IMongolia, ukhenketho olungaqhelekanga

Jonga imephu kwaye ujonge iMongolia kuyo. Musa ukudideka kunye nommandla waseTshayina, kodwa ulapho nje, usondele kakhulu. IMongolia lilizwe elingqongwe ngumhlaba kodwa kukho abamelwane abanamandla kakhulu njenge China ne Russia.

Ngaba ukhe weva ngoGenghis Khan? Ewe, wayengumMongolia kwaye wayeyinkokeli yobukhosi obubaluleke kakhulu. Ngapha koko, i-China yayinabalawuli baseMongol. Imbali yayo yezopolitiko iyaphazamiseka kodwa ukusukela nge20s yenkulungwane ephelileyo lilizwe elizimeleyo kwaye ukuba uyajonga Iindawo ezingaqhelekanga… Ucinga ntoni ngale nto?

Mongoliya

Lilizwe elikhulu kodwa kwangaxeshanye linabemi abambalwa kakhulu kwikhilomitha nganye yesikwere somhlaba. Okwangoku uninzi lwabo ngoonothwalandwe kunye nabemi abangoonothwal 'impahlana kwaye nangona uninzi lungabemi bohlanga lwaseMongolia kukho ubuhlanga obuncinci.

Indawo yayo ilawulwa ngu Intlango yeGobi, amathafa kunye ne-steppes.  Amahashe akhe adumile, kunye nabo uGenghis Khan wenza ubukhosi bakhe kwaye wayengomnye wabazukulwana bakhe owasungula iYan Dynasty e-China athetha ngayo uMarco Polo kumabali akhe okuhamba.

AmaMongol alwa ixesha elide kunye namaManchu, esinye sezizwana ezaza kulawula ubukhosi baseTshayina, de ekugqibeleni ummandla wahlulwa waba yiriphabliki ezimeleyo kwaye yintsimi yaseTshayina ebizwa ngokuba yi-Inner Mongolia yanamhlanje.

Idolophu enkulu yayo yi-Ulaanbaatar, isixeko esibandayo ukuba kukho xa kusebusika. Bangaba -45 ºC! Ngokucacileyo, akukho kuhamba ebusika ngaphandle kokuba ufuna ukufumana amava amabanjwa kaStalin ekufanele ukuba abe nawo ekuthinjweni kwabo ... Uqoqosho lwaseMongolia lusekwe kubutyebi bendalo, amalahle, ioyile kunye nobhedu ngokusisiseko.

Ufika njani eMongolia

Isikhululo senqwelomoya saseGenghis Khan simalunga neekhilomitha ezili-18 kumzantsi-ntshona weUlaanbaatar. I-Korean Air, i-Air China, i-Mongolian Airlines, i-Aeroflot okanye i-Turkish igcina iinqwelo-moya eziqhelekileyo, phakathi kwezinye iinkampani, ngoko Unokufika ngenqwelomoya ngokuthe ngqo ukusuka eJamani, eJapan, eHong Kong, eTurkey, eRashiya nase China kunye nonxibelelwano oluvela kwihlabathi liphela..

Ukuba nawe unomdla kukho iTrans-Siberian Train edumileyo, yeyona inde ehlabathini. Ukusuka eBeijing ukuya eSaint Petersburg kuphantse kube malunga neekhilomitha ezingamawaka asibhozo kwaye lisebe laseTrans Mongolian elibaleka ukusuka kumda waseRussia nge-Ulaanbaatar ukuya kumda waseTshayina. Olunjani lona uhambo! I-1.100 yeekhilomitha iyonke ebaleka ngaphakathi kweMongolia. Ukwenza uhambo ngalo loliwe ngamava amahle ngokwawo, ngaphaya kwendawo ekuyiwa kuyo. Kufana nohambo oluya e-Ithaca.

Uninzi lukhetha ukuthatha uhambo lwaseMoscow- Ulaanbaatar-Beijing. Phakathi kweMoscow neUlaanbaatar ziintsuku ezintlanu kwaye ukusuka eBeijing ukuya eUlaanbaatar ziiyure ezingama-36. Inqwelwana nganye ineekhabhi ezisithoba ezineebhedi ezine kwaye ngemali ethe kratya kancinci ufumana iikhabhathi ezingamawele. Amatikiti athengwa kwi-intanethi ukusuka kwindawo ethi www.eticket-ubtz.mn/mn kwaye kufuneka ithengwe kwinyanga enye ngaphambi kwexesha.

Kodwa Ufanele ukuya nini eMongolia? Njengoko besesitshilo Ubusika bunzima kakhulu. Imozulu apha igqithile kodwa ilanga lihlala likhanya kwaye kulungile. IMongolia iyonwabele ngaphezulu kweentsuku ezingama-200 zokukhanya kwelanga ukuze isibhakabhaka sayo sihlale siluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka phantse unyaka wonke. Ubuhle. Ngapha koko Ixesha labakhenkethi liqala ngoMeyi ukuya kuSeptemba nangona kuya kufuneka ukhumbule ukuba imozulu iyahluka ngokwendawo yelizwe. Imvula ininzi ukusuka ngoJulayi ukuya kuAgasti, Ewe ngokunjalo.

