Izinganekwane zaseMexico

Uma sikhuluma ngezinganekwane zaseMexico, sikhuluma ngamasiko nezindatshana zabantu basendulo. Ngeke sikhohlwe ukuthi, kudala ngaphambi kokufika kwabaseSpain, isiko lase livele likhona kule ndawo olmec futhi kamuva i- i-maya nalowo omelwe ngu ama-Aztec.

Isithelo sokuhlanganiswa kwayo yonke le mpucuko ngumlando waseMexico, futhi, nezinganekwane zawo. Ngale ndlela, ezinye zalezo esizokutshela zona zivela emasikweni angaphambi kweColombia, kanti ezinye zavela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lapho amasiko wangaphambi kweSpanishi ehlangana nabafika bevela eZwekazini Elidala. Uma ufuna ukwazi kabanzi nge Izinganekwane zaseMexico, sikumema ukuba uqhubeke nokufunda le ndatshana.

Izinganekwane zaseMexico, kusukela kuma-Olmec kuze kube namuhla

Isiko elidumile laseMexico licebile kakhulu futhi lihlukahlukene. Ifaka izindaba eziphathelene nezinkanyezi, nokuzalwa kwamadolobha amakhulu, nezingubo zawo ezijwayelekile (nakhu onakho i-athikili ekhuluma ngabo) futhi nangezinkolelo nemikhuba yabantu bakuleli. Kepha, ngaphandle kokuchitha isikhathi, sizokutshela ezinye zalezi zindaba.

Inganekwane kaPopo no-Itza

Kusuka I-Mexico City ungabona izintaba-mlilo ezimbili eziphakeme kunazo zonke ezweni: the I-Popocatepetl futhi i I-Itzaccíhuatl, esizoyibiza, ukuze kube lula, iPopo ne-Itza. Bobabili bangabaphikisi bale ndaba, enye yezinganekwane eziningi zaseMexico ezinemvelaphi yama-Aztec.

Lapho leli dolobha lifika endaweni, lakha okukhulu I-Tenochtitlan, lapho i-Mexico City ihleli khona namuhla. Kuyo kwazalwa inkosazana UMixtli, owayeyindodakazi kaTozic, umbusi wama-Aztec. Lapho efika eminyakeni yobudala bokushada, wamangalelwa, phakathi kwabanye abaningi, ngu-Axooxco, indoda enonya.

Nokho wayelithanda leli qhawe I-Popoca. Yena, ukuze afanelekele lokho, kwakufanele abe ngumnqobi futhi athole isihloko sobukhosi Ukhozi Knight. Waya empini engekho isikhathi eside. Kepha ngobunye ubusuku, uMixtli waphupha ukuthi isithandwa sakhe sashona empini futhi sazibulala.

Lapho uPopoca ebuya ngemuva kweminyaka, wathola ukuthi othandekayo wakhe ushonile. Ukuze amhloniphe, wamngcwaba ethuneni elikhulu abeka kulo amagquma ayishumi wathembisa ukuthi uzohlala naye unomphela. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, iqhwa lamboza zombili izindunduma zeMixtli nesidumbu sikaPopoca, okwenza i-Itza nePopo kwaba khona.

Inganekwane iyaqhubeka ithi iqhawe lisathandana nenkosazana futhi, lapho inhliziyo yalo ithuthumela, intaba-mlilo xosha ama-fumaroles.

ILa Llorona, inganekwane ethandwa kakhulu yaseMexico

Siguqula inkathi, kepha hhayi indawo ukukutshela inganekwane yaseLa Llorona. Kusitshela ukuthi, ngezikhathi zamakholoni, owesifazane osemusha womdabu wayenobudlelwano nomnumzane waseSpain okuvela kuye izingane ezintathu.

Yize ayehlose ukushada nesithandwa sakhe, wakhetha ukwenza njalo nentokazi yaseSpain kanti intombazane yomdabu yasangana. Ngakho-ke, wahamba waya ku- Ichibi Texcoco, lapho aminza khona izingane zakhe ezintathu wase eziphonsa. Kusukela lapho, kunabaningi abathi babonile endaweni ezungeze ichibi owesifazane ogqoke okumhlophe okhalela isiphetho esidabukisayo sezingane zakhe futhi agcine ngokubuyela eTexcoco ukuze azicwilise emanzini ayo.

