kutaura newe nezvazvo zvakakosha zviyeuchidzo zveSpain inoda kuita nhamburiko yekupfupika uye synthesis. Nekuti nyika yedu ine mazana emakore enhoroondo izvo zvakakonzera zvinoshamisa uye zvakakura hukuru uye hunyanzvi nhaka.
MaGiriki, vaRoma, maVisigoth, maArabu nevamwe vanhu vakapfuura nemuIberian Peninsula. Vese vakasiya nhaka yakakodzera muchimiro chezvivakwa uye tsika. Kubva Asturias vakakwira Andalusia uye kubva Extremadura vakakwira Aragon, nzvimbo ina dzemakadhi erudzi rwedu dzine zvivakwa zvakakodzera kushanyirwa kwako uye zviri pakati pezvinonyanya kufarirwa nevashanyi vanobva kumativi ese enyika. Asi, chero zvakadaro, tiri kuzokuratidza sarudzo yedu yezvivakwa zvakakosha muSpain.
Alhambra yeGranada
Chivanze cheShumba, muAlhambra muGranada
Summit basa rezvivakwa zveAndalusi, iyo Alhambra haisi chiyeuchidzo, asi boka ravo. Pasi pezita iri panosanganisirwa muzinda weArab, magadheni akanaka, dzimba dzechinyakare uye kunyange gare gare monastery yakashandurwa kuita hostel yevashanyi.
Iwe unogona kupinda muvharo kuburikidza nemagonhi akati wandei. Pakati pazvo, izvo zveArms, Ruramisiro, Waini, Matanda Manomwe kana Arrabal. Kune rumwe rutivi, mu citadel the Homenaje neVela shongwe. Asi kwakakumirira mashura makuru arimo Medina. Kune dzimba dzehumambo dzine mbiri dzakatanhamara. Uyo anobva kuComares Yakavakwa yakapoteredza Patio de los Arrayanes muzana remakore rechiXNUMX, apo shumba yakanga yakavakirwa kutenderedza gadheni rine zita rakafanana.
Unogonawo kuona kufona mexuar, makamuri aishandiswa kupa kururamisira uye, munharaunda yePakati, zvisaririra zvemamwe mizinda yekare. Kune rumwe rutivi, nezita Emperor's Rooms boka remakamuri akavakwa munguva dze Carlos Ini. Nekudaro, ivo vaizokurumidza kusashandiswa kana iyo muzinda zvakatemerwa Changamire.
Izvo zvakare zvinosungirwa muAlhambra kuti upfuure nepakati kufamba kweshongwe, iyo, sezvinoreva zita rayo, inokutora kuti uone Los Picos, la Cautiva, las Infantas uye del Agua. Asi chimwe chishongo chikuru cheiyi monumental complex ndiyo Generalife. Imba yekumaruwa yakakomberedzwa nemapindu ekushongedza uye minda yemichero inoshandiswa nemadzimambo eGranada senzvimbo yekuzorora. Iyo zvakare inotangira kubva muzana ramakore reXNUMX uye, yakatenderedza iyo, iwe unogona zvakare kuona zvimwe zvivakwa kubva panguva yeNasrid. Pakati pavo, the Chigaro cheMoorla dziva rakaputsika kana zvakasara zve Dar-al-Arusa Palace.
La sagrada mhuri
Iyo Sagrada Familia, chimwe chezvivakwa zvakakosha zveSpain
Ichi chivakwa chechitendero muBarcelona ibasa renyanzvi ye Antonio gaudi. Asi zvakare muenzaniso wekuti mabasa makuru anogona kuvakwa nemaitiro emunhu azere nekufungidzira. Zita rake rizere ndi Inoparadza Tembere yeMhuri Dzvene uye anoshamisa mugadziri weCatalan akatanga kuvakwa kwayo muna 1882.
Sezvineiwo, haisati yapera, asi ndeimwe yeanoshanyirwa zvakanyanya muSpain. Inoratidza huwandu hwekugadzira hweGaudí uye ndiyo inonyanya kuratidza Catalan modernist architecture. Muchokwadi, inonyatso gadzira zvitayera zvese zvayakange yagadzira kusvika ipapo. Pakati peizvi, the neogothic, the naturalist kana geometric.
