iinqaba ezinde ehlabathini

Las iinqaba ezinde ehlabathini Zizakhiwo zakutsha nje. Noko ke, umntu uye wafuna iindawo eziphakamileyo ukususela ekuqaleni kwexesha. Umzekelo omhle woku kukwakhiwa kwe Iiphiramidi zase-Egypt, eyayiyeyona nto isondeleyo kwizakhiwo eziphakamileyo zanamhlanje kangangeenkulungwane.

Kwakhona kumaXesha Aphakathi, ngakumbi ukususela ekuveleni kwesitayile seGothic, izakhiwo eziphakamileyo kakhulu zakhiwa. Umzekelo, i Icawa yasesanta maria, eLincoln (eNgilani), eyafikelela phantse ikhulu elinamanci mathandathu eemitha. Sele kwinkulungwane ye-XNUMX, inkqubela phambili kwezokwakha yavumela I-Eiffel tower ifikelele kwiimitha ezingama-300 ukuphakama. Kwaye kuthekani nge-1931, xa amaMelika akha, ngo-XNUMX, i ubume besakhiwo sequmrhu, efikelela kuma-381. Ukongezelela, oku kwaphawula ukuqala kwezakhiwo eziphakamileyo ezinkulu, ezingeyonto yimbi ngaphandle kweenqaba ezinde ezikhoyo ngoku ehlabathini. Masikubonise zona.

1.- Burj Khalifa

eyilwe ngumyili wezakhiwo UAdrian smith ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-XNUMX, esi sakhiwo sesona side ehlabathini, kunye naso 828 mitha. Ifumaneka kwisixeko sase Dubai, ikomkhulu le-emirate yama-Arabhu eyaziwayo. Ukwakhiwa kwayo kwaqala ngo-2004 kwaye yasungulwa kwiminyaka emithandathu kamva. Ngokubhekiselele kuhlahlo lwabiwo-mali, yayiyi-4000 yezigidi zeedola, nangona uya kumangaliswa ukwazi ukuba ekugqibeleni ixabisa i-20.

Endaweni yoko, ngobude bayo, awuyi kumangaliswa kukufunda ukuba ibandakanya ezona zinyusi zikhawulezayo emhlabeni. Asiyi kungena kwiinkcukacha zayo zobuchwephesha, ezithandeka ngakumbi. Kodwa siya kukuxelela ukuba iBurj Khalifa inehotele, iindawo ezininzi zokuhlala zabucala, iiofisi, iindawo zokutyela kunye neembono ezimbini. Oyena mde kubo, lowo ubizwayo Umgangatho omtsha, ikumgangatho we-148. Kwaye kwakhona sifanele sikhankanye ukuba ukusebenza kwesi sakhiwo kuntsonkothile kangangokuba, kwimigangatho engamashumi amathathu, sinomatshini oomatshini wokulungisa.

2.- I-Skytree, eyona nqaba inde ehlabathini yonxibelelwano

Kule meko, asithethi ngesakhiwo, kodwa malunga nenqaba yonxibelelwano ekhoyo Tokio. Ewe, yi-antenna enkulu kanomathotholo, kodwa inendawo yokutyela kunye nembono. Kuyo nayiphi na imeko, kunye neemitha ezingama-634, sisakhiwo sesibini ngobukhulu emhlabeni kunye nesokuqala sohlobo lwaso.

Yaqala ukwakhiwa ngo-2007 yaza yaphehlelelwa kwiminyaka emihlanu kamva. Njengomdla wokwazi, siya kukuxelela ukuba inkqubo yayo yokulwa nenyikima isekwe kuleyo yemveli iipagoda zaseJapan. Njengale, intsika ephakathi nendawo yayo engezantsi ingaqinanga. Ngale ndlela, ishukuma njengependulum kwaye ilawula ukungcangcazela okuveliswa yinyikima.

Kwakhona njengenyaniso enomdla, siya kukhankanya ukuba, ekwakhiweni kwayo, abasebenzi abangaphezu kwamakhulu amahlanu amawaka basebenza kwaye ngomhla wokuvulwa kwayo kwatyelelwa ngamawaka angamakhulu amabini. Kwelinye icala, ukuba uya eTokyo, qiniseka ukuba umjongile ebusuku, nini izibane ngemibala eyahlukileyo kunye nenhle.

