Mongolia Yizwe elikude elingavinjelwe e-Asia ebelingaphansi komjikelezo weSoviet Union phakathi neMpi Yomshoshaphansi. Inhlokodolobha yayo I-Ulaanbaatar Futhi yize kungeyona enye yezindawo eziheha kakhulu ezwenikazi, abavakashi abaningi ngokwengeziwe balokotha ukuthatha uhambo olude oluya lapho.
Uma uthanda imizila yaphakade nezindawo ezikude, awwesabi uhambo olude lwezindiza noma izindawo lapho iSpanishi noma isiNgisi kungakhulunywa khona, khona-ke i-Ulaanbaatar ikulindile. Lo mbhalo uzokusiza ku-adventure yakho.
Ulaanbaatar, inhlokodolobha
Mongolia iphakathi kwe-Asia Ephakathi ne-East Asia futhi omakhelwane bayo abayilutho futhi abaphansi kweRussia neChina. Lokho kuyinikeze izahluko eziningana ezinemicimbi emlandweni wayo, ukuhlasela, ukuzimela okufushane nokuncika kakhulu komakhelwane bayo abanamandla njalo. Ngakho-ke, kungelinye lamazwe aba ngamakhomanisi ngemuva nje kweRevolution ka-Okthoba ka-1917 kusukela lapho ngo-1924 iPeople's Republic of Mongolia yamenyezelwa futhi kwamukelwa umbuso wobukhomanisi.
Lolu hlobo lukahulumeni luzoqhubeka ngengxenye enhle yekhulu lama-XNUMX kuze kube ukuwa kweSoviet Union lapho kubizwa nje iMongolia. Izwe elikhulu, enobuso obuningi, kepha ngasikhathi sinye alinabantu abaningi ngoba leyo ndawo ivame ukuba nolaka kakhulu: ugwadule lwaseGobi, amathafa angapheli, izintaba ...
I-Ulaanbaatar iyinhloko-dolobha futhi lisho igama Iqhawe elibomvu, ukuhlonipha iqhawe lesisekelo se-republican. Kusenyakatho yezwe, esigodini esakhiwe izintaba eziningana, futhi umfula uyayiwela. Ezweni elikhulu kodwa elinabantu abambalwa, iningi labantu ligxile lapha, ngesikhathi esifanayo isiko, ezombusazwe kanye nezomnotho.
Yasungulwa ngo-1639 kepha yamukela ukubukeka kwedolobha ngekhulu lama-XNUMX, futhi vele ngaphansi kokubusa kweSoviet yayilingisa isitayela sokwakha sobukhomanisi, esimpunga, esikhulu, nesithukuthezi. Kepha ubudlelwano obusondelene phakathi kweMongolia neSoviet Union buholele ekwakhiweni kwezinema, izinkundla zemidlalo yaseshashalazini, izimboni, iminyuziyamu kanye nesiteshi esikhulu sezitimela emzileni waseMoscow-Beijing, iTrans-Mongolian. Ngokudabukisayo, olunye uhlangothi lwemali kwakuwukucekelwa phansi kwamathempeli nezindela eziningi zakudala zamaBuddha.
Sesivele sazi ukuthi ukuwa kodonga kukhombe ukuphela komhlaba we-bipolar kanye nokuthuthuka komqondo owodwa wezepolitiki nezomnotho. Ngaphandle kokulinganisela, kwaba ukuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke kongxiwankulu okwasabalala emhlabeni wonke futhi kwafika nalapha. Okokuqala, izinguquko nokukhula kwakubonakala edolobheni njengoba abantu abaningi abavela ngaphakathi bathuthela edolobheni, kodwa enye inkathi yayiqala e-Ulaanbaatar.
I-Ulaanbaatar nezokuvakasha
Okuvakashelayo kuzohlala kuncike esikhathini onaso. Uma uzoba lapho ngolunye usuku, kufanele uvuke ekuseni kakhulu futhi uvakashele lezi zindawo ezilandelayo: Isigodlo saseGandan, iNational Historical Museum, iSukhbaatar Square enetshe lesikhumbuzo likaGenghis Khan, iZaisan Hill Memorial, iBuddha Garden kanye nokuya embukisweni othile wesizwe futhi uvakashele izitolo zezandla ukheshi.
La ISukhbaatar Square yinhliziyo yedolobha ngoba kunezithombe ezimbili ezibalulekile: esisodwa esika- Genghis Khan, Iqhawe laseMongolia nomnqobi owahlanganisa izizwe futhi wasungula umbuso owawubusa ngisho naseChina. Esinye isithombe esikaDamdin Sukhbaatar, owanika idolobha igama laso, iRed Hero, esakhiwe endaweni efanayo lapho ihhashi lachamela khona ngesikhathi somhlangano weRed Army.
