Yintoni onokuyibona eLa Granja de San Ildefonso

Phendula umbuzo Yintoni onokuyibona eLa Granja de San Ildefonso Ilula, kuba yenye yezona ndawo zidumileyo zabakhenkethi eSpain. Njengoko kwenzeka kunye Aranjuez, inophawu lwe Indawo yasebukhosini ngokuba ibingumzi wokuphumla ookumkani, ababephelekwa sisininzi sentendelezo.

Kuzo zonke ezi zizathu, eLa Granja ungandwendwela amabhotwe amahle, iigadi ezimangalisayo, izindlu ezincedisayo kunye neetempile ezikumgangatho obalaseleyo wokwakha. Kwaye zonke zenziwe ngendlela engaqhelekanga indalo yeentaba zaseValsaínkwi ISierra de Guadarrama. Ukuba ufuna ukufumanisa into onokuyibona eLa Granja de San Ildefonso, siyakukhuthaza ukuba uqhubeke ufunda.

Ibhotwe lasebukhosini laseLa Granja de San Ildefonso

Esi sakhiwo sikhulu sakhiwa ngokomyalelo kakumkani UFilipu V ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-XNUMX njengendawo yokuphumla kwiintsuku zakhe zokuzingela. Iprojekthi yenziwe ngumyili wezakhiwo Theodore Ardemans, owaphefumlelwa yi Ibhotwe laseVersailles. Nangona kunjalo, umzimba ophakathi we-façade wawuqhutywe ngu Filippo Juvarra.

Ibhotwe, kunye nezakhiwo zalo ezihlonyelweyo, lineplani emise u-U kwaye lenza yonke kunye neegadi. Konke oku siza kuthetha ngako kamva. Kwakhona kuphawuleka ukuba kukho iipatios zayo ezimbini: leyo yeHorseshoe neyeeMoto, apho uya kufikelela kwisakhiwo. Sele ungaphakathi, uya kuxabisa umhlobiso oqaqambileyo. Phakathi kwamagumbi abalaseleyo yi Igumbi lobukhosi kunye igumbi laseJapan. Kodwa iya kutsala ingqalelo yakho Igalari yeMifanekiso eqingqiweyo, kumgangatho ophantsi.

imiyezo yebhotwe

Njengoko besinixelele, babumba yonke ibhotwe, abalingqongileyo. Ubude bayo abukho ngaphantsi Iihektare ezingama-146 kuquka nendawo yehlathi. Kodwa imiyezo ngokwayo yayiyilwe yiGaul URené Carlier, owalandelwa ngumntu wakowabo UStephen Boutelou. Ngesi sizathu, bathatha imiyezo ye isimbo saseFransi ngezinto zamaTaliyane.

Bakwazile nokudibanisa izitalato zayo kunye neendlela ngokugqibeleleyo kwindawo ezingqongileyo Iintaba zaseValsaín. Ngokunjalo, ukuze zinkcenkceshelwe, zenze ichibi kwindawo ephezulu ethi, ngokusebenzisa inkqubo yehydraulic, ithumele amanzi kuzo zonke iikona zegadi. Uxinzelelo lwayo, ludala imidlalo emihle yamanzi.

Kodwa yintoni ebalaseleyo ngakumbi amashumi amabini ananye emithombo yesikhumbuzo oko kuhombisa Zaye zadalwa liqela labakroli ababekho phakathi kwabo URene Fermin, Hubert Demandre, UJean Thierry y Pedro Pitue. Bakhuthazwa yi Iintsomi zamandulo kwaye iquka izithixo, imizekeliso nemiboniso yaloo mntu. Ngokunjalo, ekuqaleni kwakucingelwa ukuba zizakhe ngobhedu, kodwa iindleko ezigqithisileyo zenza ilothe isetyenziswe. Njengesampulu yale mithombo, siya kukucaphula ezo zoDumo, zoMdyarho wamaHashe, ezoMoya okanye iNgxangxasi eNtsha.

Ekugqibeleni, ungalibali labyrinth yenzelwe ngu Iblond. Kodwa, kunye nebhotwe kunye negadi, kukho ezinye izakhiwo ezenza iRoyal Site yaseSan Ildefonso. Siza kuthetha ngazo zonke.

Inkonzo yaseRoyal Collegiate kaBathathu Emnye

Uyilo lwayo lwenziwe kwakhona Theodore Ardemans, nangona yagqitywa ngamaTaliyane Andrea procaccini y Sempronio Subissati. Ukuphendula ku imilinganiselo yeklasiBakha isakhiwo esineenqaba ezintle kunye nezindlu. Yakhiwa kungekudala emva kwebhotwe ukuze isebenze njengomkhosi wasebukhosini. Phofu bangcwatyelwe khona UFilipu V nomfazi wakhe, UElizabeth waseFarnese.