Isiqhingi SamaDoli

Onodoli bahlala benobuso obumbili. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, bakhonza ukuze kudlalwe abancane. Kepha, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ezimweni ezithile banokuthile okungaqondakali. Lokhu yikho kanye okwenzekayo esiqhingini samaDoli.

Itholakala endaweni ye- Xochimilco, amakhilomitha angamashumi amabili nje ukusuka eMexico City. Ungafika lapho ngokuwela imisele ngemikhumbi yendabuko enelukuluku ebizwa ngokuthi umabhebhana.

Iqiniso ukuthi i-Island of the Dolls yindawo yezinganekwane ezethusayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lena echaza ngemvelaphi yayo imane ibuhlungu ngoba yonke into izalwa yintombazane eyaminza.

Don UJulian Santana wayengumnikazi wamasimu (ngolimi lwesiNahuatl, imvuse) lapho kwatholakala isidumbu sowesifazane osemncane. Umnikazi womhlaba obonakala ethokoziseka uyaziqinisekisa ukuthi ubonakala kuye futhi, ukuze amesabise, waqala ukubeka onodoli kulo lonke ifa lakhe.

Kuyamangaza ukuthi le nganekwane iyaqhubeka ithi manje nguDon Julián ngubani buya ngezikhathi ezithile ukunakekela onodoli bakhe. Kunoma ikuphi, uma uzoba nesibindi sokuvakashela lesi siqhingi, uzobona ukuthi sinomoya ongaqondakali nofiphele ngempela.

Umhubhe wokuqabulana kukaGuanajuato, inganekwane yaseMexico egcwele umlobi wezingoma

Manje sesihambela edolobheni lase Guanajuato, inhlokodolobha yesifundazwe enegama elifanayo futhi etholakala maphakathi nezwe, ukukutshela ngale nganekwane yothando yaseMexico. Ngokukhethekile sibhekisa emhubeni wokwanga, umgwaqo omncane onobubanzi obungamasentimitha angama-68 kuphela onamabhalkhoni awo acishe anamathiselwe.

Kwakunjalo kubo UCarlos no-Ana, umbhangqwana onothando ubudlelwano bawo babungavunyelwe ngabazali bawo. Lapho uyise wentombazane ethola ukuthi ayimlalelanga, wayibulala ngokufaka inkemba emhlane.

UCarlos, ebona isidumbu sesithandwa sakhe, wasanga isandla sakhe esasifudumele. Inganekwane ayigcini lapho. Kufanele ukwazi lokho, uma uvakashela eGuanajuato nomlingani wakho, kufanele uqabule esinyathelweni sesithathu somgwaqo. Uma wenza, ngokwesiko, uzothola iminyaka eyisikhombisa yenjabulo.

IMulata yaseVeracruz

Manje sesithuthela ku- Veracruz (lapha unayo i-athikili emayelana nalokho ongakubona kuleli dolobha) ukukutshela enye indaba ethandekayo, yize kulokhu kunesikhwele nokuziphindisela okumnyama. Le nganekwane yaseMexico isitshela ukuthi owesifazane wase-mulatto owayemuhle ngendlela ayengaziwa ngayo wayehlala edolobheni.
Babunjalo ubuhle bakhe kangangokuthi wayengavamile ukuphuma aye emgwaqweni ukuze angavusi inhlebo. Noma kunjalo, kwakungenakwenzeka ukuwagwema. Futhi abantu baqala bathi banakho amandla obuthakathi. Lokhu kwaqala ukuvusa ukungabaza kwezakhamuzi zakubo.

Nokho, UMartin de Ocaña, imeya yedolobha, yamthanda ngokweqile. Waze wamnikeza lonke uhlobo lobucwebe ukuze amshade. Kepha i-mulatto ayizange yamukele futhi lokho kwaba ukuwa kwayo. Enengekile, umbusi wammangalela ngokumnika umhlanganiso womlingo ukuba awele emanetheni akhe.

