Los izinxibo zesintu atolika amasiko, izithethe, yonke into enxulumene nomhlaba nabantu bawo, inkcubeko yawo, inkolo yawo, isisu sayo, umculo wawo. Singaya phambili ngexesha, songeze inkqubela phambili, izinto ezenziweyo, zokuba iminyaka inobunzima emqolo kwizizwe, kodwa isinxibo esiqhelekileyo siya kuhlala sikhona ukusikhumbuza okudlulileyo, imvelaphi, imbali. Singobani kwaye sivela phi.
Kungenxa yoko le nto kuhlala kunganxitywa enye kwaye kwakhona, kwimeko yanamhlanje, sidibana neenguqulelo ezininzi ze Isinxibo esiqhelekileyo se-Oaxaca.
Oaxaca
Kummandla osemazantsi-ntshona eMexico ngurhulumente we I-Oaxaca, indawo enabemi abaninzi bomthonyama. Ngapha koko kukho amaqela obuhlanga ali-16 kwaye kuyamangalisa ukuba amasiko abo amaninzi asinde.
Iintaba, imilambo, imiqolomba, nemiqolomba, konke oku kubonakalisa ukuma kwayo. Ngumhlaba wemozulu eyahlukileyo kwaye une iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Ngenxa yabemi bayo abaninzi bomthonyama kunye nobukoloniyali baseSpain kunjalo Umhlaba wokuvumelanisa ngokwenkolo.
I-Oaxaca ibhiyozela bonke abangcwele, kodwa owona mnyhadala ubalaseleyo kuko konke ngo-Disemba 18, umthendeleko ophethe iVirgen de la Soledad. Ngokucacileyo, zikhona ezinye iintombi ezinyulu nazo ezibhiyozelwa kakhulu.
Isinxibo esiqhelekileyo se-Oaxaca
Enye yeempahla eziqhelekileyo ezithandwayo ze-Oaxaca yile yeTehuana, eso sitayile umzobi asenza saziwa kakhulu UFrida khalo. Yimpahla yabasetyhini yohlanga lwamaZapotec, abantu abahlala kwisiqithi saseTehuanpetec. Kulapho yaqala khona isuti, eyathi kamva yandisa ukusetyenziswa kwayo kwaye ibonwa namhlanje kwiminyhadala emininzi, nangona ixesha lihambile kunye nokulungiswa okuthe rhoqo.
Kukho isinxibo semihla ngemihlaIqukethe i-rabona, isketi eside, kunye nokuhonjiswa kunye nokwenziwa kwalo naliphi na ilaphu. Kukho i Inguqulelo encinci ebukekayo apho iolán emhlophe evela kwelinye ilaphu yongezwa. Injani i- Isiqingatha segalala iinwele ziya zibalulekile. Ukuba umfazi utshatile, usebenzisa intambo yesikhokelo seentyatyambo ngasekunene kwaye ukuba akatshatanga kodwa ufuna indoda, kwicala lasekhohlo.
La Inguqulelo yegala efanelekileyo sele inamacici, ipitikoti kunye neklasikhi huipil esiyibonayo kumazwe aliqela aseLatin America. Izinwele zinxitywe ngee-braids ezinezaphetha kunye nengqekembe entloko. I-huipil inkulu kwaye inokunxitywa ngeendlela ezimbini: icala elincinci lisetyenziselwa ukubhiyozela kwaye icala elikhulu lisetyenziselwa ukuhamba okanye ukudanisa. Kukho enye ingxelo ehlaziyiweyo eyaziwa njenge Umphathi wobugosa apho kuvela intsimbi yombungu eyenziwe ngegolide kwaye ivela ngexesha likaPorfirio Díaz.
Kamva, kumazantsi eentili zombuso, oko kubizwa ngokuba icosteña yesinxibo. Umxube wemveli nowekoloniyali, apha sinesiketi somqhaphu esenziwe ngombala oqaqambileyo, neblawuzi yomqhaphu eqhotswe ngaphambili ngaphambili, imbi kakhulu ngetshali emnyama.
Kwidolophu yaseCoyopetec, kwiNtlambo yeOaxaca, i Isinxibo seCoyotepec: ilaphu lityibilikisiwe kwaye i-huipil, idinomineyitha eqhelekileyo kuwo onke amacala, yenziwe nge-neckline kwaye yenziwe ngomqhaphu omhlophe. I-shawl imnyama kwaye isongele entloko njengeqhiya.
Ngokwenxalenye yayo, eSierra Mazateca, i-huipil ine-embroidery yangaphambili enesitampu esiphambeneyo ngemibala eqaqambileyo. Ukuhonjiswa kudla ngokuba ziintyatyambo zasekuhlaleni kunye neentaka. Kukho neeribhoni ezipinki kunye neerubhi eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Emazantsi e-huipil kukho i-petticoat ehonjiswe ngemibala ebomvu ebomvu. Abafazi badibanisa iinwele zabo ngeebhondi ezimbini kwaye xa bedanisa benza njalo ngomthi ezandleni zabo ezizele ziimbali zeentyatyambo abazilahlayo.
Enye into yokunxiba entle entle yile Isinxibo seMalacatera esivela kwiJamiltepec. Ibizwa njalo kuba nabani na oyisebenzisayo usebenzisa ii-winches ukujikeleza umqhaphu. Idayiwe lilac kwaye ibomvu kwaye amantombazana ayanxiba iibhanti entloko apho iinaliti ze-winch zifakwe khona.
Kulo Unxweme lomhlaba waseTehuanteepec Iqela leHuave lihlala. Kushushu kakhulu apha ke i-huipil yeklasi ilula, Ingubo inde kwaye iprintwe ngeentyatyambo kwaye zinombala obomvu. Kude nolwandle, kwi-mixteca sierra, kukho isuti ye-triqui. Apha i-huipil yinde kwaye ibomvu kwaye inemibala emininzi. Abafazi baphotha iinwele zabo kwinto enye eqhotyoshelwe ngee-combs, kwaye uninzi lweentsimbi zomqala ezimibalabala zixhonywe ezintanyeni zabo.
Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku siye sabiza ezinye zeendlela zokunxiba zeOaxaca ezikhoyo, kodwa zonke bezingabafazi. Kuthekani ngendleko yendoda evela e-Oaxaca? Ewe, kukwakho ezininzi, kodwa ngokucacileyo imalunga nokunxiba elula ngakumbi. Ihlala yenziwe ngeebhulukhwe ezimfutshane, ihempe, iimbadada, ngamanye amaxesha uboya okanye iminqwazi yesundu.
Inyaniso yeyokuba ngaphandle kwazo zonke iisuti ngokubanzi, eyona nto ifanayo iyagcinwa huipil. Imfutshane, inde, ifakelwe ngakumbi, ayigqityiwanga kangako, kwaye inokusetyenziswa okuninzi ngenxa yemihla ngemihla okanye imicimbi enzulu efana nemitshato okanye imingcwabo. ewe, iba mibala ngakumbi emathekweni apho kukho imidaniso.
Ndicinga ukuba naziphi na ezi zinxibo yi-ode eya kumbala kunye nokudlala. Bayamangalisa kwaye bababona eqongeni, kwimidaniso nakwimibhiyozo, kuyonwabisa emehlweni. Ngokucacileyo, ukuba uthatha isigqibo sokuya kuhambo oluya eMexico, ukuthenga i-huipil kuhlala kuyinto efanelekileyo kwimemori yeentetho zakho. Inkumbulo elungileyo kunye nengubo eya kuthi yebe onke amehlo endleleni egodukayo.