Temberi ine chiLatin chemuchinjikwa chirongwa chine mashanu epakati nave uye transept yevatatu. Iyo ine zvakare apse ine machapel manomwe. Kunze, ine mafacade matatu, akazvitsaurira paKuzvarwa, Kufarirwa uye Kubwinya kwaJesu. Saizvozvo, kana yapera, ichange iine shongwe gumi nesere, pakati payo iyo yepakati ichamira kunze, ichipera nedome uye inoyera ingangoita zana nemakumi manomwe neshanu metres pakureba.
Nezvemukati wayo, iyo Sagrada Familia inonakidza zvakare. Hunyanzvi hwaGaudhi hwakagadzira nzvimbo yehupenyu iyo rakafanana nesango, ine mbiru dzakaita sehunde yemuti. Kune chikamu chavo, mavhavha ane hyperboloid chitarisiko uye mahwindo akagoverwa nenzira yekubvumidza harmonic uye nyoro kupenya kupinda. Saizvozvowo, zvinhu zvose zviri mutemberi zvine kukosha kwekufananidzira uye Gaudí akatotarisira kugadzira zvinhu zvekushongedza. Iyi ndiyo nyaya yemapurupiti, confessionals kana lecterns.
Muchidimbu, iyo Sagrada Familia inoshamisa nekuda kwemukuru Antonio Gaudí. Hunhu hwayo hwakasiyana uye hukuru hwayo hunoita kuti ive imwe yezvivakwa zvakakosha muSpain.
Macathedrals, akakosha pakati pezvivakwa zvakakosha zveSpain
Cathedral yeBurgos
Kune akawanda uye anoshamisa macathedrals muSpain zvekuti isu hatidi kukuudza nezve imwe chete, asi nezve akati wandei. Pamwe inonyanya kushanyirwa ndeye iyo iri muSeville nokuda kwezvikonzero zvakawanda, mukuwedzera kuhunhu hwayo hunoshamisa. Pakati pavo, kuti ndiyo imwe yakakura Gothic cathedral munyika. Asi, pamwe, zvinopesvedzerwawo nenyaya yekuve nemukurumbira giralda. Iyi minaret yeArab-era yaive yemusikiti wekare wezana ramakore reXNUMX uye yaishandiswa senhare yebhero yetembere. Uyewo yakachengetedzwa kubva ipapo ndiyo inokosha Chivanze cheOrange miti.
Uyezve, inoshanyirwa zvikuru Cathedral yeSantiago yeCompostela, zvose zvekuva nzvimbo yekufambisa uye yekuve chishongo cheRomanesque. Ndiwo maitiro anotungamira mukuvaka, asi zvakare inopa Gothic, Renaissance, Baroque uye kunyange Neoclassical zvinhu. zvinoshamisa se Facade yaObradoiro kana the Portico yeKubwinya ita kuti cathedral iyi ive basa rakasiyana nemamwe.
Asi hatigoni kukanganwa pamusoro Burgos cathedral, ine maitiro ayo makuru echiFrench Gothic. Yakazogamuchirawo zvinogadziridzwa gare gare. Asi kana ichiyevedza kunze, haina kuita zvishoma nechomukati. Iyo inogara echokwadi sculptural uye ekuvaka matombo akadai se Masitepisi eGoridhe, the gothic altarpiece weGil de Siloé kana kuti akawanda makuva pakati payo panobuda pachena cid. Saizvozvowo, yepakutanga ndiyo flycatcher.
Tinogona kukuudza nezve mamwe macathedral akanaka ari pakati pezvivakwa zvakakosha zveSpain. Semuyenzaniso, Murcia wacho, mumwe anobva kuSalamanca o Almudena's muMadrid. Nekudaro, isu tinosarudza kuenda kune zvimwe zvivakwa zvakaenzana zvinoshamisa.
Iyo mosque yeCordoba
Aerial maonero eMosque yeCordoba
Iyi ndiyo nyaya yeMosque inonakidza yeCórdoba, iyo, zvisinei, iripo Cathedral yeAssumption yeMukadzi Wedu. Iine zviuru makumi maviri nezvina masikweya metres, yaive yechipiri pakukura pasirese mushure meMecca.
