Izithethe zaseSwitzerland

Las Izithethe zaseSwitzerland Basabela, ubukhulu becala, kuMbindi Yurophu okanye izithethe zomthonyama ezichaphazela iinkalo ezininzi zobomi kweli lizwe. Ezi ndawo zisuka ekwaluseni ukuya kwimibhiyozo ngokusebenzisa i-gastronomy, imikhuba yokuziphatha okanye umculo.

Nangona ubukhulu bayo buncinci, ilizwe laseSwitzerland linenani elikhulu lezithethe ezibhalwe ngendlela yokuba ngabemi balo kwaye, mhlawumbi, kuya kumangalisa. Ezininzi ziqhelekile kulo lonke elaseYurophu ezifana ukubhiyozela iKrisimesiNgelixa abanye bengabomthonyama ngokwenene kwaye banemvelaphi yabo kwixesha elidlulileyo lesizwe. Kodwa, ngaphandle kokuqhubeka, siza kukubonisa awona masiko angaqhelekanga eSwitzerland.

Izithethe zaseSwitzerland: ukusuka kwiilwimi ukuya kwi-gastronomy

Siza kuqalisa ukhenketho lwethu lwezithethe zaseSwitzerland ngokuthetha nawe malunga neelwimi zabo. Emva koko siya kuqhubeka sijonga eminye imiba efana nomculo okanye amaqela kwaye, ekugqibeleni, siya kugqiba sigxile kwi-gastronomy emnandi yelizwe laseSwitzerland.

Iilwimi zaseSwitzerland

Ngenxa yendawo ekuyo, iSwitzerland kulapho iinkcubeko ezahlukeneyo zaseYurophu zidibana khona. Ngesi sizathu, ineelwimi ezintathu ezisemthethweni kwaye enye yamkelwa ngokuyinxenye ukuba iphendula imvelaphi yabantu abayiqambayo.

Ulwimi oluninzi lubizwa ngokuba IsiJamani saseSwitzerland, ethetha phantse amashumi amathandathu anesine ekhulwini kubemi bakhona. Kubaluleke kakhulu kumantla, empuma nasembindini wesizwe. Ukongezelela, uninzi loonomathotholo nomabonwakude bayayisebenzisa.

Ilandelwa linani lezithethi ngo isiFrentshi, esetyenziswa phantse ngamashumi amathathu anesithoba ekhulwini abemi yaye uninzi lwabo lukwintshona yelizwe. Ukongeza, kwindawo ye Romandie iziyelelane Franco-Provençal zigcinwe, ezifana Waldensian okanye neuchatelois.

Ulwimi lwesithathu lwaseSwitzerland lu italiano, esetyenziswa ngabantu abalishumi elinesihlanu ekhulwini kubemi bayo kwaye, ngokusengqiqweni, iyongamele kumazantsi elizwe. Kukwakho nolwimi lwesiLombard: i tesinese.

Ukukhankanya okukhethekileyo kufuneka sikwenze ube ngongaqhelekanga isihlobo. Ikwalulwimi olusemthethweni, nangona kungafuneki ukuba amaxwebhu karhulumente alusebenzise. Kuthethwa kwicanton ye Graubünden kwaye inani lilonke labantu abalisebenzisayo limele i-0,6% yabemi. Uya kuba nomdla ukwazi ukuba lulwimi lwesiRomanesque olunxulumene neLadino kunye neFriulan ezithethwa emantla e-Italiya, nangona iye yavela ngakumbi ngefonologically kunezi.

Umculo okhethekileyo wezithethe zaseSwitzerland

Akunyanzelekanga ukuba sikuxelele ukuba eSwitzerland uva umculo ofanayo nowaseSpain, EFransi okanye eUnited States. Kodwa, njengezi zizwe, inawo nomculo wayo wesintu kwaye uya kuwufumana unomdla kakhulu.

Isixhobo sokugqwesa kweli lizwe lubizo uphondo lwealpine. Yenziwe ngomthi kwaye inobude obuphakathi kwe-1,5 kunye ne-3.60 yeemitha, ithe tye kwaye inesiphelo esivuthayo. Ikhupha izandi ze-harmonic ezifana nezo zexilongo, kodwa imvelaphi yayo indala kakhulu.

Ubuncinci, yaqala ngenkulungwane ye-XNUMX, xa yayisetyenziselwa ukubiza iinkomo kummandla weeAlps kunye nokunxibelelana phakathi kwamafama ngokwabo. Kodwa ikwasetyenziselwa ukutolika iingoma zealpine zemveli kwaye, ngokumangalisayo, inezinto ezifanayo nezinye izixhobo ezivela kwiiPyrenees, iiCarpathians kunye neentaba zeAndes eMzantsi Melika.

