imibhoshongo emide kakhulu emhlabeni

I-Las imibhoshongo emide kakhulu emhlabeni Ziyizakhiwo zakamuva. Nokho, umuntu uye wafuna ukuphakama kusukela ekuqaleni kwesikhathi. Isibonelo esihle salokhu ukwakhiwa kwe- Amapiramidi aseGibhithe, okwakuyizinto ezisondelene kakhulu nezakhiwo eziphakeme zanamuhla amakhulu eminyaka.

Futhi ngeNkathi Ephakathi, ikakhulukazi kusukela ekubukeni kwesitayela seGothic, kwakhiwa izakhiwo eziphakeme kakhulu. Ngokwesibonelo, i i-cathedral yesanta maria, eLincoln (eNgilandi), eyafinyelela cishe amamitha ayikhulu namashumi ayisithupha. Kakade ngekhulu le-XNUMX, intuthuko kwezokwakha yavumela I-Eiffel tower ifinyelele ku-300 m ukuphakama. Futhi kuthiwani nge-1931, lapho amaMelika akha, ngo-XNUMX, i- Umbuso Wase-Empire State, esifinyelela ku-381. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu kwaphawula ukuqala kwezakhiwo eziphakeme eziphakeme, ezingeyona enye into ngaphandle kwemibhoshongo yamanje ende kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Ake sikubonise zona.

1.- Burj Khalifa

yakhelwe ngumakhi U-Adrian smith ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-XNUMX, lesi sakhiwo yisona eside kunazo zonke emhlabeni, kanye naso Amamitha angu-828. Itholakala edolobheni Dubai, inhloko-dolobha ye-Arab emirate engaziwa. Ukwakhiwa kwayo kwaqala ngo-2004 futhi yavulwa eminyakeni eyisithupha kamuva. Ngokuqondene nesabelomali sayo, bekuyi-4000 million dollars, nakuba uzomangala ukwazi ukuthi ekugcineni ibize i-20.

Kunalokho, ngobude bayo, ngeke umangale ukuthola ukuthi ihlanganisa amakheshi asheshayo emhlabeni. Ngeke singene ekucacisweni kwayo kwezobuchwepheshe, okuyisicefe. Kodwa sizokutshela ukuthi iBurj Khalifa inehhotela, izindawo zokuhlala ezimbalwa ezizimele, amahhovisi, izindawo zokudlela kanye nemibono emibili. Omude kunabo bonke, okuthiwa Isitezi Esisha, itholakala esitezi se-148. Futhi kufanele sisho nokuthi ukusebenza kwalesi sakhiwo kuyinkimbinkimbi kangangokuthi, njalo ezitezi ezingamashumi amathathu, kuba nemishini eyimishini yokuyinakekela.

2.- I-Skytree, umbhoshongo omude kunawo wonke emhlabeni wezokuxhumana

Kulokhu, asikhulumi ngesakhiwo, kodwa ngombhoshongo wezokuxhumana otholakala kuwo Tokyo. Ngempela, iyi-antenna enkulukazi yomsakazo, kodwa futhi inendawo yokudlela kanye nombono. Kunoma yikuphi, ngamamitha angu-634, iyisakhiwo sesibili ngobukhulu emhlabeni futhi ingesokuqala kulolo hlobo.

Yaqala ukwakhiwa ngo-2007 futhi yavulwa eminyakeni emihlanu kamuva. Njengelukuluku, sizokutshela ukuthi uhlelo lwayo lokulwa nokuzamazama komhlaba lususelwa kulolo lwendabuko ama-pagodas aseJapane. Njengalezi, inensika emaphakathi ingxenye yayo engezansi ingagxilile. Ngale ndlela, inyakaza njenge-pendulum futhi ilawula ukudlidliza okukhiqizwa ukuzamazama komhlaba.

Okunye futhi njengeqiniso elimangalisayo, sizokubalula ukuthi, ekwakhiweni kwayo, abasebenzi abangaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezingamakhulu amahlanu basebenza nokuthi ngosuku lokuvulwa kwayo bavakashelwe ngaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezingamakhulu amabili. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma uya eTokyo, qiniseka ukuthi umbhekile ebusuku, nini kukhanya ngemibala ehlukene nenhle.

