IKrakow Jewish Quarter

Enye yezindawo ezithakazelisa kakhulu eKrakow yingxenye yayo yamaJuda, eyaziwa nangokuthi yiKazimierz, yasungulwa ngekhulu le-XNUMX yiNkosi uCasimir III njengedolobha elihlukile, kepha eminyakeni edlule lagcina liyingxenye yesikhungo somlando sedolobha . Yini esingayibona ngaphakathi kwekota yamaJuda? Sizokutshela ngemuva kokugxuma!

Umlando omfushane weKazimierz

Umphakathi wamaJuda wawuhlala eKazimierz kusukela esisekelweni sawo kwaze kwaba yilapho izakhamuzi zawo zidluliselwa ngenkani eGrakow ghetto phakathi neMpi Yezwe II., kwenye ingxenye yedolobha (elaziwa ngePodgorze), baze badingiselwa emakamu okuhlushwa aseduze nedolobha.

Ekupheleni kwempi, uKazimierz wasala esesimeni esibucayi futhi kwaze kwaba ngama-90s ngokuqoshwa kwefilimu iSchindler's List lapho umsebenzi wokuvuselela owakwazi ukuwunika ukubukeka kwesimanje. Njengamanje, ikota yamaJuda yaseKrakow ingenye yezindawo ezidume kakhulu ukuhlala nokuya edilini noma emadilini. Yindawo enomoya omkhulu, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwabafundi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, iKazimierz isibuyise ingqikithi yayo njengoba kuba lula ukuthola amabhizinisi ahlobene namasiko amaJuda lapha. njengezindawo zokudlela ze-kosher, amakhonsathi klezmer noma zemibukiso yobuciko, phakathi kokunye okuningi. Ngisho njalo ehlobo kuhlelwa uMkhosi Wamasiko AmaHeberu.

Yini ongayibona eKazimierz?

Izindawo ezibaluleke kakhulu ongazibona kwikota yamaJuda yaseKrakow yiGalicia Jewish Museum, amasinagoge ayo, i-Ethnographic Museum, i-Urban Engineering Museum kanye nesikwele esisha, indawo yokuhlangana yabafundi.

Ngemuva kokuvakasha eKazimierz, inketho engcono kakhulu ukuwela umfula uvakashele iPodgorze, indawo eyayiyi-ghetto yamaJuda. Ungakwenza ngebhuloho iBernatek ukuthi, elakhiwa ngo-2010, seliye laba lidume kakhulu edolobheni.

• Isinagoge Elidala yilo elidala kakhulu ePoland. Yakhiwa eceleni kwezindlu zokuqala kwikota yamaJuda ngeNkathi Ephakathi. Okwamanje ayisebenzi kepha inemnyuziyamu enikelwe isiko lamaJuda.
• Isinagoge iRemu yilo kuphela elinikezela ngezinkonzo eKrakow. Eceleni kwawo ungabona amathuna amaHeberu. Zombili lezi zindawo zisenkabeni yeKazimierz: Wolnica Square.

• Amasinagoge e-Isaac, Tempel naseKupah awavulelekile ukukhonza nawo, kepha angavakashelwa njengoba behlinzeka ngemibukiso yesikhashana.
• I-Ethnographic Museum itholakala ehholo lakudala ledolobha.
• Awukwazi ukuphuthelwa iSonto LaseSanta Caterina, ngesitayela seGothic, noma iSan Estanislao, ngesitayela seBaroque.
• IGalicia Jewish Museum inikezelwe kusiko lamaPolish lamaJuda futhi inombukiso omkhulu wezithombe wokuhlonipha izisulu Zokuqothulwa Kwesizwe eMpini Yesibili Yomhlaba.

I-Podgorze

Ngesikhathi sokubusa kwamaNazi, uPodgorze wayeyighetto yamaJuda yaseKrakow. Akuyona enye yezindawo ezivakashelwa kakhulu edolobheni, kepha ukuhamba emigwaqweni yayo kusivumela ukuba sibone izinsalela zodonga lwama-ghetto, ezitholakala eLwowska 25 naseLimanowskiego 62.

Enye indawo ebalulekile yiBohaterów Square, indawo lapho amaJuda ayezothunyelwa ekamu lokuhlushwa akhethwa khona. Kulesi sikwele kunetshe lesikhumbuzo lezihlalo, okuyisipho sikaRoman Polanski kumaJuda abaphoqeleka ukuthi bashiye amakhaya abo nezinto zabo zisemgaqweni. Esigcawini esifanayo kuneFarmacia del Águila, okuwukuphela kwekhemisi eliseghetto ngesikhathi sokuhlala nendawo yokucasha kwemindeni eminingi.

Eduze kwalapho kwakunguPodgorze ghetto khona ifektri ka-Oskar Schindler, eyenzelwe ukusebenzisa umsebenzi oshibhile wama-ghetto nokwagcina kusindisa izimpilo zabantu abangamakhulu.