Namhlanje ihlabathi lanamhlanje likhethe imimangaliso yalo, kodwa ngokwembali Imimangaliso yeLizwe laMandulo Zezona zaziwa kakhulu kwaye zezona zivuse iingcinga zethu sonke.
Ngubani ongazange aphuphe ngokuhamba kwiiGadi eziHlangayo zaseBhabheli, ebona iLightouse yaseAlexandria ikhanyisile okanye imisa ezantsi kweColossus yaseRhodes, umzekelo? Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngalo mmangaliso wokugqibela, umfanekiso oqingqiweyo omkhulu owawukhe wakho kwisiqithi saseRhodes, eGrisi.
Rhodes
Rhodes Sesona siqithi sikhulu seDodecanese Islands, ungaselunxwemeni lwaseTurkey kwaye uthotho lweentaba luhamba ngalo ukusuka emantla ukuya emazantsi. Inenkulungwane yembali kuba abantu abaninzi badlulile apha, amaMinoans, amaDorian, amaGrike, amaRoma, iByzantium, i-Ottomans, ama-Italiya, umzekelo.
Isixeko esiPhakathi saseRhodes sabhengezwa Ilifa lehlabathi kwaye namhlanje, nangona ingasaphakamanga njengakuqala, esi siqithi siyathandwa kwiColossus yaseRhodes.
IColossus yaseRhodes
Ibali le-colossus liqala nge Indawo yeDemetrios Poliorketes, owangena ezihlangwini zika-Alejando el Grande, unyaka wonke 305 BC Iidemetrios woyiswa Ekumkeni kwakhe eRhodes washiya ngasemva bonke oomatshini bemfazwe besiza. Abaphumeleleyo, kwelabo icala, bathathe isigqibo sokukhumbula isibindi kunye noloyiso ngokwakha umfanekiso wabo omkhulu uthixo omthandayo: Helios, uthixo welanga.
Kubonakala ngathi lo msebenzi wawela kumqingqi uChares de Lindos, umfundi kaLysippos (noxanduva lomfanekiso oqingqiweyo kaZeus weemitha ezili-19), kwaye Ithathe iminyaka elishumi elinambini ekugqibeni umsebenzi. IColossus yaseRhodes yayinesiseko semabhile emhlophe kwaye iinyawo zecolossus zazimiswa kuqala. Ke, kancinane kancinane, umfanekiso oqingqiweyo wawusiya usiya phezulu kunye namalungu angaphandle obhedu aqiniswe ngentsimbi kunye nelitye emathanjeni alo. Njengokuba iphakama, iirampu ziyafuneka ngoko ke bekukho inkqubo engaguquguqukiyo yokuhlanganisa nokudibanisa izakhiwo zeefreyimu.
Abakhi bakhetha ubhedu, ingxubevange yobhedu kunye nentsimbi, ukuba bakhathalele loo mfanekiso. Nangona kunjalo, icolossus yayinamathambo entsimbi kunye namacwecwe obhedu abekwe kuyo, ngokuqinisekileyo omelele ngaphezu kwentsimbi kwaye anokumelana neemeko zemozulu ezimbi kakhulu, kule meko umoya kunye namanzi agcwele ityuwa.
IColossus yaseRhodes yayiziimitha ezingama-33 ukuphakama kodwa yayimi malunga neminyaka engama-56. Ngo-266 BC isiqithi saseRhodes safumana ubunzima obukhulu inyikima. Isixeko sifumene umonakalo omkhulu kwaye kwa loo Colossus yaphuka kweyona ndawo ibuthathaka, iqatha. Ngeli xesha isiqithi sasinobudlelwane obuhle kunye nabalawuli base-Egypt, ke UPtolemy III wathembisa ukuhlawula iindleko zokubuyiselwa.
Nangona kunjalo, abahlali besi siqithi baya kwi-oracle, edumileyo Umlomo weDelphi, kwaye oku kuthiwa Ukubuyiselwa kwakungeyonto ilungileyo ke ekugqibeleni esi siqithi sisenqabile isicelo esinobubele somlawuli wase-Egypt. Yiyo loo nto, eIColossus yashiywa ingamabhodlo ... kakuhle, phantse ngonaphakade ayizange iphinde yakhiwe. Okuninzi esikwaziyo ngaye kuza kuthi ngamazwi kaPliny uMdala, owathi "nokuba ulele phantsi uyamangalisa."