Kuvakwa kwayo kwakatanga muzana ramakore rechisere uye iri, pamwe chete neAlhambra, chiyeuchidzo chinonyanya kukosha chakachengetedzwa kubva mugungwa. Andalusian art. Zvisinei, yakagadziridzwawo kakawanda. Muchokwadi, mamwe magonhi aro, senge ari mukati Saint Catherine ndiko kuvandudzwa. Ndiyo imwe yeakawanda anogadzira kunze kwechivako, umo bhero shongwe uye minaret yekare, mabhakoni akaita seaya ari kumaodzanyemba façade uye patios senge iyo iri pazasi. miti yeOrange.
Iyo yekupedzisira ine mabviro ayo patio yekugezera yemusikiti wekutanga uye ine zvitubu zvakaita seSanta María kana Cinamomo nematangi akaita seAlmanzor. Kana zviri zvemukati, inozivikanwa zvikuru hypostyle imba, nembiru dzaro namaberere aro. Asi zvakare Mannerist atari yeimba huru yekunamatira, kwaya ensemble kana akasiyana chapel. Pakati pavo, iyo Chaiyo, iyo yeSan Ambrosio, iyo yeVillaviciosa kana iyo yeMukadzi Wedu weKubata.
Alcázar de Segovia, nhare pakati pezvivakwa zvakakosha zveSpain
Iyo inoyevedza Alcazar yeSegovia
Iyi nhare huru yezana ramakore rechi XNUMX ndiyo yakashanyirwa zvakanyanya nerudzi rwayo muSpain. Inokwirira pamusoro pe mupata weEresma uye inotonga nhoroondo yeCastilian guta. Madzimambo makumi maviri nemaviri nevamwe vevatambi vakanyanya kukosha munhoroondo vakapfuura nemairi. Iyo zvakare imwe yeakanakisa mienzaniso yezana ramakore rechigumi nemaviri nhare yemauto munyika.
Kunze, iyo Alcázar yakagovaniswa muchivanze cheHerrerian chine moat, dhirowa uye chengeta, inomisikidza neiyo square floor plan uye shongwe ina. Asi zvinotonyanya kushamisa ndezve John II tower, iyo gare gare uye Gothic, pamwe chete neinodanwa Moorish terrace, iyo inokupa iwe maonero akanaka ePlaza de la Reina Victoria Eugenia.
Kana zviri zvemukati, nhare ine makamuri anoyevedza. zve we Muzinda wekare hwindo rimwe chete raro riri pakati pamahwindo aro nezvigadziko zvaro; izvo zve Fireplace nokuda kwemifananidzo yake nezvamatepi; imwe ye Chigaro zvezvigaro zvayo zvoumambo pasi pechifukidziro uye icho che iyo gallery Inogashira zita iri nekuda kwesirin'i yayo yekare yakavharwa muchimiro chegomba rechikepe chakapidiguka. Imba yehumambo, chapel nemamwe makamuri akadai seye Weapons imba inopedzisa mukati meAlcázar.
Pakupedzisira, kune rimwe remativi enzvimbo yeparade, unogona kuona Museum yeRoyal College yeArtillery. Uye, seanecdote, tichakuudza kuti mafomu ekuvakwa uku anoshamisa uye anokarakadza zvekuti zvinonzi akashanda semuenzaniso we Walt Disney nokuda kwenhare yako Cinderella. Haisi masanga kuti inogamuchira vashanyi vanobva kumativi ose enyika.
Mukupedzisa, takuratidzai zvimwe zvakakosha zviyeuchidzo zveSpain. Asi tingadai takakuudzai pamusoro pezvimwe zvizhinji. Semuenzaniso, avo vanogadzira Asturian pre-Romanesque, yakasiyana nepasi rose. Kanawo mukuru Roman theatre yeMerida, yakavakwa muzana remakore rekutanga BC uye ichiri kushandiswa kuita mitambo. Kana, pakupedzisira, mukuru Monastery yeSan Lorenzo del Escorial, chishongo cheRenaissance chakanzi chishamiso chechisere chenyika. Zvese izvi pasina kukanganwa vamwe vakaita sa Basilica yeMukadzi Wedu weMbiru muSaragossa, iyo masvingo eAvila kana the shongwe yeHercules muLa Coruña, yave yakamira kwezviuru zviviri zvemakore. Haufungi here kuti zvakakosha zviyeuchidzo zveSpain zvinoshamisa?