Ixesha elihle lokuya eMongolia liphakathi kuJulayi. Baninzi abantu kodwa kufanelekile kuba kuxa i UMnyhadala weSizwe weNaadam esiza kuthetha ngayo kamva. Okokugqibela, uyayifuna i-visa? Amanye amazwe akenzi njalo, kodwa ayingabo uninzi. Ngapha koko i-visa iqhutywa kumzi wozakuzo nakwizindlu zommeli Kwaye ukuba akukho mntu kwilizwe lakho, unokufaka isicelo kwilizwe elikufuphi nelakho elinalo okanye ulifumane xa ufika, kodwa luyinkimbinkimbi lulwimi.

I-visa yabakhenkethi ziintsuku ezingama-30 kwaye nje ukuba uyifumane, isemthethweni ukuba ingasetyenziswa kwiinyanga ezintathu ezizayo eziza kukhutshwa. Kwiinkqubo bacela ileta yesimemo ke ukuba uya kukhenketho olulungelelanisiweyo ubuza iarhente. Kude kube sekupheleni kuka-2015 amanye amazwe ebekhululwe kwivisa kodwa yayikukukhuthaza ukhenketho (iSpain yayikolu luhlu), kodwa kucingelwa ukuba ukunyuswa sele kugqityiwe ngaphambi kokuhamba.

Yintoni ongayibona eMongolia

Ukujonga eMongolia emephini sinokuzahlula kwiindawo ezahlukileyo ngokweendawo ezibalaseleyo. Ikomkhulu likumbindi wommandla kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo iya kuba lisango lakho ke nolu luhlu lwe yintoni ongayibona e-Ulaanbaatar:

• ISukhbaatar Square. Sisikwere esiphambili kwaye sinomfanekiso oqingqiweyo walomfo usembindini, umntu othandwa kakhulu kwilizwe lakhe. Kujikeleze iBallet kunye neOpera Theatre, iNdlu yeNkcubeko kunye nePalamente, umzekelo.
• I-monastery yaseGandan. Ibisendaweni yayo ukusukela nge-1838 kodwa ngaphambi kokuba ibe sembindini wedolophu. Ikhule kakhulu ukusukela ngoko kwaye namhlanje igcina iimonki ezingama-5 40 zamaBhuda. UbuBuddha babandezeleka phantsi kobuKomanisi kwaye iitempile ezintlanu zeemonki ekuthethwa ngazo zatshatyalaliswa. Ngokuwa kweSoviet Union, yonke into yayihlaziyekile, i-monasteri yabuyiselwa kwaye namhlanje inobomi obuninzi. IneBuddha engangeemitha ezingama-XNUMX.
• IMyuziyam yeMbali yeNacional. Yeyona ilungileyo ukufunxa imbali yelizwe ukusuka kwiLitye Age ukuya kwinkulungwane yama-XNUMX.
• IMyuziyam kaZwelonke yeMbali yeNdalo. Kuyafana, kodwa ukwazi kubunzulu bezityalo, izilwanyana kunye nejografi yalo mhlaba ukude. Amathambo eDinosaur akasileli,
• UMyuziyam waseBogd Khan. Ngethamsanqa, iiSoviet azikhange ziyitshabalalise kwisiphelo esitshabalalisayo ababesikhokele kwii-30s. Le yayiyibhotwe lobusika laseBogd Khan kwaye namhlanje liyimyuziyam. Imihla yokwakha ukusuka ngenkulungwane ye-XNUMX kwaye uBogd Khan wayengukumkani wokugqibela kunye no-Living Buddha. Kukho iitempile ezintandathu ezintle kwizitiya zayo.

Ngamafutshane, yile nto inikezelwa sisixeko, kodwa emaphethelweni ungazi phakathi kwezinye iindawo ekuya kuzo ezi zilandelayo:

• Intaba yeBogd Khan yeSizwe. Emazantsi edolophu elikomkhulu kwaye eneneni intaba entsonkothileyo enemizobo emiqolombeni kunye neentlobo ngeentlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana. Ngaphakathi kukho isigodlo esidala esivela kwinkulungwane ye-20th kunye neetempile ezingama-XNUMX kunye neembono eziqaqambileyo zentlambo.
• Ipaki yeSizwe yaseGorkhi-Terelj. Ziikhilomitha ezingama-80 ukusuka esixekweni kwaye zibonelela ngokhenketho lwangaphandle olunje ngokuhamba intaba, ukukhwela ihashe, ukuhamba ngebhayisikile entabeni nokunye. Yintlambo entle enamatye amile kakuhle, iincopho zompayini, kunye namadlelo aluhlaza agcwele iintyatyambo zasendle.
• Indawo yokuGcina indalo yeGun Galuut. Indawo efanelekileyo xa uthanda izilwanyana, amachibi, iintaba, imilambo kunye nemigxobhozo. Yonke into ekubekweni okufanayo.
• Indawo yokuGcina izilwanyana yaseKhustai. Ziikhilomitha ezingama-95 ukusuka kwikomkhulu kunye namahashe asendle okugqibela emhlabeni ahlala apho. Ziyaziwa ngegama lamahashe kaPrzewalski, emva komhloli wamazwe wasePoland owazibonayo ngo-1878, kwaye emva kokuba phantse zaphela namhlanje ziintlobo ezikhuselweyo.

Kweli nqaku lokuqala malunga neMongolia sigxile ekunikezeleni ngolwazi malunga nelizwe, indlela yokufika khona, into oyifunayo ukuze ungene kunye neyona ndawo yokhenketho kwikomkhulu nakwiindawo ezikufutshane. Kodwa njengoko besitshilo, iMongolia inkulu ngoko ke siza kuqhubeka siyifumana kunye.