3.- I-Shanghai Central Tower

Idolobha elikhulu laseShayina laseShayina linemibhoshongo emide kakhulu emhlabeni. Ngokuqondile, eziningi zazo zigxile esifundeni sezezimali se Pudong. Kuyindaba ye- I-Shanghai World Financial Center, i-skyscraper engamamitha angu-492 ukuphakama nezitezi ezingu-101. Futhi kusukela ku- Jim Mao Tower, enamamitha angu-420 nezitezi ezingu-88, kanye ne i-oriental pearl tower, i-antenna yezokuxhumana ye-468.

Kodwa ngumbhoshongo omusha oPhakathi othatha ikhekhe. Ihlaliswe endaweni engamamitha-skwele angama-420, ingamamitha angama-000 ukuphakama futhi inezitezi eziphelele eziyi-632. Futhi, uma uvakashela idolobha, izodonsa amehlo akho ngoba ifana nephepha elikhulu eligoqwe. Ibize amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-121 futhi yaqala ukwakhiwa ngo-2400 ukuze iqedwe eminyakeni eyisikhombisa kamuva.

I-façade yengilazi yayo igqamile, enciphisa imithwalo yomoya. Ngenxa yakhe, kwakudingeka izinto zokwakha ezimbalwa ukuze kwakhiwe. Futhi ngaphezu kwalokho, eyakhe ukuma okuvunguzayo Ivumela amanzi emvula ukuthi aqoqwe okuthi, kamuva futhi kanye nezinjini zomoya, asetshenziselwe ukufudumeza kanye nesimo somoya esakhiweni.

4.- Abraj al-Bait Towers

Kufanele sikhulume nawe ngesesine I-Dubai Pentominium, kodwa kusakhiwa. Ngakho-ke, sizobeka imibhoshongo ye-Abraj al-Bait kulesi sikhundla, eyakha, ngokuya ngobuningi, isakhiwo. enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Ihlanganisa indawo engamamitha-skwele angu-1 futhi empeleni yakhiwe izakhiwo eziningana.

Umbhoshongo wawo omude ufinyelela phezulu Amamitha angu-601, enezitezi ezingu-120, futhi itholakala phakathi IMecca. Eqinisweni, yisakhiwo eside kunazo zonke I-Arabia saudí. Ikakhulukazi, itholakala ngaphesheya komgwaqo ukusuka e- mosque omkhulu. Ngalesi sizathu, inamagumbi okukhuleka athatha abantu abayizi-4000 kanye nehhotela lezinkanyezi ezinhlanu elihlalisa abahambi. Iphinde ibe nenxanxathela yezitolo ethatha izitezi ezinhlanu.

Ku-facade yayo, izodonsa ukunaka kwakho iwashi elikhulu wamamitha angu-43 ohlala ebusweni obune bombhoshongo. Futhi uzomangala ngenaliti enkulu ebeka umqhele wokwakhiwa futhi ikala amamitha angama-93. Ngaphansi kwaso, kukhona ngisho isikhungo sesayensi esisetshenziselwa ukubuka iNyanga.

5.- Canton Television Tower

Siphindela emuva China ukukutshela ngalokhu okunye ukwakhiwa kwezokuxhumana, okunamamitha angu-600 ukuphakama, nakho kuphakathi kwemibhoshongo emide kakhulu emhlabeni. Yakhelwe Imidlalo yase-Asia ka-2010. Yakhiwe ama-Dutch u-barbara ukuthi y Mark Hemel, owaklama isakhiwo se-avant-garde esiphefumulelwe imisebenzi yonjiniyela waseRussia UVladimir Shukhov.

Ngakho, yethula a isakhiwo se-hyperboloid adalwe ngama-ellipses amabili ezindaweni eziphakeme ezihlukene. Kodwa into emangalisa kakhulu ngalo mbhoshongo yilokho okubizwa ngokuthi hamba esibhakabhakeni, izitebhisi zangaphandle ezifika phezulu. Iphinde ibe nezingadi zangaphandle futhi, ngaphezu kwezinsiza zethelevishini, amathilomu, izindawo zokudlela kanye nesinema enezinhlangothi ezine.

6.- Ping Isikhungo Sezezimali

Siyaqhubeka eChina ukukhuluma nawe ngalesi sakhiwo esisedolobheni lase Shenzhen, okungaphansi kwesifundazwe esifanayo Cantón. Inokuphakama okungamamitha angama-599 okusabalele phezu kwezitezi eziyi-115.

Yaklanywa isitudiyo sezokwakha saseMelika Khon Pedersen Fox futhi izoqedwa ngesinye isitezi esinamamitha angu-293 ukuphakama nezitezi ezingu-51. Yakhiwe njengekomkhulu lenkampani yomshwalense enamandla i-Ping An Insurance futhi ine enye yezindawo zokubuka eziphakeme kakhulu emhlabeni, njengoba ingamamitha angu-592.

