Amathempeli aseGibhithe

Uma uthanda umlando, impucuko yasendulo nezimfihlakalo, iGibhithe kumele libe semzileni wakho wezindawo zokuhamba. Kanye empilweni yakho kufanele uye eGibhithe uyozibonela izimangaliso zayo.

I-Los amathempeli we I-Egypt Ziyahlaba umxhwele futhi ungazibona ezithombeni nakuthelevishini eziningi, kepha ukuzibona zihlala ziqondile kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Ngabe uzobakhumbula? Lapha sikushiya uhlu lwamathempeli amahle kakhulu eGibhithe, lawo okufanele uwabone yebo noma yebo.

Amathempeli aseGibhithe

Lezi zakhiwo baneminyaka eyizinkulungwane ubudala futhi ngaphandle kokungabaza bayinto ekhazimulayo. Uhambo lokuqala oluya eGibhithe lumangaza bonke abahambi, kepha uma unenhlanhla yokuya kaningana ukumangala akupheli futhi lokho kuhle.

IGibhithe ngokungangabazeki linamathempeli amakhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni futhi emigqeni ejwayelekile zivela ngekhulu lesine BC. Kuyiqiniso ukuthi eziningi zazo zidume umhlaba wonke, kepha kukhona nezinye ezinhle nezingenawo umshini wokunyathelisa ongako.

EGibhithe konke kwakudala, kuzo zonke izindawo isinyathelo esisodwa kunamanxiwa asendulo noma amathempeli. Ukusuka eCairo kuye eLuxor, kulandela iNile kuye e-Aswan, akunakwenzeka ukuthi ungazitholi ezinye zalezi zakhiwo ezinhle.

Okokuqala kufanele uqambe igama elithi Ithempeli laseKarnak eyakhiwa phakathi kuka-2055 BC no-100 AD Inikezelwe konkulunkulu abathathu, u-Amun-Ra, uMut noMontu, futhi kufanele kuthiwe ithempeli lalo eliyinhloko yisiza senkolo esikhulu kunazo zonke ezake zakhiwa.

Ikhona elimangazayo yiHypostyle Hall, indawo embozwe ngosizo lwamakhoneni ayevamile eGibhithe kodwa angafundwa kahle kule ndawo. Leli gumbi likhulu kakhulu, linamakholomu ayi-134 nemigqa engu-16. Lapha kulula ukwenza uhambo ngomhlahlandlela futhi ulalele ngokucophelela imininingwane.

El Ithempeli lika-Abu Simbel Ekuqaleni yayakhiwe enkangala yeNayile, kodwa Ngokwakhiwa kwedamu i-Aswan, bekufanele lisuswe ibe yinto yobuciko yobunjiniyela yesimanje. Lokho kwenzeka ngawo-60 kwathi indawo yokwakha yasekuqaleni yasala phansi kweLake Nassar.

Namuhla iThempeli i-Abu Simbl liphephile: Kunezithombe ezingama-20 zikaRamses II futhi zakhiwa cishe ngo-1265 BC, kepha lawo ma-colossi asesimweni esihle kakhulu. Okuvame ukwenziwa ukuqasha ukuvakasha kusuka eLuxor kuya e-Aswan futhi kufanelekile ukuhamba amakhilomitha angama-280 phakathi kwalawo maphuzu amabili. Enye indlela ukuthatha i-Nile cruise uye e-Aswan futhi uchithe izinsuku ezimbalwa lapho.

Ithempeli likaMedinet Habu linikezelwe kuRamses III futhi ezinye zezinsika zayo zigcina imidwebo yazo. Kusosebeni olusentshonalanga yeLuxor futhi Kuyithempeli lesibili elidala kunawo wonke eGibhithe.

Ithempeli ebelilokhu lingimangaza njalo, ngoba ukwakhiwa kabusha kuvumela ukuvula ifasitela kokwedlule, yi Ithempeli laseMortur likaHatshepsut. UHatshepsut wayeyindlovukazi eyashona ngo-1458 BC kanye nethuna lakhe elihle futhi elikhulu kusondele esigodini samaKhosi, osebeni olusentshonalanga yeNayile. Indlovukazi yayingomunye wabesifazane ababaluleke kakhulu ngesikhathi sayo futhi ingomunye woFaro ababephumelela kakhulu, yabusa iminyaka engama-21.

