Isiko LamaHindu

Isiko lamaNdiya laziwa emhlabeni wonke njengenye yamasiko aphilayo futhi ayimfihlakalo ezikhona namuhla, le nkulumo enhle yase-Asia ingumphumela wokuhlanganiswa okuthakazelisayo nokwenziwa kwezinto ezahlukahlukene. Kuyingxube enkulu yamasiko eye yamunca izitayela ezivela emazweni angomakhelwane, yakha amandla amakhulu amasiko ahlukile, akhonjiswa ezicini ezisukela enkolweni kuye kwezokwakha, ubuciko, i-gastronomy noma amasiko. Ubuningi bayo buholele ekubeni ngelinye lamazwe athakazelisa kakhulu emhlabeni, futhi indawo enhle kakhulu yezivakashi yabahambi abavela kuwo wonke umhlaba.

Lesi siko samaHindu besilokhu sinikela ngamasiko eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane, ebuyela emuva kuya eRig-Veda, umbhalo omdala kunayo yonke eNdiya, kusukela ngekhulu le-XNUMX BC Ngemuva kokuhlaselwa kwamaSulumane nokubuswa kwamazwe aseNtshonalanga eNdiya, yathonywa amasiko ahlukahlukene, kepha yagcina ingqikithi namasiko ayo. Akunakwenzeka ukutshela izinkulungwane zeminyaka yamasiko namasiko kokuthunyelwe okukodwa, kepha sizozama ukwakha umbono obanzi wesiko lamaNdiya nokuthi yini okusidonsela kukho.

Umlando omncane waseNdiya

Umlando wasendulo waseNdiya uhlukaniswe waba yi Isikhathi seVedic nenkathi yeBrahmanic. Eyokuqala endala kunayo yonke ngonyaka we-3000 BC, lapho impucuko yaseDravidian yayinosiko oluthuthukisiwe, nemboni yethusi, ezolimo kanye nemiphakathi emincane, ngaphezu kwenkolo yenkolo. Isikhathi seBrahmanic safika lapho amaBrahmins, i-casp evela endaweni yoLwandle iCaspian, ephethe izindawo ezazakha imibuso emincane. Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kokubusa kwabo okuyinhloko nobushiqela, abantu bahlubuka futhi baqala ubuBuddha.

La Indaba yamanje ikhuluma ngokuhlaselwa kwamasiko ahlukahlukene, kusuka kumaPheresiya kuya kuma-Arabhu, isiPutukezi noma isiNgisi. Kuyisifinyezo esibanzi impela, kepha kusinikeza umbono wawo wonke amathonya leli siko lamaNdiya eligxile kuwo elithole kuwo wonke umlando.

Uhlelo lwezigaba zamasiko amaNdiya

Lolu hlelo lokuhlukaniswa komphakathi itholakala ngqo kubuHindu, inkolo eyinhloko yaseNdiya. Kusifundisa ukuthi abantu badalwa bevela ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zomzimba kankulunkulu uBrahma, ngaleyo ndlela bakha izigaba ezine ababusa ngazo amakhulu eminyaka.

Emlonyeni kankulunkulu uBrahma kwavela amaBrahman, iqembu elinamandla kakhulu, labapristi. I-chatria ngamaqhawe ahloniphekile, avela ezingalweni zikankulunkulu. AmaVaisia ​​ngabathengisi nabalimi, abaphuma emathangeni kankulunkulu, kanti ama-sudra noma izinceku bangabaphansi kakhulu, abaphuma ezinyaweni zikankulunkulu. Ngaphezu kwalaba kunabantu abangathintwa, abathathwa njengabaxoshiwe, nabangeyona ingxenye yohlu noma umphakathi, ngoba bebengenza kuphela imisebenzi ephansi kakhulu, njengokuqoqa indle yabantu. Njengamanje, ama-castes acindezelwe ngokomthetho, kepha ayagcinwa ngenxa yokusetshenziswa namasiko nokuthi lokhu kugxile kangakanani emphakathini.

