marudzi eAfrica

maasai dance

ari marudzi eAfrica Iwo mubatanidzwa wezviuru zvemakore zvenhau. Kazhinji, havana chekuita nemiganhu yemazuva ano pakati penyika dzinoumba kondinendi, sezvo idzi dzakaiswa mu decolonization process. Zvisinei, marudzi iwayo akanga atovapo kare vaEurope vasati vasvika.

Iwe unofanirwa kugara uchifunga izvozvo Africa Inotora zvikamu makumi maviri kubva muzana zvevhu rakabuda uye ine gumi neshanu pahuwandu hwenyika. Naizvozvo, kubva Morocco kusvikira Cape of Good Hope uye kubva Senegal vakakwira Somaria Tsika nemagariro asingaverengeki zvakatanga kwemazana emakore. Zvakawanda zvekuti hazvingabviri kukuudza pamusoro pazvo zvose. Naizvozvo, isu tichazviita kubva kune vanomiririra uye vane ruzivo madzinza eAfrica.

rudzi rwezulu

Zulu

a zulu wedding

Kuti tinyatsotaura chokwadi, tinofanira kutaura nezve zulu ethnicity, sezvo ichiumbwa nevanhu vanenge mamiriyoni gumi. Inobva kudunhu reSouth Africa re KwaZulu-Natal, kunyange zvazvo yakapararira kunharaunda dze Zimbabwe, Zambia y Mozambiki.

Zvinotendwa kuti ine mavambo ayo mudzinza rakavambwa pakutanga kwezana ramakore rechi XNUMX, kunyange zvazvo vatova muzana ramakore iroro vaitengesa namaPutukezi. Mutungamiriri wayo mukuru wekutanga aive senzagakona, akatanga kubatanidzwa kwemarudzi akasiyana. Zvisinei, zvaizova diiswayo uyo akasika kudanwa Humambo hweZulu, inozivikanwawo seZululand.

Kukosha kwavo kuchapihwa nekuti vakakwanisa kurwa hondo nemaBritish muna 1879. Vakakundwa, asi vakaunza vaEurope kumawere. Panzvimbo pezvo, ndivo vakarasikirwa norusununguko rwavo uye havana kuzoruwanazve. Zvisinei, vanoramba vachizvibatanidza ivo vamene kuva mhuri dzinopa mutero kuchiremera chamambo.

Nekune rimwe divi, mutauro unotaurwa nevaZulu unobva bantú uye chitendero chake vamwari vakawanda. Vanopa rukudzo, kunyanya kuna vamwari vanoumba zvinhu zvechisikigo zvakaita sepasi, zuva kana mvura. Chinonyanya kukosha, zvisinei, ndechokuti umvelinqangi, iyo inomirirwa nokutinhira nokudengenyeka kwapasi. Kana iri nzira yavo yokurarama nayo, vakanga vari vanhu varwi, asi zvino zvava nani varimi uye varimi. Vanoita barika uye vane vana vakawanda. Kutaura idi, kana varipo vakawanda, mhuri yavo inotokosha zvikuru. Pakupedzisira, kutamba kwavo kwakasiyana kwava nemukurumbira, panguva iyo vanoita sevanodedera.

vanhu vaMursi

Mursi mukadzi

Mukadzi weMursi ane hunhu ndiro pamiromo yake

Zvishoma zvishoma pane zvakapfuura, sezvo iine vanhu vangangosvika zviuru zvipfumbamwe, dzinza iri rinobva Ethiopia. Uye, kunyanya, kubva munharaunda ye Central Omo. Zvirokwazvo wakaona shumo pamusoro pake uye uchamuziva nokuti kazhinji vanopfeka ndiro dzevhu dzakaiswa mumiromo nomunzeve dzavo.

Vanotaura mutauro wakaoma unonzi, chaizvo, Mursi uye ndewemitauro yeNilo-Saharan. Kana iri sangano ravo rezvemagariro evanhu, ivo vakaiswa mumapoka uye vanotungamirirwa ne kudhonzwa o matare evakuru. Chitendero chavo chinopa rukudzo kusimba guru rinonzi tumwi, iyo inogona kuiswa muzvikamu zvakawanda. Somuenzaniso, shiri kana muraraungu.

