Eyahlukileyo iintlobo zokufuduka landela emva kokuvela koluntu ngumnqweno ongathandekiyo woku qhubeka. Ngulo mnqweno osenze ukuba sibe ziintlobo eziye zakwazi ukwenza ikholoni kuzo zonke iimbombo zehlabathi, ukuya kuthi ga apho kukho abantu abahlala nakwimimandla ekufutshane neepali kunye nezo zisentlango.
Ke, kwasekuqalekeni kobukho bethu, ikhaya lethu silibeke kwenye indawo; Oko kukuthi, sifudukile. Okwangoku yinto esiyenzayo ukuba sithatha uhambo oluya kwilizwe kwaye, kuba siyithanda kakhulu, sithatha isigqibo sokuhlala kwaye siphile. Kodwa, Ngaba uyazi ukuba zeziphi iintlobo zokufuduka kwabantu ezikhoyo?
Ukufuduka kwabantu kunokuhlelwa ngokweendidi ezintathu: ngokwexesha, ngokokuziphatha nangokokuya kwabo. Masibone nganye yeentlobo zokufuduka ngokwahlukeneyo ukuze uziqonde ngcono:
Iindidi zokufuduka ngokwexesha
Olu hlobo lokufuduka lolwenzeka ngexesha elimiselweyo, elithathwa ngokuba lelika okwethutyana, kunye naleyo yenziwa ngokusisigxina, ithathwa njenge esisigxina. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba ukufuduka kwabantu okwethutyana ngabo apho umphambukeli aya kubuyela kwindawo yakhe yokuvela emva kwexesha elithile.
Iindidi zokufuduka ngokomlinganiswa
Kuxhomekeke kwinto esishukumisela ukuba sishiye indawo esivela kuyo, Ukufuduka ngenkani, njengoko igama layo libonisa, yenye apho umntu enyanzelwa ukuba ashiye umhlaba ukuze aphile; okanye ukufuduka ngokuzithandela kuxa umfuduki eshiya indawo yokuhlala ngokuzithandela.
Iindidi zokufuduka ngokweendawo ekuyiwa kuzo
Kolu hlobo lokufuduka sahlulahlula i ukufuduka kwangaphakathi, kulapho indawo ekuyo ikwilizwe elinye; okanye kumazwe aphesheya xa ukwelinye ilizwe.
Kutheni sifuduka?
Abantu bahlala bekhangela indawo elungileyo yokuhlala, ngaphandle kwemvelaphi yabo kunye nemeko yezoqoqosho. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje ukufudukela kwelinye ilizwe kuye kwaba sisihloko ekuthethwa ngaso mihla le: abantu abavela kumazwe asakhasayo bawela ichibi befuna ukutya, umsebenzi kunye nokhuseleko. Uninzi lwabo lubeka emngciphekweni wokuphulukana nobomi babo, kuba wonke umntu uyazi ukuba abasoloko befika ngezona ndlela zokuhamba zifanelekileyo. Kodwa kuninzi abanokukuzuza; emva kwayo yonke loo nto, nayiphi na indawo ibhetele kunendawo edlakazwe yimfazwe.
Kwelinye icala, nanjengoko besesitshilo ngaphambili, ukuba nabani na kuthi uthatha uhambo lokuya kuthi, umzekelo, eNew York kwaye kuyabonakala ukuba bayayithanda imozulu, abantu, indawo, kwaye banokubanakho yokufumana umsebenzi, Kusenokwenzeka ukuba uyakuthathela ingqalelo ukuhlala apho okwethutyana okanye, ngubani owaziyo, mhlawumbi ngokusisigxina. Siza kuba ngabafuduki baseNew York kunye nabaphambukeli kwilizwe lethu, kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo kungekudala sinokwenza ubomi bethu apho ngaphandle kwengxaki.
Esinye isizathu sokuba kufuneke sifuduke kukuba intlekele yendalo, nokuba yinyikima, izikhukula, imbalela, njl. Ukuba uhlala kwindawo apho iintlekele zixhaphake khona, ungalinda ukuba kwakhiwe izakhiwo ezinganyangekiyo, kodwa oku kunokuba yingozi kakhulu, ngenxa yoko uhlala ukhetha ukukhangela indawo yokuhlala ekhuselekileyo komnye ummandla wehlabathi. Ilizwe okanye elinye.
Iziphumo ezilungileyo nezingalunganga zeentlobo zokufuduka
Njengako konke ukufuduka, oku kunokuba neziphumo kokubini indawo yemvelaphi kunye nendawo oya kuyo.
Iziphumo ezintle
Phakathi kwazo zonke iziphumo ezilungileyo, kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba kwilizwe lemvelaphi uxinzelelo kubemi kwizixhobo luyancitshiswa kwaye nentswela-ngqesho iyancipha, ukongeza ekuthatheni isiqabu kubantu abangaphezulu kwabemi; kwimeko yelizwe ekuyiwa kulo, kukho Ukuhlaziywa kwenani labemi, kukho ukwahlukahlukana kweenkcubeko kunye imveliso iyanda.
Iziphumo ezibi
Kwilizwe lemvelaphi, ezona zibalulekileyo zibaluleke ngaphezu kwazo zonke ukuguga kwabantu kunye nokwehla kwengeniso yoluntu. Ulutsha oluneminyaka yobudala bokusebenza lolokuqala ukuthatha isigqibo sokushiya, kwaye oku kubangela ingxaki kwindawo yemvelaphi.
Kwelinye icala, ilizwe lokuya liya kujongana ne- ukuncipha kwemivuzo kwamanye amacandelo okuxhaphaza abasebenzi abavela kwamanye amazwe, abamkela ukusebenza nzima besamkela umvuzo ophantsi.
Iminqweno malunga nokufuduka
Ukongeza kwinto esele ichaziwe ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kuyathakazelisa ukwazi ukuba kukho iibhalansi ezifudukayo okanye iibhalansi ezifudukayo, Nguwuphi umahluko phakathi kokufuduka (abantu abashiya) kunye nokufudukela kwelinye ilizwe (abo beza kuhlala). Xa ukufudukela kwelinye ilizwe kukhulu kunokufuduka, ibhalansi yokufuduka ithathwa njengelungileyo, kunye nokungalunganga ngenye indlela.
I-socialist uRobert Owen (1771-1858), wase-Welsh, wayecwangcise isixeko esibizwa ngokuba yiNew Harmony, esasiza kwakhiwa e-Indiana (United States). Umbono yayikukubonelela ngendawo yokuhlala kunye nomsebenzi kubaphambukeli, nangona ekugqibeleni yayingafezekiswa. Ngaphandle kwayo yonke into, ikhuphe iiprojekthi ezininzi ezithe zakubona ukukhanya kwemini, ikakhulu ngenxa yenkxaso yabafuduki ngokwabo. Kuzo zonke izinto esigqamisa kuzo izixeko zesathelayithi (njengaseMaipú eChile, eQuezón kwiiPhilippines okanye kwiSixeko esitsha saseBelen ePeru), the ucwangciso lweedolophu zaseLatin America, okanye ukuhlaliswa kwemida yeHaiti yiRiphabhlikhi yaseDominican.
Siyathemba ukuba sisombulule amathandabuzo akho malunga nokufuduka kwabantu okukhoyo.