Kwelinye icala, amaSwitzerland anengoma yemveli. Yeyona idumileyo tyrolean. Ibonakaliswe, njengoko ubonile amaxesha amaninzi, ngokutshintshwa ngokukhawuleza kwithoni, ukusuka kwi-low ukuya phezulu kwifom ye-falsetto. Nangona kunjalo, ayiphelelanga nje eSwitzerland. Ikwayeyenkcubeko yeAlpine ngokubanzi, yiyo loo nto itolikwa eOstriya, emantla eItali naseJamani. Kodwa, okumangalisayo kukuba, kukho iingoma ezifanayo kwiindawo ezikude njengaseScandinavia okanye kuMbindi Afrika.

Imibhiyozo, ibalulekile kwizithethe zaseSwitzerland

Ilizwe laseSwitzerland liyibhiyozela Iholide yesizwe Ngomhla woku-1291 ku-Agasti. Ikhumbuza oko kubizwa ngokuba yi-Federal Pact ye-XNUMX, apho ama-canton amathathu akhoyo avumile ukudala iimeko eziyimfuneko zokumanyana njengelizwe. Kuwo wonke ummandla wayo, kuqhutywa imibhiyozo. Kodwa umdla walo mbhiyozo kukuba uvumelekile ukuba uqalise iziqhushumbisi kuye nawuphi na umntu.

Omnye umbhiyozo obaluleke kakhulu eSwitzerland unento yokwenza ukuguquka kweenkomo. Nangona, eneneni, kufuneka sikuxelele ngeeholide ezimbini. Kuba zenzeka ekuqaleni kwehlobo nasekwindla. Ngomhla wokuqala, abelusi bathabatha iinkomo zabo bazise kwiintaba zeAlpine ukuze zitye ngokukhululekileyo, ngoxa kowesibini, bazibuyisela ezitalini. Kodwa, kuzo zombini ezi meko, zihonjiswe ngeentyantyambo kunye neentsimbi zenkomo kwaye ziphahlwe ngomngcelele.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, phakathi kwezithethe zaseSwitzerland kukho neminye imibhiyozo yendalo yendawo, kodwa ebaluleke kakhulu kulo lonke ilizwe. Umzekelo, yimeko ye intloko yerhanisi e Sursse, esingayi kuthetha nawe ngcono ngayo; ye I-basel carnival okanye ze Umnyhadala wabalimi bewayini eVevey, efakwe kwiLifa leMveli leNkcubeko eNgaphathekiyo yoBuntu yi-UNESCO.

Imisebenzi yezandla yaseSwitzerland

Kunye neemela zepokotho ezidumileyo, ilizwe laseSwitzerland lineshishini lokuhombisa elinomdla. Idume ukuba ye I-St, ebuyela kwikhulu leshumi elinesixhenxe kwaye ivelele ngokukodwa kumsebenzi wayo kwikotoni kunye nelinen. Kunokutshiwo okufanayo ngako Neuenburg bobbin lace kunye ishishini lesilika eZurich, eyaqala ngeXIV.

Yahlukile umfanekiso oqingqiweyo womthi waseBrienz, isiphumo sayo yiMyuziyam yaseSwitzerland yeMizobo kunye neMizobo, ngokunjalo iingqayi zabalimi Berne, eyaqala ngenkulungwane ye-XNUMX neyaziwayo kumazwe ngamazwe.

Kodwa, ukuba ubugcisa beSwitzerland bumele into ethile, kungenxa yokuba iiwotshi zabo, eziye zaba lelinye lamashishini elizwe. Nangona kunjalo, ayisosithethe saseSwitzerland. Wasiwa kwisixeko sase Ndingene ngamaHuguenot awabalekela kuwo ebudeni benkulungwane ye-XNUMX.

Lo msebenzi wezandla ngokukhawuleza wasasazeka kwezinye iindawo ezifana Neuenburg, apho izimanga ezifana ne-Taschenuhren pocket watch okanye iiwotshi ze-pendulum zenziwe. Ukusukela ngoko, abaseSwitzerland bazibeke njengabavelisi bezi ziqwenga eziphezulu, nangona baye bafikelela kwinqanaba elinjengelokuqala elingangeni manzi okanye iwotshi yokuqala yequartz. Olo ludumo lwabaseSwitzerland njengababonisi ukuba kuye kwacetywa ukuba babandakanye ubugcisa babo kwilifa elingabonakaliyo loluntu.

