Inkcubeko yamaHindu

Inkcubeko yaseIndiya yaziwa kwihlabathi liphela njengenye yeenkcubeko eziqaqambileyo nezimangalisayo ezikhoyo namhlanje, eli binzana lihle laseAsia sisiphumo somdibaniso onomdla kunye nokwenziwa kwezinto ezahlukeneyo. Yindibaniselwano enkulu yenkcubeko ethe yafaka izinto ezivela kumazwe angabamelwane, isenza ubume obunamandla benkcubeko, obubonakala kwiinkalo ezisusela kwinkolo ukuya kubugcisa, ubugcisa, isisu okanye amasiko. Ubuninzi bayo bukhokelele ekubeni ibe lelinye lawona mazwe anomdla kakhulu emhlabeni, kunye nendawo yokundwendwela ebalaseleyo kubakhenkethi abavela kwihlabathi liphela.

Le nkcubeko yamaHindu ibibonelela ngezithethe zeminyaka engamawaka, ebuyela umva ukuya kwiRig-Veda, owona mbhalo mdala eIndiya, Ukusukela kwinkulungwane ye-XNUMX BC Emva kolo hlaselo lwamaSilamsi nolawulo lwamazwe aseNtshona e-Indiya, yayichukunyiswa ziinkcubeko ezahlukeneyo, kodwa igcina ingqokelela yayo kunye namasiko. Akunakwenzeka ukuxelela amawaka eminyaka amasiko kunye nenkcubeko kwisithuba esinye, kodwa siya kuzama ukwenza umbono obanzi wenkcubeko yaseIndiya kwaye yintoni esitsala kuyo.

Imbali encinci yeIndiya

Imbali yamandulo yaseIndiya yahlulwe yaya Ixesha leVedic kunye nexesha leBrahmanic. Eyokuqala ngowona mdala wonyaka ka-3000 BC, xa impucuko ye-Dravidian yayinenkcubeko ephucukileyo, kunye nomzi-mveliso wobhedu, ezolimo kunye noluntu oluncinci, ukongeza kwinkolo yokunqula izithixo ezininzi. Ixesha le-Brahmin lafika xa ii-Brahmans, i-casp evela kuLwandle lweCaspian, zilawula imimandla eyenza izikumkani ezincinci. Nangona kunjalo, emva kolawulo lwabo oluphambili kunye nolawulo olungqongqo, abantu bavukela kwaye banikezela ubuBuddha.

La Uninzi lwebali langoku Ithetha ngokuhlaselwa kweenkcubeko ezahlukeneyo, ukusuka kumaPersi ukuya kumaArabhu, amaPhuthukezi okanye amaNgesi. Sisishwankathelo esibanzi, kodwa sisinika umbono wazo zonke iimpembelelo ezifunyenwe yile nkcubeko yaseIndiya kwimbali.

Inkqubo yodidi lwenkcubeko yamaNdiya

Le nkqubo yokwahlulwa koluntu ekuhlaleni ivela ngokuthe ngqo kubuHindu, eyona nkolo iphambili yaseIndiya. Isifundisa ukuba abantu badalwa bevela kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba wothixo uBrahma, yiyo loo nto besenza iindidi ezine abalawula ngazo kangangeenkulungwane.

Emlonyeni wesithixo uBrahma kwavela iiBrahmans, elona qela linamandla, lababingeleli. I-chatria ngamagorha ahloniphekileyo, aphuma kwiingalo zikathixo. I-Vaisías ngabarhwebi kunye nabalimi, abaphuma emathangeni oothixo, kwaye ii-sudras okanye izicaka zezona ziphantsi, ezaziphuma ezinyaweni zikathixo. Ukongeza kwezi ngabantu abangachukunyiswayo, abathathwa njengabagxothiweyo, nabangeyonxalenye yodidi okanye uluntu, kuba banokwenza nje owona msebenzi uphantsi, njengokuqokelela ilindle lomntu. Okwangoku, ii-castes zicinezelwe ngokusemthethweni, kodwa zigcinwa ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kunye namasiko kunye nendlela ezendele ngayo kuluntu.