Babeza kungcwatywa kwindawo ebizwa Icawa yeeRelics, kodwa, ekugqibeleni, bahlelwa kwi-crypt emva kwesibingelelo esikhulu. Ngaphakathi kwicawa ye-collegiate, ngokunjalo, imizobo ye Francisco Bayeu kunye, kanye, isibingelelo sesibingelelo esikhankanywe ngasentla, umsebenzi wesibingelelo UFrancisco Solimena, emele i Utatu oNgcwele. Ingqwalasela yakho iya kutsalwa nakwiindawo zekwayara kunye ne-tribune yasebukhosini, enxibelelana nebhotwe kwaye ivumele ookumkani ukuba balandele izenzo zonqulo.

Indlu yabantwana

Yakhiwa ngu Jose Diaz Gamones ukuba kuhlaliswe intsalela yeentsana zasebukhosini. Libhotwe elihle elineplani yomgangatho oxande kunye neepatio ezintathu zangaphakathi. Njengazo zonke izakhiwo zaseLa Granja, iyaphendula Uhlobo lwe-neoclassical, nangona kule meko kunye neenkumbulo ezithile ze-baroque.

Bakhe iifom zilungile, kunye ne-façade ephambili enezivulo ze-symmetrical kunye ne-triangular pediments kumgangatho wesibini. Ngokufanayo, umnyango uncitshiswe ube ngumngxuma kunye ne-lintel kunye ne-pediment ukuyigqiba. Ekugqibeleni, i-cornice yegranite ifikelela kuvuthondaba kule façade. Akuyi kuba nzima kuwe ukutyelela lo buhle, kuba, okwangoku, kunjalo ihostele yabakhenkethi.

Olunye ulwakhiwo oluya kubona eLa Granja de San Ildefonso

Kunye nazo zonke ezi zinto zingasentla, ibhotwe lenziwe zezinye izakhiwo eziya kubonwa eLa Granja de San Ildefonso. Phakathi kwezi, i Indlu yamanenekazi, eyayiyeyokuqala kurhwebo olwalukho edolophini kwaye eyayisetyenziswa njengendawo yokuhlala yookumkani ngenkulungwane ye-XNUMX. Kakade ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-XNUMX yatshatyalaliswa ngumlilo otshabalalisayo, kodwa yaphinda yakhiwa. Okwangoku, unokubona kuyo okuchukumisayo Imyuziyam yeTapestry, enezindlu ezingaphezu kwamawaka amabini amaqhekeza, ezinye zazo ziFlemish ukususela kwinkulungwane ye-XNUMX neye-XNUMX.

Kufuneka kwakhona ubone ukwakhiwa kwe izitali zasebukhosini, kwakhona ukusuka kwi-XVIII. Izalisekise umsebenzi obonakaliswe ngegama layo kwaye ineplani yomgangatho wexande, kunye ne-façade ejongene nePlaza de España, phambi kwesinye isakhiwo esinomdla esivela kwixesha elifanayo, Iinkampu zabalindi beCorps. Nangona kunjalo, awuyi kukwazi ukutyelela ingaphakathi layo kuba ngoku yenzelwe amakhaya abantu.

Akukho nzala ingaphantsi INdlu yeeCanons, eyakhiwa ngenkulungwane ye-XNUMX ukuze kuthabathel’ indawo leyo yangaphambili nayo eyatshatyalaliswa ngomlilo. Kungenxa yomyili wezakhiwo Isidro Velasco, owayila isakhiwo se-neoclassical kunye nesicwangciso sesikwere kunye nokuphakama okune. Ngokukwanjalo, icwangciswe malunga nepatio yangaphakathi eneegalari ezineeporico kunye nomthombo. Namhlanje isetyenziswa njengeholo kunye nethiyetha. Ukongeza, likomkhulu le IZiko likaKatarina Gurska, iziko elizinikele ekukhuthazeni iindlela ezintsha zokubonisa ubugcisa.

Ngenxalenye yalo, i Indlu yoRhwebo Yaqala ngo-1725, nangona kwafuneka yakhiwe kwakhona kamva ngenxa yomnye umlilo. Khumbula ukuba, ngelo xesha, ubukhulu bezakhiwo zezakhiwo zazenziwe ngamaplanga. Ngoko ke, kwakungeyonto ingaqhelekanga ukuba babevutha lula. Ukubuyiselwa kwakungenxa yoku kuchazwe ngasentla Sempronio Subissati, owayila ulwakhiwo lwesilivere oluxande ngobude obuhlukeneyo ngokuxhomekeka kwii-facades kunye neepatios ezintathu. Umsebenzi wayo ibikukwenza indlu iiofisi zabaphathiswa, kodwa, okwangoku, ikwayinjongo yezindlu.

