Noma ngubani onomphefumulo wesihambi ubheke ibalazwe lomhlaba futhi uye wagxila ngaphezulu kwelilodwa iso lakhe ezwekazini laseNdiya. Kuyinto indawo enhle yokuvakasha okumangazayo nokonga.
Le ngxenye yomhlaba ngokomlando yaziwa njenge inhlonhlo yaseHindustan Kuthiwani uma, kuyizwe lobuhle obuningi, amasiko kanye nomlando. Abaningi bathi inkathi eyodwa lapha nempilo yakho izoshintsha unomphela, ngakho-ke ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izimangaliso ezisilindele.
Hindustan
Njengoba sishilo ngenhla, inhlonhlo ayilutho olunye ngaphandle kwezwekazi laseNdiya, izwe elenziwe ngezizwe eziyisikhombisa: I-India, iSri Lanka, iBhutan, iNepal, iBangladesh, iMaldives nePakistan.
Namuhla igama elithi Hindustan alisetshenziswa kangako kepha noma yimuphi umfundi woMlando uyazi ukuthi ucingo lwakhiwa lapha impucuko ye-indostanic, ehluke kakhulu kumasiko akwezinye izindawo zase-Asia. Empeleni, igama lidala kakhulu namaPheresiya asevele eyisebenzisa.
Indawo ephelele iqukethe cishe amakhilomitha-skwele ayizigidi ezine nohhafu. Kuze kwadilizwa inhlonhlo ngeminyaka yo-40, indawo enkulu yayaziwa nje eYurophu njengeBritish India.
Lapho amandla okoloniyali eqala ukuhoxa, ingxenye enkulu yensimu yaqala ukonakala yaba izifunda ezincane. Namuhla igama ezwekazini kuzwakala kujwayelekile, yize kufanele sikwazi lokho leli ukuphela kwekhona lomhlaba lelo gama elisetshenziselwe lona.
Izinkinga zeJografi
Unjani lo mhlaba osenhlonhlweni? Unamaphi ama-landscape, sinjani isimo sezulu sawo? Masikhumbule ukuthi omunye nomunye uhlala ehlela impucuko.
Ngasenyakatho kukhona I-Himalayas futhi i Ulwandle lwase-Arabia, eningizimu eningizimu Bay of bengal lapho uSandokan ka-Emilio Salgari ahamba khona ngolwandle. Olunye uhla lwezintaba yi hindukush, ne-Afghanistan ngakolunye uhlangothi nePakistan ngakolunye. Futhi kukhona futhi aphansi kakhulu IMontes Suleiman.
Lapho wazi ukuthi i-India ingelinye lamazwe anabantu abaningi emhlabeni, ucabanga ukuthi inani labantu lapha kufanele libe likhulu kanti kunjalo. Kuyaziwa lokho Cishe abantu abangama-350 baphila ngekhilomitha-skwele elilodwa lobuso, okuphindwe kasikhombisa kunalokhu eo isilinganiso emhlabeni.
Umnotho weNhlonhlo YaseHindustan
Amazwe athanda I-India, iBangladesh nePakistan bathatha ingxenye enkulu yomsebenzi wezomnotho, kepha ngokuyisisekelo umkhakha oyinhloko onikeza imisebenzi eminingi. Ngikhuluma nge ezolimo (ikakhulukazi ukuziphilisa), i- ukufuya izinkomo futhi i ukugawulwa kwemithi.
Itiye, ukotini, ilayisi, ukolweni, amabele, amabele, ubhontshisi, ikhofi nomoba yizilimo eziyinhloko esifundeni. Futhi imboni? Ikhula ngamandla amakhulu eNdiya nasePakistan, yize kunjalo futhi kunezimboni eziningi eBangladesh ezinikezelwe embonini yezindwangu nezicathulo, isibonelo.
ENdiya imboni yezobuchwepheshe ithuthukise okuningi Isikhathi esithile manje, ngokuyisisekelo isoftware, ngenkathi isePakistan, okungenani kuze kube yimpi, okwakusizakala izimboni zemithi nezikawoyela.
I-India iheha iningi lezokuvakasha kwazise isimo sezepolitiki sabanye omakhelwane baso asizihehi izivakashi. Ihlazo kusukela emasikweni alo, exotic ezweni lasentshonalanga, izinsalela zemivubukulo yempucuko yakudala kanye nobuhle nokwehluka kwamathafa ayo kufanele kusetshenziswe yiwo wonke umuntu.
Amazwe weNhlonhlo YaseHindustan
I-India yizwe elikhulu kunawo wonke futhi ngenani elikhulu lezakhamizi lapha. Itholakala eningizimu futhi inendawo engamakhilomitha-skwele angu-3287.590. Imigqa yayo ingamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane eziyisikhombisa ubude futhi inemingcele engaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezine.
I-India inqamula iMyanmar, iChina, iBhutan, iNepal, iBangladesh, iPakistan, i-Indian Ocean kanye noLwandle i-Arabia. Inhlokodolobha yayo iNew Delhi futhi udinga i-visa ukuze ungene. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona ukugoma: I-Hepatitis A no-B, umkhuhlane we-typhoid, tetanus-diphtheria futhi mhlawumbe nokunye okunye.
Kungcono ukuqapha ngoba imigomo ayiphoqelekile, kuyindaba yezempilo yomuntu uqobo.
