Isithombe - Wikimedia / David Caponera
España Inezinqaba eziningi ezindala, izinqaba nezigodlo kanti ezinye zazo zisukela esikhathini sokubusa kwamaSulumane engxenyeni yezwe. Kuyindaba yalesi sigodlo esihle osibona esithombeni: the Isigodlo sase-Aljafería.
Kungenwe I-ZaragozaIdolobha lasendulo, likhona, futhi bekuvamise ukuba yindawo yokuhlala amakhosi kaZwelonke ngezikhathi zobukhazikhazi obukhulu kanye ne-apogee yesikhathi sabo sikahulumeni. Ake sazi iPalacio de la Alegría namuhla, njengoba yayaziwa kanjalo.
Isigodlo sase-Aljafería
Ukwakhiwa kwayo kwa-odwa yinkosi yesibili yobukhosi bakwaBanu Hud, u-Al-Muqtadir, e isigamu sesibili sekhulu leshumi nanye. Wambhabhathiza IJoy Palace futhi laba yisigodlo senjabulo, lisabiyelwe njengoba linjalo nokuthi lisalondolozwe kanjani kuze kube isimangaliso samehlo ethu.
Isigodlo sidlulise ukuhamba kwesikhathi ngokuhlonishwa okukhulu futhi ngenxa yalokho, selokhu kwazalwa njengo inqaba ye-hudí islamic, kwenzeka isigodlo sangesikhathi esidlule saseMudejar, Isigodlo samaKatolika, ijele leNkantolo Yamacala Ezihlubuki esabekayo, a ikamu lamasosha kamuva futhi isihlalo seCortes of Aragon. Ngokusobala, umsebenzi ngamunye ushiye uphawu lwawo esakhiweni njengoba ubuye walungiswa, wanwetshelwa, wabhujiswa futhi wabuyiselwa futhi.
Ngakho, i isigodlo samaSulumane Yileso esakhiwa ngekhulu le-XNUMX: indawo ebiyelwe engunxande enezindonga ezinkulu nezindilinga ezineTorre del Trouvador enhle. Phakathi kwemibhoshongo emibili kusekhona umnyango wokungena omiswe okwekhothamo lamahhashi. Lesi sigodlo sinengadi, kamuva eyabizwa ngokuthi iPatio de Santa Isabel, enezindawo zokupaka nezamagumbi kuzo zombili izinhlangothi. Kukhona futhi i-mosque kanye ne-oratory elula futhi encane ye-octagonal.
Ngemuva Isigodlo saseMudejar Kuvela esandleni sokunqotshwa kabusha kuka-Alfonso I the Battler ngo-1118. Kwakuyisigodlo samakhosi amaKhatholika ase-Aragon futhi ezinye izinguquko zangaphakathi nezandiso zikweletwa zona. Kuvela iSonto LaseSan Martín, igumbi lokulala likaSanta Isabel, imengamo yeparao namakamelo anikezelwe kuPedro IV, anama-alfarjes amahle.
Cishe ngo-1492 kufektri yamaSulumane i- Isigodlo Samakhosi amaKhatholika. Lesi sakhiwo sinezinto eziningi ezivelele ezinamakamelo amaningi, lezo zeZinyathelo Ezilahlekile, Igumbi Lobukhosi elikhulu futhi elihle elinophahla lwegolide nolwe-polychrome, kanye nezitebhisi ezibanzi. Cishe eminyakeni eyikhulu kamuva, isigodlo sase-Aljafería saba yinqaba nenqaba ebalulekile, esivele isivikela ngokwengeziwe emvelweni.
Ngaleso sikhathi kwakubusa iNkosi uFelipe II, futhi lesi sakhiwo sathola udonga olungaphandle olunezakhiwo ezimise okwe-pentagon ekhoneni ngalinye kanye nomsele wamanzi nxazonke ngamabhuloho amaningana. Njengoba sibona, ayikaze iyeke ukukhula nokushintsha futhi yaqhubeka ngezikhathi zikaCarlos III no-Isabel II, owokugcina wayinikeza ngemibhoshongo ye-neo-Gothic.
Okwamanje futhi kusukela ngo-1987 iSigodlo i-Aljafería besilokhu siyisihlalo seCortes de Aragón futhi, ivulekile ukuvakashelwa. Ngakho-ke yini okufanele siyivakashele? Qaphela: iPatio de Santa Isabela, Igumbi Lobukhosi, iMosque, iSonto LaseSan Martín, isigodlo saseMudejar sikaPedro IV kanye neTorre del Trovador okungenye yezakhiwo ezindala kakhulu esakhiweni.
La Troubadour Umbhoshongo iqanjwe ngomsebenzi wokubhala ka-Antonio García Gutierrez kusukela ngo-1836, kamuva waphenduka waba yi-opera kaGiuseppe Verdi. Ingabe i- umbhoshongo wokuvikela isikwele wezindaba ezinhlanu eyakhiwe ngasekupheleni kwekhulu lesi-XNUMX. Ngaphandle angazi ukuhlukaniswa kwangaphakathi emafulethini amaningi futhi kubonakala kuqinile. Ungena ngomnyango omncane owawungenwa ileli ephathekayo futhi ngokwemvelo, wawunemisebenzi yezempi, yokubheka nokuvikela.
