Imvelo isinikeza izimangaliso eziningi, kepha iqiniso ukuthi umuntu uzidalela owakhe futhi, njengomsunguli nomakhi njengoba kunjalo, umhlaba ugcwele izimangaliso zesimanje, imisebenzi ubunjiniyela bomphakathi lokho kuhlaba umxhwele. Isibonelo, yena UMillau Viaduct.
Lokhu kwakhiwa kuseFrance futhi kwenzelwa umsebenzi wobuciko wobunjiniyela obuningi. Imayelana ne- ibhuloho lomgwaqo elide kunazo zonke emhlabeni Futhi uma usendaweni endaweni ethile, kuthiwani ngokuyazi?
UMillau Viaduct
Kuyi-viaduct imisebenzi yayo kwaqala ngo-2001 futhi kwabalwa ukuthi zizohlala iminyaka emithathu, kodwa ekugcineni zahlala ngaphansi ngoba ukuphazamiseka kwesimo sezulu, i-priori, okwakungazenza zibe nzima akuzange kuvame.
Lapho kubhekwa indlela engcono kakhulu yokuwela amamitha angama-2460 futhi udlule iTarn Valley, kwakukhona izinketho ezine ezazibekwa etafuleni lomsebenzi, kodwa ekugcineni umqondo wakhe ukwakha i-viaduct ngenhla kweTarn wakhethwa. Iminyaka eyishumi nantathu yokwakhiwa, cishe iminyaka emithathu yokwakha kanye ne-voila!
IViaduct ngumsebenzi ohlanganisa ndawonye ukhonkolo, insimbi nobuchwepheshe be-hydraulic. Lapho nje isinqumo sesithathiwe ukuthi ibhuloho lizophakama, izinkampani ezintathu ezihlukene zaqala ukusebenza ukuxazulula le nkinga futhi zenze idizayini esayinwe UMichel Virlogeux noNorman Foster.
Ekugcineni, ekwakhiweni kwe-viaduct, amathani wensimbi ayizinkulungwane eziyi-19, amakhilogremu ayizinkulungwane eziyi-1127 kakhonkolo namathani ayizinkulungwane ezinhlanu kakhonkolo osacindezelwe aqeda ukusetshenziswa. Amen kwizembozo, lezozintambo ezinkulu eziwumgogodla webhuloho. Ngakho-ke, kulinganiselwa ukuthi isikhathi sokusebenziseka komsebenzi sizoba yiminyaka eyi-5 ngaphambi kokuthi silungiswe.
Ziyini izici zobuchwepheshe zalesi simangaliso sobunjiniyela baseYurophu? Kahle i-viaduct inezinsika eziyisikhombisa, okuphansi kakhulu okungamamitha angama-70 nokuphakama okungama-245, ukuphakama okumaphakathi komgwaqo omkhulu wamamitha angama-270 no-a ubude obuphelele bamamitha angama-2460. Ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka inani lentengo yokuwela kwakungu-9, 80 euro.
Izinsika eziyisikhombisa zisekela yonke indawo futhi zinokuphakama okuhlukile njengoba ukwakheka kuphezu kwesigodi. Ukwakhiwa kwayo kwakungukhiye wephrojekthi futhi ngenxa yalokho kwakusizwa onjiniyela abakhethekile, umbhoshongo wesango we-K / 50C, abashayeli bawo abangena egumbini labo ngo-7 ekuseni base bephuma / baphuma kuwo ngo-7 ekuseni. .
Kepha ikuphi iMillau Viaduct ebusisiwe? Kulungile ibhuloho liyingxenye yomgwaqo onguthelawayeka u-A75, obizwa nangokuthi La Meridian. Ixhuma eningizimu-mpumalanga yeFrance nenyakatho usuka eClermont-Ferrand uye eBéziers, eMedithera. Umgwaqo ungamakhilomitha angama-340 ngaphandle kwentela, ngaphandle kwase-viaduct ukuwela kwawo kukuvumela ukuba weqe isigodi esikhulu somfula iTarn.
