Ukuthetha ngeYiputa kukuthetha Nile river river. Lo mlambo uzalelwa kummandla weethafa leGreat African Lakes, uhamba ngaphezu kweekhilomitha ezingama-6000 ngaphambi kokuba ugalele amanzi kuLwandle lweMeditera. Isitya sawo sahlulwe sangamacandelo amabini: elinye lenziwe ngeendidi eziphezulu neziphakathi zomlambo kwaye enye yenziwe ngendlela engezantsi yomNayile.Iikhosi eziphezulu neziphakathi zahlukile kububanzi ukusuka eKhartoum, ikomkhulu laseSudan. , udlula ngebhakethi elivulekele emantla. Lakhe mozulu Kuqhelekile eNtshona naseSahara eAfrika, njengoko inendawo eyintlango, amathafa kunye neendawo ezisemathafeni. Inxalenye esezantsi yomlambo okanye ekwabizwa ngokuba yinxalenye esemantla, iyahambelana ne-Egypt.
E-Egypt, umlambo emva kokudlula Iingxangxasi zomNayile iphakathi kwaye ityebise ukuhamba kwayo kunye negalelo lamanzi emvula yase-Itiyopiya, inika ukwanda komgama we-2 ukuya kuma-25 eekhilomitha ububanzi owenza i-oasis kwaye enabela kwi-Delta. Inkqubo ye- zamanzi singazifumana zinyuka: eyokuqala ibekwe eAswan kwaye eyesibini iseWadi Haifa. Kuhambo oludlula eYiputa, umlambo uhamba ngokugqibeleleyo.
UmNayile wahlula ilizwe libe liPhezulu, ePhakathi kunye nasezantsi i-Egypt. Amanqanaba okuqala ukusuka kumda weNubia ukuya kububanzi beHermopolis, malunga nalapho i-Middle Egypt iqala khona. Apha, ingalo yomlambo, eya entshona, iya kungena kwiLake Moeris, emi emazantsi oxinzelelo lwe-El Fayum, iimitha ezingama-400 ngaphantsi komphakamo wolwandle. Eli chibi linciphile ngobukhulu kangangokuba isixeko samandulo saseCocodrilópolis, esikunxweme lwaso, namhlanje simalunga neekhilomitha ezingama-20 ukusuka kuso. I-Egypt esezantsi iyahambelana ngqo ne-Delta.
EYiputa, UmNayile uhamba ngokubanzi, ucotha kwaye uqhelekile, kodwa oku kuqhelekile kwaphulwa kanye ngonyaka xa isonyuka kakhulu ngenxa yemvula ewela kumthambo wase-Ethiopia ngexesha lasehlotyeni. Amanzi athwala iialluvium ze-basaltic ezenza umhlaba odumileyo wesichumiso obomvu, owongeza izibonelelo kwabo bancediswe ngunogumbe. Oku kuqala ngoJuni, kufikelela kwelona liphezulu ngoSeptemba kwaye kuhlala kude kube phakathi ku-Okthobha. Kusuka apho xa amanzi ehla kwakhona, efikelela kwinqanaba lawo elincinci ngeenyanga zikaFebruwari nango-Matshi. Olu lwazi lubalulekile ukwazi xa umisela imihla yohambo lwethu oluya eYiphutha.
Imozulu eYiphutha
Imozulu iyintlango enemvula yonyaka engaphantsi kwama-250 mm (eCairo, kuphela yi-30 mm). Le mozulu yomileyo ichaza ubukhulu becala Ukulondolozwa okugqwesileyo kwezikhumbuzo zamandulo kunye nezidumbu.
Njengoko kuqhelekile kwezi zimo zezulu, i-oscillation ye-thermal ukusuka emini nasebusuku ichazwa kakhulu. Inkqubo ye- Ubusika abumnene kunye Ehlotyeni, kushushu kakhulu, yancitshiswa kancinci emantla yimimoya evela kuLwandle lweMeditera, etsalwa yindawo yoxinzelelo oluphantsi lwangaphakathi olufudumeleyo.
Intlango ihlala iipesenti ezingama-97 zommandla wangoku wase-Egypt. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukwahlula phakathi kweendawo eziziintlango ezandisa empuma nasentshona yomNayile.Iyokuqala yenza ukwanda kwentlango yaseArabhiya, eneentaba kunye nokuphakama ukuya kuthi ga kwi-2000 m. Ngasentshona, i-erg enkulu yaseLibya iyanda, kwithafa elinenkathalo, kunye ne-oases.
Abemi kunye nolwimi lwabo
I-Egyptology yakudala ibithathela ingqalelo inani labemi base-Yiphutha njengemvelaphi yase-Afrika, yeqela leelwimi zaseCamiti, elinabemi abavela eSomalia baya eLibya. Ibiya kuba iyishiya imimandla njengoko intlango ibazuzile ukuze ekugqibeleni bazinze kwintlambo echumileyo yoMlambo iNayile (apho ukuloba nokuzingela bekuyintabalala).
Inani labemi beliya kudityaniswa ngokuhamba kwexesha, amaSemite avela eAsia ngeSinayi, kunye namaNubiya asemazantsi. Kungenxa yesi sizathu ukuba ulwimi lwase-Egypt luthathwa njengonxibelelwano neqela lasentshona le-Semitic.
Ngoku ukuba uyayazi imeko ye-Egypt kunye nemozulu yayo unyaka wonke, ukulungele ukukhetha owona mhla wokuhamba. Ungalibali ukutyelela iiphiramidi ezidumileyo kweli lizwe: IPyramidi enkulu yaseGiza, amangcwaba okanye ii-cenotaphs zeefaro Cheops, iKhafre neMenkaure, njl. Kwaye unayo i-Egypt kuluhlu lwakho lwamazwe oza kuhamba kuwo?