Emafilimini amaningi e-United States sibona izingwadule ezinababulali abalandelanayo, ama-cowboy, abathengisi bezidakamizwa noma abantu abane-adventure. I Izingwadule zase-United States Zingenye yezindawo ezidume kakhulu zokuqopha amafilimu.
Kodwa ziyini? Zingaki izingwadule ezikhona? Yiziphi izici abanazo? Konke lokho nokunye esihlokweni sethu namuhla: Izingwadule zaseMelika.
Izingwadule zase-United States
Ngokwemigqa evamile nangaphansi kwengilazi yesimanje, izingwadule zase-United States nasenyakatho yeMexico. zihlelwe zaba izigaba ezine ezisekelwe ekwakhiweni kwezitshalo nokusatshalaliswa kwazo, umlando wokwakheka komhlaba wesifunda, inhlabathi nezimo zayo zamaminerali, ukuphakama kanye namaphethini emvula.
Kunezingwadule ezine ezinkulu futhi ezintathu zazo zicatshangelwa "Izingwadule ezishisayo"Hhayi nje ngoba amazinga okushisa aphakeme kakhulu ehlobo kodwa ngenxa yokuthi izimbali zawo ziyafana. Ugwadule lwesine lubhekwa njenge "Ugwadule olubandayo" ngenxa yokuthi kupholile futhi izitshalo azisekho endaweni eshisayo njengezinye ezintathu.
I-Great Basin Desert
Lolugwadule luthatha indawo ye Amakhilomitha skwele ngakho inkulu kunazo zonke ezweni. Kuwugwadule olubandayo nehlobo elishisayo, elomile kanye nobusika obubandayo lapho ngezinye izikhathi likwazi ngisho neqhwa. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi isendaweni ephakeme kakhulu njengoba idlula emikhakheni eyahlukene yezwe njengeCalifornia, Utah, Oregon, Idaho kanye ne-Arizona. Ngokukhethekile, ingxenye yesithathu esenyakatho yeNevada, entshonalanga naseningizimu ye-Utah, ingxenye yesithathu eseningizimu ye-Idaho, kanye nekhona eliseningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Oregon.
Abanye futhi bakubheka njengokuhlanganisa izingxenye ezincane zasentshonalanga yeColorado naseningizimu-ntshonalanga yeWyoming. Futhi yebo, eningizimu inqamula izingwadule zaseMojave naseSonora. Esikhathini esiningi sonyaka ugwadule yome kakhulu ngoba izintaba zaseSierra Nevada zivimba umswakama ovela ePacific Ocean. Ilukuluku? Ihlala into endala kunazo zonke ephilayo eyaziwa ngumuntu, i-Britkecone pine. Ezinye izibonelo zilinganiselwa eminyakeni engaba ngu-5 ubudala.
Uma sikhuluma ngezimila ngokuvamile, izimbali zalolugwadule ziyafana, zinezinhlobo ezivelele zeshrub ngamakhilomitha namakhilomitha. I-Cactus? Bambalwa kakhulu. Lolu gwadule lubuye lube nemikhakha eyahlukene. Amabhishi awodwa, anomsebenzi wokwakheka komhlaba, iColorado Plain enokwakheka kwayo okumangalisayo kokwakheka komhlaba kanye nokuphakama okuphezulu, kungenye.
Ugwadule lwaseChihuahuan
Lolugwadule luyagijima phakathi kwe-United States neMexico futhi ithatha indawo engamakhilomitha-skwele angama-362.000. Iningi liseMexico kanti ngasohlangothini lwase-US lithatha ingxenye yeTexas, Arizona naseNew Mexico.
Iqiniso liwukuthi lolu ogwadule inendawo eyingqayizivele neshintsha njalo. Iwugwadule oluwugwadule kodwa namanje inezinhlobo eziningi zezitshalo nezilwane. Kukhona ama-yuccas, kukhona i-cacti, kukhona izihlahla. Nangaphakathi I-Big Bend National Park iyasebenza kanye neRio Grande inqamula ihlinzeka ngamanzi anele ngaphambi kokuthululela eGulf of Mexico.
Iwugwadule olukhulu. Ebusika amazinga okushisa ayabanda futhi ehlobo kushisa kakhulu. Iningi layo lithola amanzi amancane emvula unyaka wonke kanti nakuba lina ebusika, inkathi yezimvula yihlobo.
Ubuso bayo bulukhuni ukuhlukanisa ngokwezigaba zokukhuluma ngokwezwe, kodwa ngokuvamile kukhona inqwaba yenhlabathi ye-limestone kanye ne-calcareous. Kukhona izihlahla eziningi, yiyona ugwadule oluvamile esikubona ku-cinema, kodwa izinhlobo ezingapheli zimbalwa. Izilwane? Kungase kube nezimpisi ezimpunga zaseMexico.
