Ingabe isithombe esibonisa i-athikili siyakubamba? Kuyamangalisa, akunjalo? Uyazibuza ukuthi ingabe kuyinto yemvelo noma yokwenziwa, iyini futhi ikuphi? Awu, kumayelana california black hole, eyaziwa nangokuthi I-Gloryhole.
El Inkazimulo Hole yenziwe abantu futhi isedanyini esifundeni ENapa, eCalifornia. Ake sifunde okwengeziwe ngaye esihlokweni sethu sanamuhla.
I-Monticello Dam
Njengoba sishilo ngenhla, lokhu kwakhiwa kuyingxenye yedamu noma idamu eliseNapa County, California. Idamu ikakhulukazi yi- I-Monticello Dam lokho Yakhiwa phakathi kuka-1953 no-1957.
Ukwakhiwa kwagcina kulawule umzila wePutah Creek enyakatho yeCalifornia, ongenela eMfuleni iSacramento. Umhosha odlula kuwo lo mfudlana ungamakhilomitha angu-137 ubude futhi uthola amanzi awo eziNtabeni ZaseMayacamas, ingxenye yoKhahlamba Lwasogwini, ogeleza ubheke empumalanga unqamule amadamu amabili, elinye lawo okuyiDamu LeMonticelli ngokuqondile.
Ukwakhiwa kwedamu kwakha i Berryssa Lake, ichibi elikhulu lokwenziwa elibalwa njengechibi lesikhombisa lalezi zici, ezinkulukazi, eCalifornia. Amanzi asetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko kwezolimo eSigodini saseSacramento.
Idamu lakhiwe ngokhonkolo elinekhothamo elingamamitha angama-93. Umthamo we-reservoir mkhulu futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngo-1983, a imboni yokuphehla ugesi ngamanzi ngamajeneretha amathathu anika amandla iSan Francisco Bay Area.
Imbobo Yenkazimulo
Imayelana nani? Lokhu "umgodi omnyama" eCalifornia awulutho nje ukuchitheka kwedamu laseMonticello. Iyini i-spillway? Ingabe a isakhiwo esisebenza ukulawula ukuphuma kwamanzi edamini, ngokuvamile ngasemfuleni noma edamini ngokwalo.
I-Glory Hole yeDamu laseMonticello ingamamitha angu-22 ububanzi ezingeni lechibi futhi iyancipha ukuya kumamitha angu-8 nengxenye endaweni yokuphuma. Ezingeni lechibi umzila wokuchitheka ungadonsa ama-cubic milliliters angu-1370 ngomzuzwana, into eyenzekayo lapho izinga lamanzi echibi likhuphuka lifinyelela kumamitha angu-4.7 ngaphezu kwezinga lomhubhe.
Isikhathi sokugcina lokhu kwenzeka ngokwemvelo kwakungo 2019. Ngaphambi kwalowo nyaka kwenzeka okufanayo ngo-2017 ngemva kweziphepho ezimbalwa, kodwa ngaphambi kwalokho, lo mkhuba wawungakaze wenzeke iminyaka eyishumi.
Kunjalo ukubhukuda lapha kwenqatshelwe ngokuphelele, kodwa noma kunjalo awukwazi ukukuthatha kalula ukuhlakanipha kwabantu. Ngakho ngeshwa kwashona umuntu oyedwa ngo-1997: Owesifazane ogama lakhe lingu-Emily Schwalek, 41, ushonile ngesikhathi ekhukhulwa ebhukuda eduze kweGlory Hole. Wakwazi ukubambelela onqenqemeni imizuzu engu-20 enzima, kodwa ekugcineni waguguleka waminza.
Kuthiwa futhi empeleni wazibulala ngoba ukube izinga lamanzi beliphezulu kangaka ubengeke akwazi ukubambelela onqenqemeni. Eqinisweni, bazama nokukhuluma naye futhi bamncenga ukuba abhukude ogwini, kodwa lo wesifazane wenqaba. Khona-ke, kubonakala sengathi kunokuba “amncele” wazidedela futhi, ekugcineni, isidumbu satholwa ngemva kwamahora amaningi engxenyeni engezansi yePutha Canyon.
Ngakho-ke, ukubhukuda akukhuthazwa ezindaweni ezithile noma ngezinsuku ezithile, kodwa Yebo, ungenza imisebenzi yamanzi endaweni yokugcina amanzi e-Vaca Mountains, edalwe ngokwenziwa yidamu elifanayo. Ngezinsuku ezinelanga kuhle ukubhukuda, ukudoba, ukushushuluza emanzini, i-kayaking noma ukuhamba ngesikebhe.
Uyabona futhi abaningi izindiza zasolwandle njengoba ichibi linechweba elikhethekile kubo. Uma uhamba usondela edamini uqobo lwalo, okuyilapho izinga lamanzi licishe lihlale liphansi, uzobona iGlory Hole engenalutho, okungukuthi, umbhoshongo kakhonkolo ophakama ngaphezu kobuso bechibi. Yilapho-ke, lapho izinga lamanzi likhuphuka ukuthi libe yilokho sathane swirl esikwazi ngokuthi i-Glory Hole, into elutha kakhulu.
Eqinisweni, isidume kakhulu futhi njengoba sonke singaba ne-drone kukhona abaningi abandiza phezu kwayo futhi bathathe amavidiyo amahle alayishwa kamuva ku-YouTube. Kodwa, Ingabe kuwukuphela kwendlela yokuchitheka kohlobo lwayo emhlabeni?
Hhayi-ke akusiyena lona onalomumo, insimbi uma uthanda. Kukhona ezinye ezilinganayo, isibonelo, ku- I-Harriman Dam e-Vermont, e-United States, e-Ladybower Dam e-Derbushire, e-United Kingdom, e-Gibson Dam e-Montana noma e-San Roque Dam e-Córdoba, e-Argentina.
Olunye ulwazi mayelana ne- I-Monticello Dam: ukwakhiwa kwayo kwakuyingxenye yalokhu okuthiwa Iphrojekthi yeSolano, iphrojekthi yekhulu lama-XNUMX ukuchelela izifunda zeSolano neYolo ukuze kwandiswe imisebenzi yezolimo okwathi kusukela ngekhulu le-50 yayinamanzi amancane kakhulu ezinyangeni zasehlobo. Indawo yathengwa ngeminyaka yawo-XNUMXs kwathi lapho kuqala ukwakhiwa abalimi bahamba futhi indawo ngokwayo yagcwala amanzi.
Yebo, njengoba nje kwaba namaphimbo avumayo, kwaba khona amazwi aphikisayo, kodwa umsebenzi waqhubeka nenkambo yawo, izindawo zaqhubeka zikhukhuleka, izakhiwo zadilizwa, amathuna asuswa, futhi ekupheleni kwalelo shumi leminyaka yonke into yabe isicishe yaqedwa. Ngo-1963 ekugcineni kwenzeka isikhukhula saseMonticello. nakuba nanamuhla uma izinga lamanzi liphansi ungabona izakhiwo ezithile, njengedolobha eliyisipoki.