Ithempeli lakhiwe ohlangothini olulodwa lwedwala elikhuluInamazinga amathathu angena ogwadule kanti abavubukuli bathi ngesikhathi sabo la mazwe abenezimila ezinkulu, yize manje eyihlane elikhulu. Izitshalo kungenzeka zilahlekile, kepha kusengusayithi ehlaba umxhwele. Kunezinkambo eziningi eziqondiswayo zeSigodi saMakhosi ngokujwayelekile.

El Ithempeli likaRamses II nawe kufanele ukwazi. Ngemuva kwakho konke, uRamses II wayengomunye wamaharahara adume kakhulu futhi athandwa kakhulu. Ekuqaleni bekuyi- emakhazeni ethempelini icishe ifane naleyo yeMedinet Habu, yayo izithombe ezinkulu ezinikelwe inkosi.

El Ithempeli laseLuxor Idume umhlaba wonke. Ithempeli lisemzini uqobo, osebeni lweNayile futhi kungumbono omuhle, ikakhulukazi ebusuku lapho kukhanya amalambu abo futhi ungawuthwebula. Ithempeli likulokho okwakuyiThebes, futhi kubonakala sengathi lakhiwa ngaphansi kwamakhosi ase-XNUMX no-XNUMX. Hlonipha unkulunkulu u-Amun-Ra futhi inamakhona ahlukene ngezikhathi ezahlukahlukene.

Lesi sakhiwo sigcinwe kahle futhi sinezakhiwo eziningi, ikakhulukazi uvulandi ohlanganisa amagceke aso amabili. Futhi ithempeli lapho u-Amon ahlonishwa khona lisenamanye amathayili alo okuqala. Ngokusobala, kungamagugu omhlaba.

El IKom Ombo Temple Kusemfuleni iNayile futhi unikezelwe konkulunkulu ababili abahlukene, UHorus noSobek. Yithempeli lamawele elinezakhiwo ezimbili ezakhiwe esibukweni. Ayindala njengabanye ngoba lakhiwa ngaphansi kobukhosi umabhebhana (odabuka eGreek nangemva kuka-Alexander the Great). Kamuva, ngaphansi kokubusa kwamaRoma, kwenziwa ezinye izandiso. Lapha zitholakele, isibonelo, Izidumbu ezingama-300 zezingwenya nanamuhla ziyakhonjiswa eMnyuziyamu Wezingwenya ongazivakashela.

El Edfu temple isosebeni olusentshonalanga yeNayile futhi ingenye yezindawo ezigcinwe kahle kakhulu ezweni. Ukwakhiwa kwayo kwaqala ngo-237 BC futhi kwaphela ngo-57 AD, ngesandla sikababa kaCleopatra, uPtolemy XII. Isenophahla ngakho-ke inika omunye umuzwa, isondele ngesikhathi.

El Ithempeli likaSeti I ise-Abydos futhi iqukethe umbhalo wobukhosi wama-XNUMX obizwa ngokuthi i- Uhlu lwamaKhosi ase-Abydos, uhlu lokulandelana kwezikhathi olunamakhadibhodi oFaro bobukhosi ngamunye baseGibhithe kusuka kuMenes kuya kubaba kaSeti I, uRamses I. Ithempeli lingaphezu kweNayile.

Singasho futhi igama le- amathempeli emakhazeni esiGodi saMakhosi, yize zingewona obukhazikhazi noma umxhwele njengamanye. Lapha ungazi ifayela le- Ithempeli likaRamses IV, elikaMerneptah nelikaRamses VI. Anamagumbi amakhulu anomoya, imidwebo enemibala ezibonisa izigcawu ezisencwadini yabafileyo ... Iqiniso ngukuthi ngemuva kokubona itshe elingenalutho elingaka, imibala egqamile, isikhala nokuzizwa kokuthula kulezi zindawo kuyamangaza. Ayikho i-sarcophagi noma yini efana naleyo, konke kuya eminyuziyamu noma amasela, kepha yisiza esifanele ukuvakashelwa.

Ekugcineni, i IColossi yaseMemnon, ezakhiwe cishe ngonyaka we-1350 BC Bangama-colossi amabili lawo umele uFaro Amenotep III endaweni yokuhlala. ekuqaleni babeqapha ukungena ethempelini lamakhaza lalelo pharao. Ithempeli ababeyingxenye yalo selicishe lanyamalala futhi ama-colossi nawo alimele impela, kepha kufanele ubavakashele.

Kula mathempeli unezela ubusuku ogwadule, ntambama e-bazaar, adabule eCairo, ukuvakashelwa kwamaPiramidi futhi kunjalo, nohambo lwe-Archaeological Museum yaseCairo. Okusho ukuthi, awusoze wakwazi ukukhohlwa iGibhithe.


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