Ukuba uyayithanda imbali, impucuko yakudala kunye neemfihlakalo, i-Egypt kufuneka ibe kwindlela yakho yeendawo zokuhamba. Kanye ebomini bakho kuya kufuneka uye eYiputa kwaye uzibonele imimangaliso yayo kuqala.
Los iitempile ze Yiputa Ziyamangalisa kwaye ungazibona kwiifoto ezininzi nakumabonwakude, kodwa ukuzibona zihlala kwaye zithe ngqo yinto exabisekileyo. Ngaba uza kubakhumbula? Apha sikushiya uluhlu lweetempile ezilungileyo eYiphutha, ezo kuya kufuneka ubone ewe okanye ewe.
Iitempile zaseYiputa
Olu lwakhiwo bangamawaka eminyaka ubudala kwaye ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo ziyinto ezukileyo. Uhambo lokuqala oluya eYiputa luyabamangalisa bonke abahambi, kodwa ukuba unethamsanqa ngokwaneleyo ukuba ungahamba amaxesha ngamaxesha ukumangaliswa akupheli kwaye kulungile.
I-Egypt ngokungathandabuzekiyo ineetempile ezinkulu emhlabeni kwaye kwimigca ngokubanzi zivela kwinkulungwane yesine BC. Kuyinyani ukuba uninzi lwazo ludumile kwihlabathi liphela, kodwa kukwakho nezinye ezintle kwaye ezingenalo ucinezelo oluninzi.
E-Egypt yonke into indala, kwindawo nganye inyathelo elinye kukho amanxuwa amandulo okanye iitempile. Ukusuka eCairo ukuya eLuxor, kulandela iNayile ukuya eAswan, akunakwenzeka ukuba ungazifumani ezinye zezi zakhiwo zimangalisayo.
Kuqala kuya kufuneka unike igama Itempile yaseKarnak eyakhiwa phakathi ko-2055 BC kunye no-100 AD Inikezelwe koothixo abathathu, u-Amun-Ra, uMut noMontu, kwaye kufuneka kuthiwe eyona tempile yayo iphambili Yeyona ndawo inkulu kwezakha zakhiwa.
Ikhoneni elothusayo yiHypostyle Hall, indawo egutyungelwe ngoncedo lweekholoni ezazixhaphakile e-Egypt kodwa ezinokufundwa kakuhle kule ndawo. Eli gumbi likhulu kakhulu, lineekholamu ezili-134 kunye nemigca eli-16. Apha kulungele ukwenza ukhenketho ngesikhokelo kwaye umamele ngononophelo kwiinkcukacha.
El Itempile ka-Abu Simbel Ekuqaleni yayakhiwe kumazantsi omNayile, kodwa Ngokwakhiwa kwedama i-Aswan, kwafuneka ukuba isiwe kwinto yobunjineli yanamhlanje. Oko kwenzeka nge-60 kwaye indawo yokwakha yoqobo yayishiyeke emazantsi eLake Nassar.
Namhlanje itempile ka-Abu Simbl ikhuselekile: Kukho imifanekiso eqingqiweyo engama-20 kaRamses II kwaye yayakhiwe malunga ne-1265 BC, kodwa ezo colossi zikwimeko entle kakhulu ngokubanzi. Into edla ngokwenziwa kukuqesha ukhenketho ukusuka eLuxor ukuya eAswan kwaye kufanelekile ukuhamba iikhilomitha ezingama-280 phakathi kwala manqaku mabini. Enye indlela kukuthatha i-Nile ukuya e-Aswan kwaye uchithe iintsuku ezimbalwa apho.
Itempile yaseMedinet Habu inikezelwe kuRamses III kwaye ezinye iikholamu zayo zigcina imizobo yazo. Kukwintshona yebhanki yaseLuxor kunye Yitempile yesibini yakudala yakudala eYiputa.
Itempile ebisoloko indimangazile, kuba ukwakhiwa kwakhona kuvumela ukuvula iifestile zangaphambili, yiyo Itempile yaseMortur kaHatshepsut. UHatshepsut wayeyindlovukazi eyasweleka ngo-1458 BC kunye nengcwaba lakhe elihle nelikhulu kusondele kwiNtili yooKumkaniUkumkanikazi wasentshona womNayile. Ukumkanikazi wayengomnye wabafazi ababalulekileyo bexesha lakhe kwaye wayengomnye woofaro abaphumeleleyo, elawula iminyaka engama-21.