ISri Lanka iyiriphabhulikhi engabonakali enomngcele wasolwandle neNdiya kanye neMaldives. Umlando wayo wesintu okungenani uneminyaka eyizinkulungwane eziyi-125 ubudala. Ngesikhathi sikahulumeni waseBrithani kwakwaziwa ngokuthi Insephe, umkhiqizi wetiye omuhle.
Izinkolo nezilimi zigcwele lapha yize kunesiko lamaBuddha eliqinile futhi lasendulo. Inhlokodolobha yaso iColombo kanti uhambo oluya esiqhingini kufanele lubandakanye nesithombe esiphakeme samamitha ayishumi nambili sika-Avukana, iSigiriya Fortress, esime phezu kwedwala eliphakeme nelingenakunqobeka, elinemidwebo emibalabala emenyezelwe njengeGugu Lomhlaba (kunezindawo eziyisikhombisa ezweni) noma idolobha lasendulo lasePolonnaruwa.
IBangladesh i-republic enabantu abangaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-166. Ulimi lwayo olusemthethweni yisiBengali futhi sinezintaba ezinkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni njengoba imifula emithathu emide kunazo zonke e-Asia ihlangana kuyo: iGanges, iMeghna neBrahmaputra.
Futhi unomhlume omkhulu kunayo yonke emhlabeni, amasimu ezitshalo zetiye phakathi kwamahlathi emvula, amakhilomitha angama-600 ogwini olune- ibhishi elide kunawo wonke emhlabeni, iziqhingi nedwala elihle lamakhorali.
Umlando awuzange ube nomusa kuleli, kepha yimuphi komakhelwane balo oke waba nomusa kuye?
I-Pakistan kungesinye isibonelo sezwe elihle nelibekezelayo. Kuyindlela ye- islamic republic enabantu abangaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-190. Indawo okuyo ikwenze kwaba yindawo yokuxhumana ebhodini lomhlaba futhi iyayikhokhela.
Maphakathi nekhulu lamashumi amabili wathola inkululeko yakhe futhi waba obalulekile isimo samaSulumane. Ngo-1971 kwaqala impi yombango eyayizozalwa ngayo iBangladesh. Ohulumeni bezempi abalandelanayo, izikhali zabo ze-athomu, impi yeKashmir kanye nokungqubuzana neNdiya bakwenze kwaba yi-powder keg okunzima ukuyikhipha futhi ingasaphathwa akunakwenzeka ukuvakasha.
IBhutan Akuyona i-republic kepha ngumbuso, a ubukhosi bomthethosisekelo. Ayinawo ophumela olwandle futhi kusezintabeni zehealaya. Inhlokodolobha yayo idolobha iTimbu futhi ingenye ye amazwe amancane kakhulu futhi anabantu abaningi kakhulu emhlabeni: Ngaphansi kwesigidi!
Izivakashi zaqala ukufika eBhutan ngawo-70 futhi namuhla zimele imali ebalulekile emnothweni wezwe, yize ezokuvakasha eziningi zingakhuthazwa, kepha ezokuvakasha ezizinzile.
Inakho okuheha izivakashi: izindawo ezinhle kakhulu, imikhosi yezenkolo nezindela. Yebo kunjalo, kufanele ucubungule i-visa ngaphambi kokuhamba.
INepal iyiriphabhulikhi yombuso okuyinto futhi ayinayo ukuphuma olwandle. Ngenkathi ingenawo umngcele owabiwe neBhutan, kunendawo yomngcele wamakhilomitha angama-24 eyaziwa njenge inkukhu entanyeni.
Kuze kube ngu-2008 bekungumbuso wobukhosi ngokomthethosisekelo, kepha ngemuva kwempi yombango eshubile kwaqala inkathi entsha. Ngeshwa ngo-2015 lahlaselwa ukuzamazama komhlaba okwesabekayo, abangaphezu kwezinkulungwane eziyisishiyagalombili abafile, ngakho-ke usalulama.
Ijografi yayo ngeyonxande, inezintaba eziningi futhi uphethe iziqongo eziphakeme ... phakathi kwazo i INtaba i-Everest. ENepal kunezintaba ezibandayo, amahlathi anomswakama, izinkathi ezinhlanu, ngoba imvula ibalwa, nabantu abakhuluma izilimi ezahlukahlukene futhi abathi bayinkolo ehlukile.
Okokugcina, iMaldives iyisiqhingi nezwe lamaSulumane oLwandlekazi lwaseNdiya. Inhlokodolobha yayo iMalé kanye nokwakheka kwayo kwakhiwe cishe iziqhingi eziyi-1200, kuphela ezingama-200 ezihlala abantu, kepha uma ulwandle lungaze lukhuphuke ziyonyamalala unomphela.
AmaNgisi, amaPutukezi kanye namaDashi adlule lapha, yize bezimele kusukela ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-60. Akuyona intando yeningi enkulu emhlabeni futhi iyizwe elinabantu abaningi e-Asia. Vele inamathafa amahle namabhishi ngakho kuyindawo enkulu yezivakashi ikakhulukazi phakathi kwabantu baseYurophu. Abantu abaningi baphila ngokuvakasha futhi kunezindawo zokungcebeleka ezingaphezu kwekhulu.
Le yinhlonhlo eyinkimbinkimbi kodwa enhle nenothile ngokwesiko laseHindustan. Uhlala kuliphi izwe?