Izikhumbuzo ezibalulekile zaseSpain

ukukhuluma nawe mayelana izikhumbuzo ezibalulekile zaseSpain icabanga ukwenza umzamo wokufingqa nokuhlanganisa. Ngoba izwe lethu linomlando wamakhulu eminyaka oholele ekutheni libe nefa elikhulu eliyisikhumbuzo nelinobuciko obumangalisayo.

AmaGreki, amaRoma, amaVisigoth, ama-Arabhu kanye nabanye abantu badabula eNhlonhlweni Yase-Iberia. Bonke bashiye ifa elifanele ngesimo sezakhiwo namasiko. Kusuka Asturias up I-Andalusia futhi kusuka Extremadura up I-Aragón, izindawo ezine eziyinhloko zesizwe sakithi zinezakhiwo ezifanele ukuvakashelwa nguwe futhi eziphakathi kwezindawo ezivakashelwa kakhulu izivakashi ezivela kuwo wonke umhlaba. Kodwa, kunoma yikuphi, sizokukhombisa ukukhetha kwethu kwezikhumbuzo ezibalulekile eSpain.

I-Alhambra yaseGranada

Umsebenzi wengqungquthela yezakhiwo zase-Andalusia, i-Alhambra ayiyona isikhumbuzo, kodwa iqembu labo. Ngaphansi kwaleli gama kufakwe isigodlo sama-Arab, izingadi ezinhle, izigodlo ezindala ngisho nesigodlo sakamuva esiguqulwe saba ihostela lezivakashi.

Ungakwazi ukufinyelela indawo ebiyelwe ngeminyango eminingana. Phakathi kwazo, lezo zezikhali, zoBulungiswa, Iwayini, Izitezi Eziyisikhombisa noma i-Arrabal. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, e-citadel the Imibhoshongo yaseHomenaje neVela. Kodwa lapho okulindelwe khona izimangaliso zakhona kuse- Medina. Kukhona izigodlo okugqama kuzo ezimbili. Owase-Comares yakhiwa eduze kwePatio de los Arrayanes ngekhulu le-XNUMX, ngenkathi amabhubesi yayakhiwe yazungeza ingadi yegama elifanayo.

Ungabona futhi ucingo I-Mexuar, amakamelo asetshenziselwa ukudlulisela ubulungisa futhi, endaweni Eyingxenye, izinsalela zezinye izigodlo ezindala. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, negama Amakamelo E-Emperor iqembu lamakamelo elakhiwe ngezikhathi ze UCarlos I. Kodwa-ke, zizophela ngokushesha lapho zingase zisetshenziswe isigodlo emiselwe uMbusi.

Kuyisibopho futhi e-Alhambra ukudabula ukuhamba kwemibhoshongo, okuyinto, njengoba negama layo libonisa, ikuyisa eLos Picos, la Cautiva, las Infantas ne-del Agua. Kodwa elinye igugu elikhulu lale nkimbinkimbi eyisikhumbuzo yi- IGeneralife. Yindlu yasemaphandleni ezungezwe izingadi zokuhlobisa kanye nezihlahla zezithelo ezisetshenziswa amakhosi aseGranada njengendawo yokuhlala yokuphumula. Ibuye iqale ngekhulu le-XNUMX futhi, nxazonke zayo, ungabona nezinye izakhiwo zenkathi ye-Nasrid. Phakathi kwabo, i Isihlalo sikaMoor, lo ichibi eliphukile noma izinsalela ze I-Dar-al-Arusa Palace.

I-La Sagrada Familia

Lokhu kwakhiwa kwezenkolo e-Barcelona kuwumsebenzi we-genius of U-Antonio gaudi. Kodwa futhi kuyisibonelo sokuthi imisebenzi emihle ingakhiwa ngesitayela somuntu siqu esigcwele fantasy. Igama lakhe eliphelele ngu Ithempeli elichazayo lomndeni ongcwele futhi umakhi wezakhiwo waseCatalan ongavamile waqala ukwakhiwa kwawo ngo-1882.

Kuyamangaza ukuthi ayikaqedwa, kepha ingesinye sezikhumbuzo ezivakashelwa kakhulu eSpain. Ibonisa ubungako bokudala buka-Gaudí futhi ingumchazi ongcono kakhulu we- I-architecture yesimanje ye-Catalan. Eqinisweni, ihlanganisa kahle zonke izitayela eyayizithuthukisile kuze kube yileso sikhathi. Phakathi kwalokhu, i-neogothic, isazi semvelo noma i-geometric.