Itempile yakhiwe ecaleni kwengxondorha enkuluInamanqanaba amathathu angena entlango kwaye abembi bezinto zakudala bathi ngexesha labo la mazwe ayenotyani obukhulu, nangona ngoku iyintlango enkulu. Izityalo zisenokungabikho, kodwa iseyindawo enomdla. Zininzi iindlela zokundwendwela kwiNtlambo yooKumkani ngokubanzi.
El Itempile kaRamses II nawe kufuneka uyazi. Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, iRamses II yenye yezona faro zidumileyo nezaziwayo. Ekuqaleni yayingu- itempile yokugcina izidumbu ifana kakhulu neMedinet Habu, yayo Imifanekiso eqingqiweyo emikhulu enikezelwe kukumkani.
El Itempile yaseLuxor Idume kwihlabathi liphela. Itempile isesixekweni uqobo, kumanxweme omNayile kwaye ngumbono omangalisayo, ngakumbi ebusuku xa kukhanya izibane zabo kwaye ungayifota. Itempile ikwindawo eyayisakuba yiThebes, kwaye kubonakala ngathi yayakhiwe phantsi kobukhosi beshumi elinesibhozo (XNUMX) nele-XNUMX. Hlonipha uthixo uAmun-Ra kwaye ineekona ezahlukileyo kumaxesha ahlukeneyo.
Esi sakhiwo sigcinwe kakuhle kwaye sinezakhiwo ezininzi, ngakumbi iveranda edibanisa iinkundla zayo ezimbini. Kwaye indawo yonqulo apho u-Amon wawongwa khona isenazo iithayile zayo zoqobo. Ngokucacileyo, lilifa leMveli lehlabathi.
El IKom Ombo Temple UmNayile kwaye unikezelwe koothixo ababini abahlukeneyo, UHorus kunye noSobek. Itempile yamawele enezakhiwo ezibini ezakhiwe esipilini. Ayindala njengabanye kuba yayakhiwe phantsi kobukhosi ifamily (yemvelaphi yamaGrike nasemva kukaAlexander Omkhulu). Kamva, phantsi kolawulo lwamaRoma, ezinye izandiso zenziwa. Apha baye bafunyanwa, umzekelo, Zingama-300 zeengwenya ezomileyo kwaye namhlanje zibonisiwe kwiMyuziyam yeCrocodile onokuthi undwendwele.
El Itempile yase-Edfu kunxweme olusentshona loMlambo umNayile kwaye yenye yezona zigcinwe kakuhle elizweni. Ukwakhiwa kwayo kwaqala ngo-237 BC kwaye kwaphela ngo-57 AD, ngesandla sikayise kaCleopatra, uPtolemy XII. Isenophahla lwayo ke inika olunye uvakalelo, lisondele ngexesha.
El Itempile kaSeti I ise-Abydos kwaye inombhalo weDynasty ye-XNUMX eyaziwa ngokuba yi Uluhlu lweeKumkani zeAbhydosUluhlu lwamaxesha kunye neekhatriji zeefaro zolawulo ngalunye lwase-Egypt ukusuka kuMenes ukuya kutata kaSeti I, uRamses I. Itempile ingaphezulu kweNayile.
Singaxela igama elithi iitempile zodaka kwiNtlambo yooKumkani, nangona zingaqaqambanga okanye zinomtsalane njengabanye. Apha ungayazi Itempile kaRamses IV, leyo kaMerneptah kunye nekaRamses VI. Banamagumbi amakhulu omoya, Imizobo enemibala ezibonisa izigcawu ezivela kwiNcwadi yabafi ... Inyaniso kukuba emva kokubona ilitye elingenanto, imibala eqaqambileyo, indawo kunye nokuziva uxolo kwezi ndawo kuyamangalisa. Akukho sarcophagi okanye nantoni na enjalo, yonke le nto iye kwiimyuziyam okanye kumasela, kodwa yindawo ekufanele ukuba uyityelele.
Ekugqibeleni, i IColossi yaseMemnon, zakhiwe malunga ne-1350 BC Ziyi-colossi ezimbini ezithi umele uFaro Amenotep III kwindawo yokuhlala. Ekuqaleni babelinda ukungena kwetempile yokugcina izidumbu yaloo fharao. Itempile ababeyinxalenye yayo iphantse yanyamalala kwaye iicolossi zonakele kakhulu, kodwa kuya kufuneka ubatyelele.
Kwezi tempile wongeza ubusuku entlango, emva kwemini kwi-bazaar, uhamba ngeCairo, undwendwelo lweePiramidi kwaye, ewe, ukhenketho lweMyuziyam yaseArchaeological yaseCairo. Oko kukuthi, ngekhe ulibale iJiphutha.