Vakashela iMillau Viaduct
Izinombolo zikhomba lokho njalo ngonyaka isigamu sesigidi sabantu sivakashela i-viaduct futhi kungumsebenzi ukuthi ivumela ukujoyina indawo yeMedithera neParis. Abaningi bahamba ngezinyawo noma bewela ngemoto kepha nawe ungakwenza vakashela iMillau Viaduct Interpretation Center enezithombe, okubukwayo kanye nolunye ulwazi ekwakhiweni kwebhuloho.
Uma unesithakazelo esikhethekile kule ngxenye ungaya endaweni yokuphumula yaseMillau okuyilapho isikhungo sikhona. Uthatha ophumayo o-45 komgwaqo onguthelawayeka u-A75, akunandaba ukuthi iyiphi indlela. Yindawo lapho ungadla khona uphumule futhi-ke, funda ngomsebenzi. Kusukela ngonyaka odlule, i-2017, kune- umbukiso omkhulu ngokwanele, amamitha-skwele angama-220 kucatshangwa ukuthi kuyisipiliyoni sokusebenzisana.
Into enhle ukuthi lo mbukiso ukhululekile futhi uvulwa unyaka wonke. Ngisho kukhona ukuvakasha okuqondisiwe, kodwa ungahlala uzihambela. Bhala phansi amashejuli:
- kusukela ngo-Ephreli 1 kuya kuMeyi 31, kusukela ngo-9: 30 ekuseni kuya ku-6: 30 ntambama
- kusuka ngoJuni 1 kuya kuSepthemba 3, kusuka ku-9 am kuya ku-7: 30 pm
- kusukela ngoSepthemba 4 kuya kuNovemba 5, kusukela ngo-9: 30 ekuseni kuya ku-6: 30 ntambama
- kusukela ngoNovemba 6 kuya kuDisemba 31, kusukela ngo-10 ekuseni kuya ku-5 ntambama.
Uhambo oluqondisiwe luhlala isigamu sehora Futhi uma ufuna ukuyithatha, kufanele nje uye endaweni yomhlangano cishe imizuzu eyi-10 ngaphambi kokuqala kokuvakasha. Amashejuli? 9:30, 10:30, 11:30 am; 2, 3, 4, 5 no-6 ntambama. Kodwa-ke, uma uthanda ukuhlela konke ongakwenza ukubhuka ku-inthanethi ku viaduc.info@eiffage.com. Uhambo oluqondiswayo lunenani, umuntu ngamunye ubiza ama-euro angama-4 futhi izingane zikhokha ama-2, ama-euro angama-50 lutho olunye. Imali noma ikhadi lesikweletu.
Uhambo oluqondiswayo lungesiFulentshi, kepha kunemihlahlandlela yokulalelwayo ngeSpanishi nezinye izilimi (isiNtaliyane, isiJalimane, isiDashi). Futhi kukhona ukuvakasha okuqondiswa ngamaqembu Bahlala imizuzu engama-50 futhi babiza ama-euro angama-110 ngamaqembu aphakathi kwabantu abayi-5 kuya kwabangu-30 noma abayi-160 ngamaqembu abantu abangama-31 kuye kwangama-60.
Ingxenye yokuvakasha ukuhamba indlela ebizwa Indlela yabahloli, ithrekhi yokungcola eyayisetshenziswa ngabasebenzi lapho namuhla kukhona abanye amamodeli womsebenzi wosayizi wokuphila evumela ukukhombisa ukuthi i-viaduct yakhiwa kanjani futhi ngayiphi imishini. Ukusuka lapho umzila uqhubeka uye ku- a umbono okuvela kuyo unemibono emihle ye-viaduct kubo bonke ubukhazikhazi bayo.
Futhi njengoba usendaweni ungavakashela nezindawo ezizungezile, eziluhlaza ngempela futhi ezinhle. Into ukuthi i-viaduct isenhliziyweni yeGrands Causses Regional Natural Park, Amagugu Omhlaba ngokusho kwe-UNESCO, izwe lase ICanyon yetarn, ezinhle Idolobha laseMillau, idolobha lesikhumba namagilavu, ushizi waseRoquefort, kanye nomnyango we I-Averyron, lapho kudlula khona iCamino de Santiago futhi enefa leTemplar nefa lasendulo lezinhlobo zonke, futhi, futhi ngenxa ye-viaduct, seliyindawo yabavakashi kakhulu.