3.- Shanghai Central Tower

Isixeko esikhulu saseTshayina iShanghai sizidla ngezona nqaba zinde ehlabathini. Ngokukodwa, uninzi lwazo lugxile kwisithili sezemali se IsiPudong. Yimeko ye Shanghai World Financial Centre, iSkyscraper eziimitha ezingama-492 ukuphakama kunye nemigangatho eyi-101. Kwakhona ukusuka kwi Inqaba kaJim Mao, kunye neemitha ezingama-420 kunye nemigangatho engama-88, kunye ne oriental pearl tower, i-eriyali yonxibelelwano lwe-468.

Kodwa yinqaba entsha esembindini ethatha ikeyiki. Ihlaliswe kwindawo eyi-420 yeemitha zesikwere, iimitha ezingama-000 ukuphakama kwaye inemigangatho eyi-632 iyonke. Kwakhona, ukuba utyelela esi sixeko, iya kutsala ingqalelo yakho kuba ifana nephepha elikhulu elisongiweyo. Ixabisa i-121 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi kwaye yaqala ukwakhiwa ngo-2400 ukuze igqitywe kwiminyaka esixhenxe kamva.

I-façade yeglasi yayo ime ngaphandle, enciphisa imithwalo yomoya. Ngenxa yakhe, kwafuneka izinto zokwakha ezimbalwa. Kwaye ngaphandle kwakhe imilo ejikelezayo Ivumela amanzi emvula ukuba aqokelelwe, kamva kunye nee turbines zomoya, asetyenziselwa ukufudumeza kunye nomoya womoya wesakhiwo.

4.- Abraj al-Bait Towers

Kufuneka sithethe nawe ngesine I-Dubai Pentominium, kodwa isakhiwa. Ke ngoko, siya kubeka kule ndawo iinqaba ze-Abraj al-Bait, ezenza, ngokubhekiselele kubunzima, isakhiwo. inkulu ehlabathini. Igubungela indawo ye-1 square metres kwaye eneneni yenziwe zizakhiwo ezininzi.

Eyona nqaba iphakamileyo ifikelelayo 601 mitha, enemigangatho eli-120, kwaye ingaphakathi IMecca. Enyanisweni, isesona sakhiwo siphakamileyo ISaudi Arabia. Ngokukodwa, ibekwe ngaphesheya kwesitrato ukusuka kwi mosque enkulu. Ngesi sizathu, inamagumbi okuthandaza anomthamo wabantu abangama-4000 kunye nehotele eneenkwenkwezi ezintlanu ukuhlalisa abahambi ngezonqulo. Ikwanayo nendawo yokuthenga ehlala imigangatho emihlanu.

Kwi-facade yayo, iya kutsala ingqalelo yakho iwotshi enkulu yeemitha ezingama-43 ezihlala kubuso obune benqaba. Kwaye uya kumangaliswa yinaliti enkulu ethwesa ukwakhiwa kunye nokulinganisa i-93 yeemitha. Ngaphantsi kwayo, kukho neziko lenzululwazi elisetyenziselwa ukujonga iNyanga.

5.- Canton Television Tower

Siphindela ku iTshayina ukukuxelela malunga nolunye ulwakhiwo lwezonxibelelwano, olunobude obuziimitha ezingama-600, lukwaphakathi kwezona nqaba zinde ehlabathini. Yakhelwe iMidlalo yaseAsia ka-2010. Yenziwe ngamaDatshi ubarbara kuit y Mark Hemel, owayila isakhiwo se-avant-garde esiphefumlelwe yimisebenzi yobunjineli baseRashiya Vladimir Shukhov.

Ngaloo ndlela, ibonisa a isakhiwo hyperboloid yenziwe ngama-ellipses amabini kumphakamo ohlukeneyo. Kodwa eyona nto imangalisayo ngale nqaba yinto ebizwa hamba esibhakabhakeni, i-staircase yangaphandle efikelela phezulu. Ikwanazo neegadi zangaphandle kwaye, ukongeza kumabonwakude, iikhefi, iindawo zokutyela kunye nesinema emacala amane.

6.- Ping Iziko lezeMali

Siyaqhubeka China ukuthetha nawe malunga nesi sakhiwo ibekwe kwisixeko Shenzhen, ekwiphondo elinye le Cantón. Inobude obuziimitha ezingama-599 ezisasazwe ngaphezulu kwemigangatho eyi-115.

Yayilwa sisitudiyo sokwakha saseMelika Khon Pedersen Fox kwaye iya kugqityezelwa ngesinye isibhakabhaka esiziimitha ezingama-293 ukuphakama kunye nemigangatho engama-51. Yakhiwa njengekomkhulu lenkampani yeinshurensi enamandla iPing An Insurance kwaye iye enye yezona ndawo ziphakamileyo zokujonga kwihlabathi, ekubeni iku-592 yeemitha.