Ebhekene nezinsolo ezinjalo, lo wesifazane wayevalelwe Inqaba yaseSan Juan de Ulúa, lapho aqulwa khona icala futhi wagwetshwa ukufa washiswa phambi kwabo bonke abantu. Ngenkathi esalinde isijeziso sakhe, waqinisekisa unogada ukuthi amnikeze ushoki noma gis. Ngalo, wadweba umkhumbi wabuza umgciniziboshwa ukuthi yini engekho.

Lokhu kuphendule ukuthi navigate. Ngemuva kwalokho, owesifazane omuhle we-mulatto wathi "bheka ukuthi ukwenza kanjani lokhu" futhi, ngokugxuma, wangena esikebheni futhi, ngaphambi kokubukeka okumangazayo konogada, wahamba waya emkhathizwe.

IPrincess Donaji, enye inganekwane edabukisayo yaseMexico

Le enye inganekwane esikulethela yona ingeyenganekwane yezwe lase Oaxaca futhi ibuyela ezikhathini zangaphambi kweColombia. UDonaji Wayeyinkosazana yaseZapotec, umzukulu weNkosi uCosijoeza. Ngaleso sikhathi, leli dolobha lalilwa namaMixtec.

Ngaleso sizathu, bathatha inkosazana. Kodwa-ke, besatshiswa abaphikisi babo, bamnquma ikhanda, yize bengakaze basho ukuthi bangcwabe kuphi ikhanda lakhe.

Eminyakeni eminingi kamuva, umfundisi ovela endaweni lapho ekhona namuhla ISan Agustín de Juntas wayenezinkomo zakhe. Kutholwe okuyigugu umnduze futhi, engafuni ukuyilimaza, wakhetha ukuyimba ngezimpande zayo. Wamangala lapho eklwebha, kwavela ikhanda lomuntu lisesimweni esikahle. KwakungeyeNkosazana uDonaji. Ngakho-ke, umzimba wakhe nekhanda lakhe kwahlanganiswa futhi kwalethwa ku Ithempeli laseCuilapam.

Inganekwane yeGallo Maldonado

Ngeke kuyeke ukumangaza ukuthi zingaki izinganekwane zaseMexico ezihlobene nokudumazeka kothando. Yebo, lena esikulethela yona yokuqeda uhambo lwethu nayo ixhumene nenhliziyo ephukile.

ULuis Maldonado, owaziwa kangcono njengoGallo Maldonado, wayeyimbongi esencane eyayihlala I-San Luis de Potosí. Wayephakathi nendawo kepha wamthanda Eugenia, owayengowomndeni ocebile. Babenobudlelwano obuhlala njalo, kepha ngelinye ilanga le ntokazi yamtshela ukuthi iyaluqeda uthando lwayo futhi ngeke iphinde imfune.

Icindezelekile ngalokhu, le nsizwa ebisothandweni iye yawohloka, ishintsha iziphuzo zezinkondlo, yaze yagula yafa. Kodwa-ke, okwamangaza izihlobo zakhe, ngelinye ilanga othile wangqongqoza emnyango wendlu kwatholakala ukuthi nguMaldonado. Akachazanga ngokwenzekile, ubatshele nje ukuthi uyabanda bamvumela wangena.

Bakwenza lokho, kepha le nsizwa enebhizinisi kungekudala yaqala kabusha impilo yayo ye-bohemian nehlisa isithunzi. Lokhu kwaqhubeka isikhashana, kwaze kwathi, futhi, iMaldonado Gallo yanyamalala, kulokhu unomphela. Abaphindanga bezwa ngaye.

Kepha manje kuza indaba engcono kakhulu. Eminye imibhangqwana ethandana eyahamba ngothando lwayo esikhungweni esingokomlando saseSan Luis de Potosí ngezinsuku ezigcwele zenyanga isho lokho uGallo Maldonado wayevele kubo ukuze asho inkondlo ethinta inhliziyo.

Sengiphetha, sikutshele okunye kokuningi Izinganekwane zaseMexico lokho kuphawula umlando wezwe lase-Aztec. Kepha singakutshela ngamanye amaningi. Noma kungadlula kuphela, sizokucaphuna naleyo ovela kuyo ummbila thola engxenyeni yama-Aztec, leyo ye UCharro Negrokwe isandla ocingweni, the umgwaqo wengane elahlekile noma leyo yenyoka enezimpaphe noma I-Quetzalcoatl.