Kune rumwe rutivi, iyo yemidziyo haisi iyo yega tsika inoda kuziva yeMursi. Varume vake vakapenda miviri yavo nechoko chena ndokuisa Dunga, hondo yomutambo netsvimbo umo vakundi vanowana ruremekedzo rwavamwe uyewo maruramiro okusarudza mudzimai.

Economically, vanorarama kunze kwe agriculture, kunyanya kubva mukurimwa kwemhunga nechibage, kunyangwe vachinhongawo huchi. Saizvozvowo, ivo ranchers, kunyanya mombe. Sezvo richivapa zvokudya, vanoriremekedza zvikuru. Kuti vauraye mombe, vanopfura museve kwavanenge vachifunga kuti haukuvadzi. Vanobva vamwa ropa rayo vogeza mariri nekuti vanoona sekuti rinomutsiridza.

Maasai, rimwe remadzinza ane mukurumbira muAfrica

Masai

Maasai, rimwe remadzinza ane mukurumbira muAfrica

Iri guta richazivikanwa kwauri nekuti rakave nekuvepo munhau nekuda kwetsika dzaro uye hupenyu hwaro hwenhando. Wakatokwanisa kuzviona mumafirimu akadai murungu maasai. Iye anobva kumaodzanyemba kwe Kenya uye kuchamhembe kwe Tanzania uye inosanganisira, vangangosvika, mazana mapfumbamwe ezviuru zvevanhu pamwe chete.

Mutauro wake ndewe maa kana maasai, iro riri reboka reNilotic, rinotaurwawo nemamwe madzinza seaya anogara kuSouth Sudan. Asi anonzwisiswawo muchiSwahili uye vakawanda vanototaura Chirungu. Maguta avo anonzi enkang uye urbanism yaro ine madenderedzwa edzimba dzemashanga kana bomas neruzhowa rwamakwai avo. Nekuti, kunyangwe vaive varwi uye zvikara kare, ivo parizvino vakazvipira agriculture nekupfuwa kwemombe, makwai nembudzi.

Kana zviri zvezvavanotenda, musha mumwe nomumwe une muprofita o laibon, iyo ine basa rekududzira zvido zvehumwari, inonzi ngai. Ndirwo rudzi rwamwari wemvura, anokumbirwa zvirimwa. Kutaura zvazviri, uswa hunotorwawo sechinhu chinoera nevanhu ava.

Nekune rimwe divi, vaMaasai vanopinda nemutambo wekuenda kumunhu mukuru. Zvinotora mazuva akawanda uye kuburikidza nazvo mukomana anova kugara o anopinda. Kana zviri zvekuonekwa kwevarume nevakadzi, ucharohwa nehana nekuti vanopfeka zvinhu zvihombe zvakaita semhete, kusanganisira nyanga dzemhuka. Zvisinei, guta iri razova reMadokero. Uye zvino hazvishamisi kuti vanogamuchira vashanyi mumisha yavo. Kune ivava vanoita matambiro avo kuti vawane mari uye vanotovatengesera mabasa avo emaoko.

Tuareg, manomad eSahara

Tuaregs

Tuareg murenje

Takasvika parwendo rwedu rwemadzinza eAfrica kune imwe yakakurumbira uye ine mukurumbira. Tiri kutaura nezvevanhu veTuareg, vanonziwo "guta rebhuruu reSahara" nokuda kwenguo dzake. Kutaura zvazviri, idzinza rinotama-tama rinofamba nemapoka makuru mugwenga iri richiperekedzwa nemhuka dzinoshanda sezvokudya.

Ndiwo musha Berber yeNorth Africa iyo yakatsaurirwa, pamusoro pezvose, ku commerce, kunyange zvazvo variwo varwi vengano. Inonyanya kubva pa Niger, umo ine vanhu vanopfuura mamiriyoni maviri nehafu, asi inewo vanhu vanokosha mu Algeria, Libya, Mali y Burkina Faso.

Kana chiri chitendero chake, ndiye Iziramu, kunyange zvazvo isiri yechokwadi, asi yakavhenganiswa nezvitendero zvoupenyu. Uye mutauro wake ndewe Tamashek, iyo inotova neyayo nzira yekunyora: the tifinagh. Iri bumbiro remakonzoneti rinobva kuLibyan-Berber, iro rakatangira kubva muzana ramakore rechitatu BC. Zvakanaka, ichokwadi kuti tifinagh classic yakarasika uye yakagadzirwazve pakupera kwezana ramakore rechiXNUMX.

