Izvo zvakasiyana mhando dzekutama tevera mukumuka kwemavambo evanhu nechishuwo chakakomba cheku fambira mberi. Ichi chishuwo chakatiita isu rudzi rwakakwanisa kukomberedza mativi ese epasi, kusvika padanho rekuti kune vanhu vanogara kunyangwe kumatunhu ari padyo nematanda neaya emarenje.
Nekudaro, kubva pakutanga kwekuvapo kwedu, takatsiva musha wedu mune imwe ndima tichiisa imwe; ndiko kuti, takatama. Parizvino chimwe chinhu chatinoita kana tikaenda parwendo kuenda kune imwe nyika uye, nekuti tinoifarira zvakanyanya, tinosarudza kugara kuti tirarame. Asi, Iwe unoziva here kuti ndeapi marudzi ekutama kwevanhu aripo?
Kutama kwevanhu kunogona kuiswa muzvikamu zvitatu: zvinoenderana nenguva, zvinoenderana nehunhu uye maererano nekwavanoenda. Ngatione imwe neimwe yemhando dzekutama zvakasiyana kuti uvanzwisise zvirinani:
Mhando dzekutama maererano nenguva
Rudzi urwu rwekutama ndirwo rwunoitika mukati menguva yakatarwa yenguva, inofungidzirwa kunge iri yerudzi nezvepanyama, pamwe neicho chinoitwa zvachose, chinoonekwa se zvachose. Izvo zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti kwenguva pfupi kutama kwevanhu ndeavo ekuti iye mutamhi anodzokera kunzvimbo yake kwaanobva mushure menguva yakatarwa.
Mhando dzekutama maererano nehunhu
Zvichienderana nezvinotikurudzira kuti tisiye kwatinobva, iyo kumanikidzwa kutama, iyo sekuratidzwa kwezita rayo, ndiyo iyo munhu anomanikidzwa kusiya ivhu rake kuti ararame; kana kuzvipira kutama inova ndiyo nguva iyo mutorwa anosiya kwaanogara nekuda kwake.
Mhando dzekutama maererano nenzvimbo yekuenda
Mune mhando iyi yekutama tinosiyanisa iyo kutama kwemukati, inova ndiyo nzvimbo yekuenda iri munyika imwechete; kana kune dzimwe nyika paunenge uri kune imwe nyika.
Nei tichitamira?
Vanhu vanogara vachitsvaga pekugara pakanaka, zvisinei nekwavakabva uye mamiriro ezvehupfumi. Mumakore achangopfuura vanoenda kune dzimwe nyika vava musoro unotaurwa nezvazvo zuva nezuva: vanhu vanobva munyika dzichiri kusimukira vanoyambuka dziva vachitsvaga chikafu, basa uye chengetedzo. Vazhinji vavo vanoisa pangozi kurasikirwa neupenyu hwavo, nekuti munhu wese anoziva kuti havawanzosvika nenzira dzakakodzera kwazvo dzekufambisa. Asi pane zvakawanda zvavanogona kuwana; mushure mezvose, chero nzvimbo iri nani pane nzvimbo yakasakadzwa nehondo.
Kune rimwe divi, uye sezvatakambotaura, kana mumwe wedu akaenda rwendo rwekuti, toti semuenzaniso, New York uye zvobva zvaratidza kuti vanofarira mamiriro ekunze, vanhu, nzvimbo, uye kuti zvakare vane mukana yekutsvaga basa, Zvichida iwe unozofunga kugara ikoko kwechinguva kana, ndiani anoziva, pamwe zvachose. Isu tichava vafambi veNew Yorkers nevatorwa munyika medu, asi zvirokwazvo munguva pfupi tinogona kuita hupenyu hwedu imomo pasina matambudziko.
Chimwe chikonzero nei tichifanira kuenda kune imwe ndechekuti njodzi dzinongoitika dzoga, kungave kudengenyeka kwenyika, mafashama, kusanaya kwemvura, nezvimwe. Kana iwe uchigara munzvimbo ine njodzi dzakawanda, unogona kumirira kuti zvivakwa zvivakwe zvinopesana nazvo, asi izvi zvinogona kuva nenjodzi huru, saka unowanzo sarudza kutsvaga pekugara pakachengeteka mune imwe nzvimbo yepasi Nyika kana imwe.
Yakanaka uye yakaipa mhedzisiro yemhando dzekutama
Kufanana nekufamba kwese, izvi zvinogona kuve nemhedzisiro kune ese ari maviri mavambo uye nenzvimbo yekuenda.
Migumisiro yakanaka
Pakati pemhedzisiro mhedzisiro, zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti munyika yekwatangira huwandu hwevanhu kumanikidza zviwanikwa kwakadzikira uye kushaikwa kwemabasa kunodzikira, mukuwedzera pakutora zororo kune vanopfuura vanhu; mune yekuenda nyika, kune kugadziriswa kwevanhu, kune zvakawanda zvakasiyana tsika and the kugadzirwa kunowedzera.
Migumisiro yakaipa
Yezve nyika yekubva, inonyanya kuzivikanwa iri pamusoro pezvose kuchembera kwevanhu uye kudzikira kweruzhinji mari. Vechidiki vezera rekushanda ndivo vekutanga kusarudza kusiya, uye izvi zvinounza dambudziko kunzvimbo yekubva.
Kune rimwe divi, nyika yekuenda inosangana ne kuderera mumubairo mune mamwe matunhu ekushandiswa kwevashandi vevatorwa, vanobvuma kuita basa rakaomarara pamubhadharo wakaderera.
Kuda kuziva nezve kutama
Pamusoro peizvo zvakafumurwa parizvino, zvinonakidza kuziva kuti kune zvakare zviyero zvekutama kana zviyero zvekutama, unova mutsauko pakati pekutama (vanhu vanobva) uye kutama (avo vanouya kuzogara). Kana kutama kwakakura kudarika kutama, muyero wekutama unofungidzirwa wakanaka, uye zvisina kunaka neimwe nzira.
Yemagariro Robert Owen (1771-1858), wekuWelsh kwakatangira, akaronga guta rainzi New Harmony, raifanira kuvakwa muIndiana (United States). Pfungwa iyi yaive yekupa pekugara uye basa kune vanobva kune dzimwe nyika, kunyangwe pakupedzisira zvainge zvisati zvazivikanwa Kunyangwe zvese, zvakapa kusimuka kune akawanda mapurojekiti akaona mwenje wezuva, kunyanya nekuda kwekutsigirwa kwevatorwa ivo pachavo. Pakati pezvose isu tinosimbisa iyo satellite maguta (sekuMaipú muChile, Quezón muPhilippines kana Guta Nyowani reBelen muPeru), iyo kuronga kwemaguta eLatin America, or the kugadziriswa kwenzvimbo dzemuganhu neHaiti neDominican Republic.
Isu tinovimba takagadzirisa kusahadzika kwako maererano nekutama kwevanhu kuriko.