7.- iLotte World Tower

Ngaphakathi kwi-Asian fever yolwakhiwo olukhulu, ngoku siza kuyo South Korea ukukuxelela ngesi sakhiwo siziimitha ezingama-555 ukuphakama, sinemigangatho eli-123 nesiphakathi kwezona nqaba zinde ehlabathini. Ibekwe ngaphakathi Seoul, lelona liphezulu kwilizwe layo kwaye ikwaneziko lokujonga elingaphezulu kwamakhulu amahlanu eemitha zomphakamo. Yiba nomfanekiso wemibono.

Ukwakhiwa kwayo kwaqala ngo-2010 kwaza kwagqitywa kwiminyaka esixhenxe kamva. Ngaphandle, imile njenge ikhowuni ebhityileyo ngamacala aconvex enza igophe eligudileyo. I-facade yiglasi egqabhukileyo yeglasi elinganisa iiseramikhi zaseKorea kwaye ineempawu zentsimbi. Ngaphakathi kukho iivenkile, iiofisi, amakhaya kunye nehotele yodidi oluphezulu. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uyayindwendwela, uya kuba nakho ukufikelela kwindawo yoqwalaselo, kuba isetyenziselwa uluntu.

8.- Inqaba yeSizwe yaseCanada, eyona nqaba ende kunazo zonke emhlabeni eNtshona

Kuye kwafuneka ukufikelela kwindawo yesibhozo ukuze ufumane eyona nqaba iphakamileyo ehlabathini eNtshona. Imalunga nale nqaba yonxibelelwano ikwidolophu yase Toronto. Kuze kube sekusungulweni kweTokyo Sky Free yayiyeyona iphakamileyo kwihlabathi lohlobo lwayo kwaye, nanamhlanje, iseyeyona iphakamileyo eMelika.

Ubude bakhe bu 553 mitha phezulu kwaye inendawo yokujonga kwi-447 yeemitha. Inyaniso yokuba ibandakanyiwe phakathi kwe Iimpawu ezisixhenxe zeLizwe langoku nguMbutho waseMelika weeNjineli zoLuntu. Ukwakhiwa kwayo kwaqalisa ngowe-1973 yaye kwadlula iminyaka emibini kuphela de yagqitywa. Liyinyaniso elokuba babesebenza iiyure ezingama-24 ngosuku neentsuku ezingama-365 ngonyaka.

Yayixabisa malunga namakhulu amathathu ezigidi zeerandi ngelo xesha. Kodwa imele izibonelelo ezininzi zonxibelelwano kangangokuba kwiminyaka elishumi elinesihlanu kamva yakhutshwa. Ngapha koko, namhlanje yenye yezona ndawo zinomtsalane kubakhenkethi eToronto kwaye ityelelwa ngabantu abamalunga nezigidi ezibini ngonyaka.

Ukuba uyakwenza oko, uya kuchukunyiswa yindawo yokuphononongwa ephantsi kweglasi ekwi-342 yeemitha ukusuka emhlabeni. Usenako ukuya phezulu, ekubeni ine-staircase yangaphandle enyuka ukuya kwi-447. Kodwa oku kusetyenziswe kwiimeko eziphuthumayo. Ivula kuphela uluntu kabini ngonyaka kwimisitho yesisa.

Kwelinye icala, ukongeza kumsebenzi wayo wokunxibelelana, ineendawo zokutyela ezininzi kunye neendawo zokutyela. Phakathi kweyokuqala, leyo imi kwi-351 yeemitha igqamile kuba ivuliwe iqonga elijikeleza iidigri ezingamakhulu amathathu anamashumi amathandathu. Iimbono ziyamangalisa kangangokuba, ngeentsuku ezicacileyo, unokubona isixeko sase Rochester, kwiphondo laseNew York.

Ukuqukumbela, sikubonise ezisibhozo iinqaba ezinde ehlabathini. Kodwa asinakuxhathisa ukukhankanya oku kulandelayo. zintsha YeZiko loRhwebo loLuntu yaseNew York ngokwayo, enobude obuziimitha ezingama-541; i Inqaba yaseOstankino de EMoscow, eyona iphakamileyo eYurophu kwi-540 yeemitha, kunye ne Iziko lezeMali le-CTF, kwakhona eCanton, elinganisa i-530. Ngaba azibonakali ngathi zizakhiwo eziqinileyo?