NguDaniel Michaels
TOULOUSE, eFrance - Umphathi wezokukhiqiza we AirbusUTom Williams uchithe iminyaka emihlanu edlule ekhulisa ukukhiqizwa komkhiqizi wezindiza waseYurophu. Manje, njengoba izindiza zihlehlisa noma zibambezela ama-oda azo, kufanele ishaye ibhalansi enzima yokulungisa izimboni esimweni esisha ngaphandle kokulimaza ithuba lokululama.
Abakwa-Airbus bamemezele ngoLwesihlanu ukuthi bathole ama-oda ezindiza eziyi-16 kuphela ngoMashi, uma kuqhathaniswa nama-oda angama-54 ngoMashi 2008 no-37 ngonyaka owedlule. Inkampani ilindele ukuthola ama-oda amasha aphakathi kwama-300 nama-400 kuphela kulo nyaka uma kuqhathaniswa nama-777 ngonyaka owedlule, okumele sisuse kuwo ukwesulwa konyaka odlule.
Ukukhiqiza izindiza kuyinkimbinkimbi kangangokuba ukubambezela ukukhiqizwa kungaba nzima njengokukusheshisa. Izimila uWilliams asanda kuzilungiselela ukukhiqiza ngokushesha kufanele zehliswe ngaphandle kokuvumela izindleko ezihleliwe ngendiza ngayinye ukuthi zikhule kakhulu.
Inqwaba yabahlinzeki be-Airbus, abaphakela zonke izinhlobo zezinto, abanakushiywa nezinqolobane ezigcwele izingxenye ezingathengisiwe noma amafektri lapho zimile, noma bazozithola bebuthakathaka kakhulu lapho kudingeka izidingo.
Ngokwengeziwe, ukudiliza abasebenzi abanamakhono kungadala ukulahleka kwethalente elingavimba ukululama ekugcineni. "Sichitha isikhathi esiningi siqeqesha abasebenzi bethu abakha futhi bahlanganise izindiza, ngakho-ke kufanele siqaphele," kusho uWilliams, iphini likamongameli omkhulu we-Airbus wezinhlelo, engxoxweni ekomkhulu lenkampani. Kusukela ngo-2003, i-Airbus inyuse ukukhiqizwa kwayo kwezindiza ngama-60%, yaya emarekhodini angama-483 ahanjiswa ngonyaka odlule.
Kodwa-ke, ngo-Okthoba, iyunithi le- I-European Aeronautic Defence & Space Co. Izinhlelo ze- (EADS) ezibanjiwe zokuqhubeka nokukhuphuka komkhiqizo kanti ngoFebhuwari zithe zizonciphisa ukulethwa kwezinhlobo zazo ezithandwayo zohlobo olulodwa kusukela ku-36 kuye ku-34 ngenyanga. Iphinde yamemezela ukuthi izobheka okunye ukusikeka.
I-Airbus nembangi yayo yaseMelika Boeing Co., esamemezela ukudilizwa kwabasebenzi abangama-4.500 XNUMX kodwa esizogcina umkhiqizo waso uzinzile kulo nyaka, basabela ngokuqapha okukhulu kunezinye izinkampani ezinkulu zezimboni enkingeni yomhlaba. I-United Technologies Corp., eyenza imishini ye-aerospace, ama-air conditioner namakheshi, ithe ngoMashi izonciphisa u-5% wabasebenzi bayo, noma imisebenzi engu-11.600 XNUMX. Caterpillar Inc. Umemezele ukudilizwa kwabasebenzi okungaphezu kwama-20.000 XNUMX, ngenkathi inciphisa ukukhiqizwa futhi iqeda eminye imisebenzi yasefekthri.
Izindiza kanye nabamele imboni babikezela ukuthi i-Airbus neBoeing bazodinga ukusika umkhiqizo kakhulu ukugwema ukwenza izindiza ezingakwazi ukuthola abathengi. UDouglas Harned, umhlaziyi wezindiza eSanford C. Bernstein & Co. eNew York, wabikezela embikweni owashicilelwa ngenyanga eyedlule ukuthi i-Airbus neBoeing kufanele banciphise ukulethwa kwabo ngonyaka ozayo ngama-20% ezinhlelweni zabo zamanje. Izinkampani eziqasha izindiza muva nje zicele bobabili abakhiqizi ukuthi basike umkhiqizo ukuze bagweme ukugcwalisa imakethe nokunciphisa inani lezindiza kumabhalansi abo.
Abamele i-Airbus neBoeing bathi izindiza zokwakha zehlukile ngoba izindiza, ezibiza phakathi kuka- $ 50 million kuya ku- $ 300 million, zithatha unyaka ukukhiqiza. Ngenxa yalokho, umjikelezo uthuthuka kancane kancane.
Okuhlangenwe nakho kukaBoeing kukhombisa ukuthi ukushintshashintsha kokukhiqiza kungazelelwe kungalimaza kakhulu. Eminyakeni eyishumi eyedlule, umenzi wezindiza wazama ukukhuphula umkhiqizo wawo esikhathini esifushane, kodwa wahlangabezana nokushoda kwezingxenye nokuntuleka kwabasebenzi abaqeqeshiwe. Ukuxazulula izinkinga zokukhiqiza kudale ukulahleka okukhulu kweBoeing, noma ngabe iletha izinombolo ezirekhodiwe zezindiza. Kusukela lapho, bobabili iBoeing ne-Airbus bazamile ukugwema ukweqa okukhulu ekukhiqizeni.
Umthetho wezabasebenzi waseYurophu uvimbela i-Airbus ekuqedeni abasebenzi kalula ngeBoeing. Ngalesi sizathu, eminyakeni yamuva nje umkhiqizi wase-Europe uqashe inani elikhulu kakhulu labasebenzi abasebenza itoho nabangaphansi kwenkontileka. UWilliams uthi ngokusebenzisa laba basebenzi kaningi, unganciphisa umkhiqizo wakho ngama-20% ngaphandle kokuyeka abasebenzi abasebenza ngokugcwele. Ukwehliswa kokuqala okusetshenziswe nguWilliams ezinyangeni ezedlule bekungukushintshwa kwesikhathi esengeziwe, i-Airbus ebivumele ukuthi ihlangabezane nesidingo esinamandla, kusho umphathi oneminyaka engama-56, abangama-37 kubo abazinikele ekwakheni izinjini, izinjini zezindiza namajethi.
Ukuphatha abahlinzeki kuyinselelo enkulu. Ngaphezu kuka-80% wenani lendiza ngayinye ye-Airbus ivela kwamanye amafemu, ngokusho kukaLouis Gallois, oyi-CEO ye-EADS. Abanye balaba baphakeli bancane kakhulu futhi babuthaka ngokwezezimali kune-Airbus futhi bazoba nesikhathi esinzima kakhulu ukubhekana nale nkinga, kusho abanye abaphathi.
Umthombo: WSJ Amazwe aseMelika