IRoyal Crystal Factory yaseLa Granja

Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-XNUMX, iSan Ildefonso yayinomzi-mveliso weglasi owawuza kuba ngowona ubalulekileyo eYurophu. Enyanisweni, iingcali ezinkulu zexesha lakhe zasebenza kuyo, njengeFrentshi Dionysus Sibert okanye iJamani john eder. Oku akuncinci kwiworkshop eyadalwa ekuqaleni ukubonelela ibhotwe ngeekristale.

Imini yayo yafika malunga ne-1770, xa isakhiwo osibonayo namhlanje sakhiwa. Oku yi umzekelo obalaseleyo woyilo lwenkulungwane ye-XNUMX kwaye iqulathe i-nave esembindini ene-vault ye-barrel kunye nezimbini ezisecaleni kwimilo yomnqamlezo. phendula ku Uhlobo lwe-neoclassical ngexesha layo kwaye inentendelezo enkulu esembindini. Ngaphandle, i-façade yayo esemazantsi igqame ngee-transepts kunye nedome ehonjiswe ngee-polygonal domes.

Uyilo lwesi sakhiwo esikhulu se-178 ngeemitha ezili-132 zenziwa ngoku khankanywe ngasentla Jose Diaz Gamones, nangona inxalenye yayo esempuma kuthiwa yenziwa UJuan de Villanueva. Wawunomzi-mveliso ngokwawo, indawo yokugcina amaplanga nezindlu zabasebenzi. Okwangoku, ungandwendwela i-magnificent Imyuziyam yeglasi.

Ezinye iicawa zokubona eLa Granja de San Ildefonso

Kodwa into oza kuyibona eLa Granja de San Ildefonso ayipheli ngebhotwe kunye nokuxhomekeka kwayo. Le dolophu incinci kwiphondo le Segovia Ikwanazo nezinye iitempile ezintle. Yimeko ye Icawa yoMama wethu Wosizi, eyiBaroque ngokwesitayile kwaye ineplani yoxande kunye ne-nave enye eneecawa ezisecaleni. Ngaphakathi, igcina umzobo oxabisekileyo weVirgen de los Dolores, umsebenzi we ULuis Salvador Carmona.

Sikucebisa ukuba undwendwele Icawa yoMama wethu weRosari, i-neoclassical kunye neenkumbulo zeBaroque kwaye, ngokufanayo, inomzobo kaKristu ngeCarmona ekhankanywe ngasentla; leyo kaSaint Elizabeth, kunye nezinto zayo zeMudejar, kunye ne Icawa yeSanta John Nepomuk, eyaqala ngasekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-XNUMX kwaye ibalasele ngobungcathu bayo.

Bauer House kunye neRiofrio Palace

Siyalugqiba ukhenketho lwethu lwezinto esinokuzibona eLa Granja de San Ildefonso kwezi zakhiwo zimbini. Eyokuqala libhotwe elinobungangamsha ngenxa Jose Diaz Gamones, esele siyicaphule izihlandlo eziliqela. izipho iimpawu ze-neoclassical, nangona ikona yayo egobileyo ikhumbuza iBaroque. Isakhiwo sonke sichazwe malunga nepatio ephakathi kwaye sifumana igama laso Ignatius Bauer, owayithenga ngenkulungwane ye-XNUMX waza wayijizeka ngezitiya ezintle osazibonayo nanamhlanje.

Ngenxalenye yalo, i I-Riofrio Palace Ayifumaneka eSan Ildefonso, kodwa malunga neekhilomitha ezisixhenxe ukusuka apho. Lulwakhiwo lwe isitayile saseTaliyane yenzelwe ngu Virgilio Rabaglio ngesicelo sika UElizabeth waseFarnese. Ubukhulu bayo obukhulu kunye nesicwangciso somgangatho wesikwere siya kubamba ingqalelo yakho. Kananjalo inezakhiwo ezongezelelweyo, phakathi kwazo indlu yenkonzoingakumbi obutofotofo.

Ukuqukumbela, sizame ukushwankathela yonke into Yintoni onokuyibona eLa Granja de San Ildefonso. Yenye yeedolophu ezintle kakhulu kwiphondo lase Segovia, kodwa unokuyonwabela indawo yayo yendalo emangalisayo, eneendawo ezifana ne ijethi enkulu, Pena Berruecos, Las Iibhoyila zoMlambo iCambrones okanye Indlela yeeNdawo zaseRoyal ukuya eValsaín. Yiba nesibindi sokuyazi le ndawo ikhethekileyo.