hwakanyanya umo chikamu chikuru chevanhu vayo chinogara.