Ithempeli linohlelo lwesiphambano sesiLatini elinama-nave amahlanu amaphakathi kanye ne-transept yezintathu. Iphinde ibe ne-apse enama-chapel ayisikhombisa. Ngaphandle, inama-facade amathathu, anikezelwe ekuZalweni, Emdlalweni naseNkazimulweni kaJesu. Ngokunjalo, lapho isiqediwe, izoba nesamba semibhoshongo eyishumi nesishiyagalombili, phakathi kwayo ephakathi izogqama, igcine iyidomu futhi ilingane namamitha acishe abe yikhulu namashumi ayisikhombisa nanhlanu ukuphakama.

Ngokuqondene nengaphakathi layo, iSagrada Familia nayo iyamangalisa. Ingcweti ka-Gaudi yakha indawo ephilayo ukuthi kufana nehlathi, enezinsika ezimise okwesiqu sesihlahla. Ngokwengxenye yabo, ama-vaults anokubukeka kwe-hyperboloid futhi amafasitela asakazwa ngendlela yokuvumela ukukhanya kwe-harmonic nokuthambile ukungena. Ngokufanayo, yonke into ethempelini inenani elingokomfanekiso futhi uGaudí waze wanakekela ukuklama izakhi zokuhlobisa. Lokhu kuyindaba yamapulpiti, ama-confessionals noma ama-lecterns.

Ngamafuphi, iSagrada Familia iyisimangaliso ngenxa ka-Antonio Gaudí omkhulu. Umlingiswa wayo oyingqayizivele nobukhosi bayo buyenza ibe ngesinye sezikhumbuzo ezibalulekile eSpain.

Ama-cathedrals, abalulekile phakathi kwezikhumbuzo ezibalulekile zaseSpain

Kunamasonto amaningi futhi amangalisayo eSpain kangangokuthi asifuni ukukutshela mayelana nelilodwa nje, kodwa mayelana ambalwa. Mhlawumbe evakashelwa kakhulu owaseSeville ngezizathu eziningana, ngaphezu kwemvelo yayo emangalisayo. Phakathi kwabo, ukuthi ingenye yamasonto amakhulu amaGothic emhlabeni. Kodwa, mhlawumbe, kuphinde kuthonywe iqiniso lokuba nodumo i-giralda. Le minaret yenkathi yama-Arab yayingeye-mosque yakudala yekhulu le-XNUMX futhi yayisetshenziswa njengombhoshongo wensimbi wethempeli. Okunye okulondolozwe kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuyigugu Igceke lezihlahla ezingamawolintshi.

Futhi, ivakashelwa kakhulu I-Cathedral yaseSantiago yaseCompostela, kokubili ngokuba indawo yokuvakashela kanye nokuba igugu lamaRoma. Yisitayela esihamba phambili ekwakhiweni, kodwa futhi siveza i-Gothic, Renaissance, Baroque kanye nezakhi ze-Neoclassical. izimanga njenge I-facade ka-Obradoiro noma i IPortico yeNkazimulo yenza leli sonto lombhishobhi libe umsebenzi oyingqayizivele.

Kodwa asikwazi ukukhohlwa mayelana Burgos Cathedral, ngesitayela sayo se-French Gothic. Iphinde yathola izinguquko kamuva. Kodwa uma kuhlaba umxhwele ngaphandle, kuyafana nangaphakathi. Ihlala amagugu ayiqiniso okubaziwe kanye nezakhiwo njenge Izitebhisi zegolide, the i-altare ye-gothic kaGil de Siloé noma eziningi amathuna phakathi kwazo okuvelele cid. Ngokufanayo, i-original i-flycatcher, isakhiwo esicacile esivula umlomo wayo lapho kukhala i-chime.

Besingakutshela ngamanye amasonto amahle aphakathi kwezikhumbuzo ezibalulekile zaseSpain. Ngokwesibonelo, uMurcia, omunye waseSalamanca o Le yindawo ka Almudena eMadrid. Nokho, sikhetha ukudlulela kwezinye izakhiwo ezingavamile ngokulinganayo.

I-mosque yaseCordoba

Lesi yisimo seMosque yaseCórdoba ehlaba umxhwele, okwamanje, okwamanje I-Cathedral of the Assumption of Our Lady. Njengoba cishe izinkulungwane ezingamashumi amabili nane zamamitha-skwele, yayingeyesibili ngobukhulu emhlabeni ilandela iMecca.