Inkolo eIndiya

Inkolo yinxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu kwinkcubeko yamaIndiya, kwaye namhlanje zine iinkolo zemvelaphi yaseIndiya okanye yeDharmic. UbuHindu yeyona nkolo ithandwayo, kwaye yeyesithathu ngobukhulu emhlabeni. Ngaphakathi kwayo kukho izikolo ezahlukeneyo kunye namasiko, kwaye yinkolo elandela isithethe se-castes. Oothixo bayo abaphambili yiRama, Shivá, Visnú, Krisná neKali.

Kwelinye icala, kukho ubuBuddha, obesihlanu obubaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni, obasekwa nguSidarta Gautama, unyana kaRaja wobukumkani bukaSakias, owalahla yonke into waba ngumngqibi, ezibiza ngokuba nguBuddha, oko kukuthi lowo ukhanyiselweyo. Isekwe kuqheliselo lokulunga, uthando, uthando kunye nezinye izinto ezilungileyo kwaye ayisiyonto yobuthixo. Kukwakho ubuYainism, obufana nobuBuddha, kunye nobuSikhism, inkolo yokukholelwa kuThixo omnye phakathi kwesiSilamsi kunye nobuHindu.

Inqaku elidibeneyo:

I-Indiya: Iinkolelo kunye noThixo

Umculo kunye nemidaniso yenkcubeko yamaHindu

Ukuthetha ngomculo kukwangumxube otyebileyo woluntu kunye nezandi zakudala, ezikhokelele ekudalweni kwemidaniso exotic kunye neqhelekileyo yelizwe. Nangona kunjalo, Kukho imidaniso esi-8 yamaHindu ezihlelwe njengezakudala, kwaye ezibandakanyiweyo kwinkqubo yokufundisa ngokwesiko ngenxa yenqanaba labo njengenkcazo yemveli yamaHindu. Ifundiswa kwiZiko leMfundo loMculo, uMdaniso kunye neDrama, kwaye kubandakanya nemidaniso: bharatanatyam, khathak, kathakali, mzwinyathi, kuphudi, izixhobo, odissi y sattriya. Le yimidaniso yeefom zebali ezibalaseleyo ezibandakanya izinto eziyintsomi zentsomi, awunakho ukuya eIndiya ngaphandle kokungqina omnye wale miboniso imangalisayo.

Kukwakho nomculo wesintu osadlalayo kwezinye iindawo zelizwe. Kukho iiBauls eBengal, umculo waseBhangra emantla okanye iQuawwali ePujab.

I-Gastronomy yenkcubeko yaseIndiya

Ukutya apha kuyonwabisa kwinkalakahla. Ukutya kwamaNdiya kuyaziwa ngee-curry ezimnandi, kunye nokusetyenziswa okuphucukileyo kweziqholo ezahlukileyo, kuhlala kususelwa kwilayisi kunye nombona. Uninzi lweziqholo ezahlukeneyo esizisebenzisayo namhlanje, ezinje ngepepile emnyama, zivela apha, ke amaHindu aziphatha ngendlela engaqhelekanga. Nangona kunjalo, oku kutya kunokuba yingozi kubantu abanengxaki yokungezwani komzimba, ukuba nokutya okuneziqholo okunje, ngaphezulu komntu omnye kunokuba nzima.

Kukho izitya eziqhelekileyo ongayeki ukuzama xa usiya eIndiya, kuba i-gastronomy ihlala iyingxenye ebalulekileyo yenkcubeko yelizwe ngalinye. Inkukhu yaseTandoori sisitya senkukhu esosiweyo esihlanjwe ngeyogathi kwaye sinongwe ngeziqholo ze-tandoori. Kukho nezinye izitya ezinokuvakala ziqhelekile kuwe, njenge-biryani, eyirayisi enomxube wezinongo, kuba akufuneki silibale ukuba iziqholo zibaluleke kakhulu kwivenkile yaseIndiya. I-pizza yase-India okanye i-uthathaappam sisiseko sentlama eyenziwe ngomgubo we-lentil kunye nomgubo werayisi kunye nemifuno kunye nezinye izithako, ezifana nee-pizza eziqhelekileyo. Kwicandelo leelekese unejalebi, intlama eswiti efakwe kwisiraphu, enombala o-orenji kunye nemilo yekhonkco edityanisiweyo.