Inqaku lelokuba iColossus yaseRhodes yayi wonakaliswe ngu phantse iminyaka eliwaka. Ngo-654 AD ama-Arabhu ahlasela isiqithi saseRhodes kwaye abazange balibazise ixesha elide dibanisa into eseleyo yomfanekiso oqingqiweyo athengise izinto kumaYuda aseSiriya. Ibali lokuba bathuthwa ngeenkamela ezingama-900 lisaphila unanamhla. Ngaba kwakunokuba njalo? Onjani wona umboniso!
Inyani ke yile yokuba ummangaliso welizwe lakudala wawumi nje kancinci ngaphezulu kwesiqingatha senkulungwane kwaye ulele i-90% yobukho bayo. Okwangoku, kwakumangalisa kangangokuba yaba yinxalenye yeqela elikhethiweyo leMangaliso yeLizwe laMandulo. Uninzi lwemifanekiso esiyibonayo, eyakha ngokutsha, bayifumana kwizibuko laseMandraki, Elinye lamazibuko amaninzi kwesi siqithi, kodwa Kunzima ukukholelwa Ukwazi imilinganiselo exuberant yolwakhiwo.
Kobo bude kunye nobunzima akunakulindeleka okanye kuphantse kube nzima ukuba angavuka apho. Nkqu neziqwenga ezaphukileyo bekufanele ukuba ziwele emanzini emva kwenyikima, uphononongo lwamva nje lubonisa ukuba Inokuba inyukile kwindawo ethile ekufuphi nezibuko okanye ngaphakathi. Nokuba yintoni, ngekhe ekungeneni kwezibuko.
Ukuba sicinga ngayo yonke imimangaliso yelo xesha, ekuphela kwento eseleyo emi yiPiramidi eNkulu yaseGiza, e-Egypt. Inyala Kulungile kwi2008 Urhulumente wesiqithi wabhengeza ukuba ucinga ngokucinga ngokwakha entsha Colossus loo nto, ayizukufana nomfanekiso, kodwa yinto yanamhlanje kwaye ilula. Kwakukho nokuthetha ngomdwebi wayo, iJamani uGert Hof, owayezakusebenza eCologne ephethe izixhobo ezivela kwihlabathi liphela.
Oko ngo-2008, kodwa ngo-2015 elinye ibali lavela malunga iqela labakhi bezakhiwo abavela eYurophu abafuna ukwakha enye iColossus ukujoyina izibuko ekungeneni kwizibuko, ukutyeshela umbono ngokubanzi wokuba le ndawo yayingeyiyo eyokuqala, ingeyiyo okanye eyiyo. Kwakukho intetho ngomfanekiso oqingqiweyo ophakame kangangeemitha ezili-150, ophindwe kahlanu kunowokuqala, owakhiwe ngeminikelo kwaye oko kuya kubandakanya ithala leencwadi, indlu yesibane yokukhanya exhaswa ziipaneli zelanga kunye nokunye.
Okwangoku, njengoko kufuneka ucinge akukho projekthi okanye enye iya phambili. Kodwa eso ayisosizathu sokuba ungahambi ukuya eRhodes! Inyaniso, Isiqithi yindawo emnandi yokuhamba, kunye neendawo ezininzi zembali kunye namanxweme amahle. Ukuba seRhodes kukundwendwela elidlulileyo: kukho iinqaba zaseByzantine, iinqaba, iicawa kunye neemonki, kukho iAcropolis yesixeko saseLindos, inqaba yamaxesha aphakathi, iAcropolis yaseRhodes ...
Ukuvala, kwifayile ye- Ibhotwe le-Grand Master yaseRhodes kukho umboniso obizwa ngokuba «IRhodes zakudala, iminyaka engama-2400». Esi sakhiwo ngokwaso sibubutyebi obunomgangatho osezantsi ukusukela kwinkulungwane ye-40 kunye nakwimigangatho ephezulu yamaxesha aphakathi efihliweyo kulwakhiwo lwanamhlanje ukusukela kwiminyaka yoo-12 yenkulungwane yama-1993. Umboniso uhlala kumagumbi ayi-2400 kwaye ubuyela emva ku-XNUMX, xa isixeko sasisekwayo kwiminyaka engama-XNUMX XNUMX eyadlulayo. Ingqokelela ibalaseleyo kwaye namhlanje iyinxalenye yomboniso osisigxina wemyuziyam.