Nangona kunjalo, esinye isiko lelizwe laseSwitzerland elizalwe ngexesha elifanayo kunye nomlindi awaziwa kakhulu. Sithetha ngayo ukwenziwa kwee-automatons kunye neebhokisi zomculo. Kwangowe-1770 abazalwana Jaquet-Droz Babonise ii-androids ezintathu ezothusayo kulo lonke elaseYurophu.

Ngokwenxalenye yayo, ibhokisi yomculo ngenxa Antoine favre, owathi wayinikezela ngo-1796 kwi-Geneva Society of Arts. Kodwa ukuveliswa kwayo ngokukhawuleza kwasasazeka kwimimandla efana nale I-Sainte-Croix o Ndingene.

IGastronomy

Ekugqibeleni, siya kuphelisa ukhenketho lwethu lwezithethe zaseSwitzerland ngokuthetha nawe malunga ne-gastronomy. Ngokuphathelele yena, kwenzeka into efanayo nale siyichazile ngeewotshi. Idume ehlabathini lonke itshokholethi yelizwe laseSwitzerland.

Nangona kunjalo, njengoko uyazi, le mveliso yavela eMelika ngenkulungwane ye-XNUMX. Ngayiphi na imeko, itshokolethi yaseSwitzerland yakhawuleza yafumana udumo lwamazwe ngamazwe ngenxa yeeresiphi ezinjengomxube wayo nobisi lweAlpine, ngenxa UDaniel peter, okanye itshokolethi kwawewadalwa ngu URodolphe Lindt.

Enye quintessential imveliso Swiss itshizi. Iindidi zayo zininzi kangangokuba ungahamba ilizwe uzama ngazo (zimalunga namakhulu amane anamashumi amahlanu). Uninzi lwetyala lukwabangelwa lubisi olumangalisayo oluvela kwimihlambi yeAlpine. Phakathi kweetshizi ezidumileyo zesizwe zi IGruyère, ivumba elimnandi Isixhobo okanye ISbrinz, uhlobo olupholileyo.

Kule mveliso kuza esinye sezidlo eziqhelekileyo zaseSwitzerland: i fondue, engeyonto ngaphandle kwetshizi enyityilisiweyo etyiwa ngokudipha amaqhekeza esonka abanjwe ngefolokhwe ekhethekileyo. Ifakwa kwimbiza yeceramic ebizwa ngokuba yicaquelón. Uhlobo lomahluko yi iraclette, equlethe, ngaphezu kweeshizi ezinyibilikisiweyo, iifatata eziphekiweyo ezingaphekiweyo, i-anyanisi, ukhukhamba, iviniga kunye nesardadi.

Ngenxalenye yalo, i iilplermagronen Sisidlo esibandakanya iitapile zegratin, i-macaroni, itswele, i-cream kunye netshizi kwaye ihanjiswa ngokuhonjiswa kweeapile ezihluziweyo. Kwaye i umhlwa Luhlobo lwe-omelette yezambane, kodwa ngaphandle kweqanda, kuba ibophelela kunye nesitashi se-tuber ngokwayo.

Ngokuphathelele isidlo sakusasa saseSwitzerland, mhlawumbi esona sidumileyo sibizwa ngokuba birchermüesli, eyenziwe ngejisi lemon, ubisi oluncitshisiweyo, i-oats edibeneyo, i-apula egayiweyo kunye ne-almonds okanye i-hazelnuts.

Ngenxalenye yalo, i zürcher geschnetzelte Yinyama yenkomo ehanjiswa nge-cream sauce, amakhowa kunye ne-rösti. Kwaye i ibhiya Yinguqulelo yaseSwitzerland yeesoseji zaseJamani. Ngokuphathelele iziselo, i ijusi ye-apile Ithandwa kakhulu kwaye kunjalo i-cider kunye newayini.

Ukuqukumbela, sikubonise ezinye Izithethe zaseSwitzerland. Kodwa kukho ezinye izinto ezinomdla kakhulu ezifana nezo zihlobene nazo Izinxibo zengingqi; iminxeba iholide yokuvuna, namhlanje incitshiswe kwiholide apho kutyiwa iisoseji kunye newayini kunxilwa, okanye umdlalo okhethekileyo welizwe: i hornussen, equka, ukuthetha ngokubanzi, ukuphosa i-disc kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Ukwazi zonke ezi zithethe zelizwe laseSwitzerland, kufuneka nje uye kulityelela.