Kune rimwe divi, hwaro hweTuareg nzanga ndiyo dzinza (tawshit) kana boka rehama dzine tateguru mumwe chete. Zvakare, chimwe nechimwe cheizvi ndecheboka revanhu uye kune a dzinza o ettebel. Saizvozvowo, dzinza rimwe nerimwe rinosarudza murume semumiririri mudare redzinza. Uye anosarudza mutungamiri kana amenokal. Nekudaro, vanhu veTuareg vane hierarchical. Neizvi, tinoda kukuudza kuti varipo madzinza evapfumi uye vassal. Kare vaitova nevaranda.

Tisati takuudza kuti vaTuareg ndivo warriors. Kutaura zvazviri, kupandukira kwake ingano uye kwakaita kuti pave nenhetembo dzakawanda. Uye zvakare kumakakatanwa akasiyana neavo vakaedza kuvakunda. Kumukira kwake kuFrance colonizers muna 1916, iyo yakatora mwedzi yakati wandei uye ichitungamirwa na Mohammed Kahocen. Asi vakapindirawo mukurwisana kuchangobva kuitika mudunhu re Sahel.

MaBushmen, anopfuura dzinza reAfrica

vakadzi vebushman

Vakadzi vechiBushman nevana vavo

Tinopedzisa rwendo rwedu rwevanhu veAfrica nekukuudza nezveBushmen, avo vari madzinza akawanda akabatanidzwa muboka re khoisan. Maererano nefungidziro dzakavimbika, kune huwandu hwevanhu zviuru makumi mapfumbamwe nezvishanu vakapararira Botswana, Namibhiya, Angola, Zambia, Zimbabwe y Sudafrican republic.

Kutaura zvazviri, zita rayo rinobva ChiAfrikaans, mutauro weGermany yakabva yakaunzwa kumatunhu aya nevaEurope, uye zvinoreva "murume wesango". Nekudaro, ivo havataure mutauro iwoyo, asi seti yemitauro yakaunganidzwa kxoe. Chinhu chayo chikuru ndiko kushandiswa kwe kubuda yekutaurirana. Muchokwadi, zvinofungidzirwa kuti makumi manomwe muzana emashoko avo anotanga navo uye kune palatal, alveolar, bilabial kana mazino.

Zvikurukuru, ivo vakazvipira kune caza uye kukohwa zvibereko. Kusiyana nemamwe madzinza muAfrica, ivo vanenge matriarchal. Mukadzi ane kukosha kukuru munharaunda uye anotova mutungamiriri weboka remhuri yake. Mukuwedzera, vanhu ava vanonzi vane ukama nevanhu vokutanga vaigara panyika.

Zvisinei, vaBushmen vakachinja mararamiro avo sezvo nyika dzekondinendi dzakavakunda. Muchokwadi, kwemakumi emakore vanga vachipokana neHurumende ye Botswana, sezvo achida kuvadzinga kubva munharaunda yake huru, the Central Kalahari Game Reserve. Naizvozvo, ivo zvino vakazvipira zvakanyanya kufudza.

Kune rumwe rutivi, vaBushmen vanofarira zvikuru mimhanzi uye kutamba. Chiridzwa chake chikuru rudzi rwouta hunobatwa mumuromo make uye hunorira sechikwangwani. Uye, pakati pemadhanzi ayo, twiza kana kutamba kunorapa kunobuda pachena. kia. Yokupedzisira rutivi rwemiitiro yavo yorudzidziso. Vamwari vavo vane chokuita nokuwana zvokudya. Pane a mweya wepamusoro uye zvimwe zvidiki zvinopesvedzera zvese izvi nekuonekwa kwezvirwere.

Mukupedzisa, takakuratidzai mamwe makuru marudzi eAfrica. Nekudaro, isu tinogona kukuudza nezve vamwe vakaita se Sudanese Dinka, the sando kubva kuEthiopia, the namibian himba kana ane mukurumbira VaPygmy veCongo. Haufungi here kuti kondinendi yeAfrica yakapfuma kwazvo kubva pakuona kweanthropological?


Iva wekutanga kutaura

Siya yako yekutaura

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