Inkolo eNdiya

Inkolo iyingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yesiko lamaNdiya, futhi namuhla kunezinkolo ezine zomdabu waseNdiya noma waseDharmic. UbuHindu buyinkolo ethandwa kakhulu, futhi ingeyesithathu ngobukhulu emhlabeni. Ngaphakathi kwayo kunezikole namasiko amaningi ahlukene, futhi kuyinkolo elandela isiko lama-castes. Onkulunkulu bayo abakhulu yiRama, Shivá, Visnú, Krisná neKali.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kukhona ubuBuddha, obesihlanu obubaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni, obasungulwa nguSidarta Gautama, indodana kaRaja wobukhosi bukaSakias, owalahla konke waba yisinxibi, wazibiza ngoBuddha, okusho ukuthi okhanyiselwe. Kususelwa enkambisweni yokulunga, isisa senhliziyo, uthando nezinye izimfanelo ezinhle futhi akuyona inkolo. Kukhona futhi ubuYainism, obufana nobuBuddha, kanye nobuSikhism, inkolo ekholelwa kuNkulunkulu munye maphakathi ne-Islamism ne-Hinduism.

I-athikili ehlobene:

I-India: Izinkolelo Nezithixo

Umculo nemidanso yesiko lamaHindu

Inkulumo yomculo futhi ingxube ecebile yemisindo yabantu nemisindo yakudala, okuholele ekwakhiweni kwemidanso exotic nejwayelekile yezwe. Noma kunjalo, Kunemidanso engu-8 yamaHindu ezihlukaniswe njengezakudala, futhi ezifakwe ohlelweni lokufundisa lwendabuko ngenxa yesimo sazo njengenkulumo yakudala yamaHindu. Ifundiswa eNational Academy of Music, Dance and Drama ehlonishwayo, futhi ifaka nemidanso ye: bharatanatyam, ikati, kathakali, umabhebhana, kuphudi, i-manipuri, odissi y sattriya. Le yimidanso yezinhlobo zokulandisa ezingajwayelekile ezibandakanya nezinto ezingakholeki ezinganekwane, awukwazi ukuya eNdiya ngaphandle kokubona omunye wale mibukiso emangalisayo.

Kukhona nomculo wesintu osadlala kwezinye izingxenye zezwe. Kukhona amaBauls eBangal, umculo waseBhangra enyakatho noma iQuawwali ePujab.

I-Gastronomy yesiko lamaNdiya

Ukudla lapha kuyintokozo yolwanga. Ukudla kwamaNdiya kwaziwa ngamakhekhe awo amnandi, nangokusetshenziswa okuyinkimbinkimbi kwezinongo ezahlukahlukene, okuhlala kususelwa kwilayisi nommbila. Izinongo eziningi ezahlukahlukene esizidlayo namuhla, njengopelepele omnyama, zivela lapha, ngakho amaHindu aziphatha ngendlela engavamile. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kudla kungaba yingozi kancane kwabaguliswa ukungezwani komzimba, ukuba nokudla okubabayo, abantu abangaphezu koyedwa bangabhekana nobunzima.

Kunezitsha ezijwayelekile okungafanele ziyeke ukuzama uma uya eNdiya, ngoba i-gastronomy ihlale iyingxenye ebalulekile yesiko lezwe ngalinye. Inkukhu yaseTandoori yisitsha senkukhu esosiwe esihlanjululwe nge-yogurt futhi enongwe ngamakha we-tandoori. Kukhona nezinye izitsha ongazizwa ujwayelekile kuwe, njenge-biryani, okuyi-rice enenhlanganisela yezinongo, ngoba akumele sikhohlwe ukuthi izinongo zibaluleke kakhulu ekudleni kwase-India. I-pizza yaseNdiya noma i-uthathaappam iyisisekelo senhlama eyenziwe ngofulawa we-lentil nofulawa welayisi ngemifino nezinye izithako, ezifana nama-pizza ajwayelekile. Esigabeni samaswidi une-jalebi, inhlama emnandi efakwe kwisiraphu, enombala o-orenji oyisici kanye nokuma kwekhonki eligingqiwe.