Lo mbhoshongo uzungezwe umsele futhi bekuyiBanu-Hud kamuva eyayihlanganisa nenqaba. AmaKristu awuphendula waba yiTower of Homage kanye neNkantolo Yamacala Ezihlubuki yaba umgodi ongaphansi komhlaba. Ngemuva kwalokho sinesigodlo se-taifal, esiphethe inkosi yesibili yobukhosi kanye nalowo owabhabhadisa njengesigodlo senjabulo, ibhilidi elinemihlobiso ebomvu nebuluhlaza negolide, imabula emhlophe nobuhle obuningi.
Eminingi yale mihlobiso ilahlekile, u-plasterwork, ama-alabaster baseboards, izitezi zemabula ... Kukhona okushiywe kumamyuziyemu futhi yilokho okusivumela ukuba sibucabange ubuhle bayo bokuqala. Isibonelo, okusele kweGolden Room kusivumela ukuba sazi ukuthi uphahla lwayo lwakhiqiza izulu nomkhathi, lwalunokungena ngendwangu yezikhala ezintathu, lwalunezinsika zemabula ezinezihloko zama-alabhaster zamaSulumane nemibala eminingi, eminingi.
Kusukela ekwakhiweni kwasekuqaleni, i-mosque isele, encane, i-oratory yangasese eyasetshenziswa yinkosi futhi equkethe, ngaseMecca, i-niche ye-mihrab. Igceke elidumile laseSanta Isabel lahlanganisa isigodlo sonke futhi amagumbi amaningi abheka phezu kwalo. Ichibi lasekuqaleni eliseningizimu selisalile futhi selibuyiselwe kabanzi ngezihlahla nezimbali zewolintshi kanye namabhilidi emabula phansi.
Okungakafiki ukulungiswa okuningi yisigodlo sikaPedro IV the Ceremonious, neSonto LaseSan Martín, imboni yakudala yamaGothic-Mudejar. Inama-naves amabili anezingubo ezilula ezine-ribbed ezihlotshiswe ngezihlangu zobukhosi base-Aragon kanye nomnyango wezitini kusukela ngezikhathi zikaMartín el Humano. KwakunguPedro IV owandisa isigodlo samaSulumane ngamakamelo amaningi namakamelo okulala futhi kamuva, njengoba sishilo, kwakungamakhosi amaKhatholika amaKhatholika akha isigodlo esisha esitholakala ngezitebhisi ezinkulu.
Ekugcineni, i Isihlalo sobukhosi yincazelo yegama elihle kakhulu. Likhulu, lingamamitha angama-20 ubude namamitha ayisishiyagalombili ububanzi, linezinsika eziwugqinsi, imihlobiso emile okweqabunga lama-pinecone elengayo, imengamo kanye ne-riser ezungeze lonke igumbi nge-Gothic calligraphy futhi ihlonipha umfanekiso kaFernando, iNkosi yaseSpain.
Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi isigodlo sibaluleke kakhulu njengobufakazi obuphathekayo bokuthi izakhiwo zaseSpanishi zamaSulumane zazinjani ngezikhathi zeNational eSpain yanamuhla. Lesi sikhathi kwakungaphambi kokufika kwama-Almoravids futhi kusukela ngo-1986 isakhiwo esiyisakhiwo besiyindawo eyiGugu Lomhlaba.
Ulinganisa ukuthi ukuzungeza isigodlo kuthatha cishe amahora amathathu ukuhamba. Kusenkabeni yedolobha futhi ungafika lapho ngebhasi noma ngezinyawo. Ngiyakushiya imininingwane ephathekayo yokwenza ukuvakasha:
- Amahora: kusuka ngo-Ephreli kuya ku-Okthoba evulwa ekuseni, ngaphandle kwangoLwesine nangoLwesihlanu, kusuka ngo-10 ekuseni kuya ku-2 ntambama. Izinkambo eziqondiswayo zingu-10: 30, 11:30 no-12: 30. Ntambama, ngaphandle koLwesine, kusukela ngo-4: 30 kuya ku-8 ntambama, nohambo oluqondiswayo ngo-4: 30, 5:30 nango-6: 30. Kusukela ngoNovemba kuya kuMashi ekuseni, ngaphandle kwangoLwesine nangoLwesihlanu, kusuka ngo-10 ekuseni kuya ku-2 ntambama ngokuvakasha okuqondiswayo ngesikhathi esifanayo nantambama, ngaphandle kwangoLwesine, kusukela ngo-4: 30 kuya ku-6: 30 ntambama. Isigodlo siyavalwa ngeSonto ntambama.
- NgoJanuwari, uJulayi nango-Agasti isigodlo sivuliwe nsuku zonke, kepha savalwa ngoDisemba 25 nangoJanuwari 1.
- Ukwamukelwa okujwayelekile kubiza ama-euro ama-5.