Ukwakhiwa kwaso kwaqala ngekhulu lesi-XNUMX futhi, kanye ne-Alhambra, iyisikhumbuzo esibaluleke kakhulu esigcinwe Ubuciko be-Andalusian. Nokho, labuye lashintshwa izikhathi eziningana. Eqinisweni, eminye yeminyango yayo, njengaleyo engaphakathi USanta Catalina kuwukuvuselela. Ingenye yeziningi ezakha ingaphandle lesakhiwo, lapho umbhoshongo wensimbi kanye ne-minaret endala, ama-balconi afana nalawo aseningizimu ye-façade kanye nama-patios afana nalawo aphezu kwendlu. izihlahla zewolintshi.

Lesi sakamuva sisuka egcekeni lezindlu zangasese le-mosque yasekuqaleni futhi sinemithombo efana ne-Santa María noma i-Cinamomo namathangi afana ne-Almanzor. Ngokuqondene nengaphakathi, idume kakhulu ihholo le-hypostyle, nezinsika zalo namakhothamo. Kodwa futhi i-altare ye-Mannerist yendlu yesonto enkulu, i-choir ensemble noma ama-chapel ahlukene. Phakathi kwazo, eyangempela, eyakwaSan Ambrosio, eyaseVillaviciosa noma eyakwa-Our Lady of the Conception.

I-Alcázar de Segovia, inqaba phakathi kwezikhumbuzo ezibalulekile zaseSpain

Le nqaba ebabazekayo yekhulu le-XNUMX ivakashelwe kakhulu ngohlobo lwayo eSpain. Iphakeme phezu kwe isigodi sase-Eresma futhi ibusa idolobha laseCastilian elingokomlando. Amakhosi angamashumi amabili nambili kanye nabanye abalingiswa ababaluleke kakhulu emlandweni baye badlula kukho. Futhi ingesinye sezibonelo ezinhle kakhulu zenqaba yezempi yekhulu le-XNUMX emhlabeni.

Ngaphandle, i-Alcázar isatshalaliswa egcekeni le-Herrerian eline-moat, ibhuloho lokudonsa kanye nendawo yokugcina, eqinile ngohlelo lwayo lwesikwele kanye nemibhoshongo emine. Kodwa okumangalisayo nakakhulu John II umbhoshongo, kamuva futhi isiGothic, kanye nalokho okubizwa ngokuthi Ithala lamaMoor, okukunikeza umbono omuhle wePlaza de la Reina Victoria Eugenia.

Ngokuqondene nengaphakathi, inqaba inamakamelo amangalisayo. kwe kwe Isigodlo Esidala iphuma amafasitele amabili namapulangwe alo; lokho kwe Indawo yomlilo ngezithombe zakhe namakhasethi; omunye we Isihlalo sobukhosi ngoba izihlalo zayo zobukhosi ngaphansi kombhede kanye nalokho igalari Ithola leli gama ngenxa yophahla lwaso oludala olunebhokisi elisesimweni somkhumbi ohlanekezelwe. Igumbi lasebukhosini, indlu yesonto namanye amagumbi afana ne-Weapons agcwalisa ingaphakathi le-Alcázar.

Ekugcineni, ngakolunye uhlangothi lwenkundla ye-parade, ungabona Museum of the Royal College of Artillery. Futhi, njenge-anecdote, sizokutshela ukuthi amafomu alokhu kwakhiwa amangalisa kakhulu futhi ayasikisela kangangokuthi kuthiwa ayesebenza njengesibonelo Walt Disney okwenqaba yakho Cinderella. Akukhona nje ukuqondana ukuthi ithola izivakashi ezivela kuwo wonke umhlaba.

Sengiphetha, sikubonise okuthile izikhumbuzo ezibalulekile zaseSpain. Kodwa besingakutshela ngabanye abaningi. Ngokwesibonelo, labo abakha i- I-Asturian pre-Romanesque, eyingqayizivele kuwo wonke amaplanethi. Noma futhi obabazekayo Ithiyetha yaseRoma yaseMerida, eyakhiwa ngekhulu lokuqala BC futhi isasetshenziselwa ukwenza imidlalo. Noma, ekugcineni, ngokubabazekayo I-Monastery yaseSan Lorenzo del Escorial, igugu leNkathi Yenguquko eliye labizwa ngokuthi isimangaliso sesishiyagalombili emhlabeni. Konke lokhu ngaphandle kokukhohlwa abanye abanjengo I-Basilica ye-Our Lady of the Pillar eSaragossa, the izindonga ze-Avila noma i umbhoshongo weHercules eLa Coruña, osekuyiminyaka eyizinkulungwane ezimbili imile. Awucabangi ukuthi izikhumbuzo ezibalulekile zaseSpain ziyamangalisa?