I-Sonoran desert
Lelihlane Isuka eMexico idlule e-Arizona iye eningizimu yeCalifornia. Ihlanganisa indawo engaba amakhilomitha-skwele ayizinkulungwane ezingama-259 futhi izungezwe ugwadule lwaseMojave, iColorado Plain kanye nePeninsular Ranges. Izingxenye ezincane zihlanganisa izingwadule zaseColorado naseYuma.
Iphuzu eliphansi ngaphezu kwezinga lolwandle yi- Sea Salton, enosawoti omningi kunePacific Ocean uqobo. Ngaphezu kwalolu lwandle, uMfula iColorado noMfula iGilas udlula lapha njengemithombo eyinhloko yamanzi. Ukunisela kukhiqize umhlaba ovundile wezolimo ezindaweni eziningana, isibonelo i-Imperial Valleys noma iCoachella eCalifornia. Kukhona nezindawo zokungcebeleka ongachitha kuzo ubusika obufudumele Palm Springs, Tucson, Phoenix.
Phakathi kwezimila ezivamile kukhona i-saguaro cactus, idume impela ngoba ikhula lapha kuphela. Ingaba yinde ngempela futhi amagatsha amaningana akhula esiqwini ukuze abukeke njengomuntu. Izimbali zawo zithuthwa impova ngamalulwane, izinyosi ngisho namajuba.
Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi iwugwadule olushisa kakhulu kuzo zonke izingwadule eNyakatho Melika, kodwa izimvula zalo ziveza a ukwehluka okukhulu kwezinto eziphilayo. Izimvula zasehlobo zivumela ukukhula kwezinye izitshalo, lezo zasebusika, kwezinye. Kukhona ngisho nezihlahla zasentwasahlobo nezimbali.
Ngaphakathi kunesikhumbuzo Sesizwe Se-Sonora Desert esakhiwa ngo-2001, sivikela indawo ethile yaso futhi sigcizelela ubuhle balo mhlaba.
Ugwadule lwaseMojave
Iwela i-Nevada, i-Arizona ne-California futhi ithola ama-intshi amabili amanzi emvula ngonyaka ngakho-ke yilokho okushiwo. ihlane elomile kakhulu. Futhi kushisa kakhulu. Futhi iwugwadule olukhulu kakhulu futhi ngaleyo ndlela inokuphakama okuhlukahlukene kakhulu kwendawo. Indawo ephakeme kunazo zonke i-Telescope Peak kanye ne-Death Valley ephansi kakhulu. Hlala ukhuluma ngokuphakama.
Enye yezindawo ezivelele kakhulu zalolugwadule yi- Isihlahla sikaJoshuwa, isihlahla esivamile futhi itholakala emingceleni yayo. Kubhekwa njengenkomba yezinhlobo zezilwane futhi lokho kunikeza ukuphila kwezinye izinhlobo zezitshalo ezingaba yizinkulungwane ezimbili. Inkomba yezinhlobo zezilwane? Isho into ephilayo engasetshenziswa ukukala izimo ezithile zemvelo. Futhi, kukhona nxazonke 200 izinhlobo zezitshalo ezikhona futhi uma sikhuluma ngezilwane kukhona izimpungushe, izimpungushe, izinyoka, onogwaja ...
Lolu gwadule lunesihlabathi, uhlaza olungatheni, izindawo zikasawoti ezineborax, i-potassium nosawoti (okumbiwayo), isiliva, i-tungsten, igolide nensimbi. Futhi ngaphakathi kobuso bayo kukhona amapaki amabili esizwe, I-Death Valley National Park kanye neJoshue Tree National Park, indawo yokongiwa, i-Mojave National, kanye nendawo yokuzilibazisa eLake Mead.
Uma uthanda imigwaqo nansi Umgwaqo we-Mojave, omunye wemizila emidala eyaletha amaphayona eCalifornia. Kuyindlela eyingqayizivele elondolozwayo njengoba abanesibindi bewela kuyo, bedlula ezindaweni ezingakashintshi lutho kusukela ezikhathini zangaphambili. Bazoba ngaphezulu kancane Amakhilomitha angu-220 futhi kwenziwa emalolini angu-4 × 4.
Kuwumgwaqo ongenamuntu, onemithombo yamanzi ahlanzekile okwakuthi ngaphambi kokuthi isetshenziswe abelungu, base beyaziwa ngamaNdiya. Ukulandela nokuqedela umzila we-Mojave akuyona into encane ngoba iyi-a uhambo oluphakathi kwezinsuku ezimbili nezintathu, okwenziwa nge-convoy enamaveni amaningana. Iqala emfuleni iColorado futhi kamuva, i-adventure yasendle ngaphandle kwe-inthanethi, ngaphandle kwezinsizakalo, ngaphandle kwamahhotela ...