El Museum of Umlando Wezemvelo Kuyisayithi elithandekayo uma uthanda izinsalela ze-dinosaur noma i ama-meteorites iwele enhlabathini yaseMongolia. Kukhona nemiboniso edabula umlando wezwe kusukela ezikhathini zangaphambi komlando kuze kube namuhla nokuthi yikuphi okubandakanya inkazimulo yoMbuso WaseMongol.
Ngokuqondene nabambalwa izindlu zezindela nezindawo ezingcwele ezisele ngemuva kwenhlangano elwa nenkolo yama-30s, siyabona I-Chojin Lama Monastery, yaqedwa ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-1942 yaphenduka yaba umnyuziyamu ngo-XNUMX Isigodlo saseGandan Kusuka ngekhulu le-XNUMX futhi ine- isithombe segolide esime ngaphezu kwamamitha angama-26 ubude futhi imele uMigjid Janraisig, i-bodhisattava yobubele, ehlonishwa kakhulu ezweni lamaBuddha. I-Kannon yeJapan, ngokwesibonelo.
IZaisan Hill inesikhumbuzo. Kuseningizimu yedolobha futhi kwakhiwa amaRussia ngokuhlonipha i- Amasosha aseSoviet afela eWWII. EMongolia abaseRussia baba nempi enzima namaJapan lapho kwafa abantu abalinganiselwa kuma-45 baseJapan nabaseRussia abayi-17. Ekugcineni abokuqala badela. Kukhona udonga ngaphakathi kwendandatho enkulu kakhonkolo ephakeme ngamamitha amahlanu.
Ufika lapha ngokuhamba imizuzu engama-20 ukhuphuke igquma futhi impela kunikela kakhulu ukubukwa okuhle kwedolobha njengoba ungabazisa ubukhulu bayo, bheka umfula iTuulu, amafektri nezindawo ezahlukahlukene. Noma uthanda impilo yemvelo nokuhamba ngezinyawo futhi unosuku oluhle lwezulu, ukusuka lapha ungaqala i- ukunyuka ngePortegida Area yaseBogd Khan Uul, ngemuva kwesikhumbuzo.
Kuzo zonke izigodlo umuzi owawukade unazo, kuphela IBogd Khan Winter Palacenamuhla imnyuziyamu yenkosi yokugcina yaseMongolia. Kungaphakathi kwesakhiwo esikhudlwana esinamathempeli ayisithupha futhi kukhombisa izinto zenkosi nomkayo.
Ekugcineni kukhona Ingadi kaBuddha enomfanekiso kaBuddha owakhiwa ngo-2007 futhi ingamamitha ayi-18 ukuphakama. Kuze kube muva nje ipaki ibinesizungu futhi nesifanekiso besibekiwe kodwa isakhiwo sezentengiselwano samabhilidi amade sakhiwe.
Kepha sishilo lokho I-Ulaanbaatar iyinhloko-dolobha engcoliswe kakhulu emhlabeni. Kungani? Ukuthi intuthuko yedolobha ayinandaba nezibhakabhaka zayo. Abantu ushisa amalahle nezinkuni Ukulwa nobusika, obusuku babo obufinyelela ku -40ºC, izikhungo zamandla ezishisayo zisebenza ngobuningi bazo, zikhulula amagesi emoyeni futhi izimoto zikhafula ukungcola okwengeziwe ngamapayipi azo okukhipha.
Ukungcola kubalulekile, inkomba yezinhlayiya ezimisiwe iphawula ngaphezu kuka-500 ngemitha ngayinye engama-cubic meter, okungukuthi izikhathi eziphindwe ka-25 kunalokho okunconywe yi-World Health Organization. Ngakho-ke, umoya awuphefumuleki futhi izifo zokuphefumula. Ngabe kukhona uhulumeni akwenzayo? Sekuqalile ukwenza, yebo, futhi kuthengiswa ngentengo yomxhaso izitofu ezisebenza kahle ezivimba intuthu eyingozi, ngaphezu kokunikeza ugesi ngamanani aphansi ukuze kungashiswa amalahle. Izimoto ezingama-hybrid nazo seziqalile ukujikeleza, isibonelo, iToyota Prius. Ngethemba ukuthi kuzosebenza.
Kunjalo I-Ulaanbaatar iyindlela nje eya eMongolia enhle futhi enkulu. Ungahlali lapho, vula lowo mnyango wokuzijabulisa.