7.- Lotte World Tower

Ngaphakathi kwe-Asian fever yezakhiwo ezinkulu, manje sesiza ENingizimu Korea ukukutshela ngalesi sakhiwo esinezitezi ezingu-555 esingamamitha angu-123 ukuphakama naso esiphakathi kwemibhoshongo ende kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Itholakala phakathi Seoul, iphakeme kakhulu ezweni layo futhi inesikhungo sokubuka esingaphezu kwamamitha angamakhulu amahlanu ukuphakama. Cabanga ngemibono.

Ukwakhiwa kwayo kwaqala ngo-2010 futhi kwaqedwa ngemva kweminyaka eyisikhombisa. Ngaphandle, imise okwe Ikhoni elincane enezinhlangothi eziqondile ezakha ijika elibushelelezi. I-facade iyingilazi enombala ophaphathekile elingisa i-ceramics yase-Korea futhi inezici ze-metallic filigree. Ngaphakathi kukhona izitolo, amahhovisi, amakhaya kanye nehhotela eliwubukhazikhazi. Kodwa-ke, uma uyivakashela, uzokwazi ukufinyelela endaweni yokubuka, ngoba isetshenziswa umphakathi.

8.- Umbhoshongo Kazwelonke waseCanada, umbhoshongo omude kunawo wonke emhlabeni eNtshonalanga

Kuye kwadingeka ukufinyelela endaweni yesishiyagalombili ukuze uthole umbhoshongo omude kunawo wonke emhlabeni eNtshonalanga. Imayelana nalo mbhoshongo wezokuxhumana osedolobheni lase Toronto. Kuze kube yilapho kwethulwa i-Tokyo Sky Free ibiphakeme kakhulu emhlabeni wohlobo lwayo futhi, nanamuhla, isephezulu kakhulu eMelika.

Ubude bakhe Amamitha angu-553 ukuphakama futhi inendawo yokubuka engamamitha angama-447. Iqiniso lokuthi lifakwe phakathi kwe Izimangaliso Eziyisikhombisa Zomhlaba Wanamuhla yi-American Society of Civil Engineers. Ukwakhiwa kwayo kwaqala ngo-1973 futhi kwadlula iminyaka emibili kuphela yaze yaqedwa. Kuyiqiniso ukuthi babesebenza amahora angu-24 ngosuku, izinsuku ezingu-365 ngonyaka.

Yayibiza cishe izigidi ezingamakhulu amathathu zamarandi ngaleso sikhathi. Kodwa yayimele izinzuzo eziningi zezokuxhumana kangangokuthi eminyakeni eyishumi nanhlanu kuphela kamuva yancishiswa. Eqinisweni, namuhla ingenye yezindawo ezikhanga izivakashi eToronto futhi ivakashelwa abantu abangaba yizigidi ezimbili ngonyaka.

Uma wenza kanjalo, uzohlabeka umxhwele indawo yokubuka engaphansi kwengilazi etholakala ngamamitha angu-342 ngaphezu komhlaba. Usengaya phezulu, njengoba inesitebhisi sangaphandle esikhuphukela ku-447. Kodwa lokhu kusetshenziselwa izimo eziphuthumayo. Ivula kuphela umphakathi kabili ngonyaka ngemicimbi yesisa.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngaphezu komsebenzi wayo wokuxhumana, inezindawo zokudlela eziningana nezindawo zokudlela. Kweyokuqala, lena emi ku-351 metres igqamile ngoba ivuliwe isiteji esizungeza amadigri angamakhulu amathathu namashumi ayisithupha. Imibono iyamangalisa kangangokuthi, ngezinsuku ezicacile, ungakwazi ngisho nokubona idolobha lase Rochester, esifundeni saseNew York.

Sengiphetha, sikubonise eziyisishiyagalombili imibhoshongo emide kakhulu emhlabeni. Kodwa ngeke simelane nokubalula okulandelayo. ezintsha I-World Trade Centre yaseNew York ngokwayo, namamitha ayo angama-541 ukuphakama; i I-Ostankino Tower de EMoscow, okuyiyona ephakeme kunazo zonke eYurophu ngamamitha angama-540, futhi Isikhungo Sezezimali se-CTF, futhi eCanton, ekala u-530. Azibonakali yini njengezakhiwo eziqondile?