Ugwadule yi indawo ethola cishe akukho mvulaYize kungesosizathu sokuthi kufanele sicabange ukuthi ihlane alinakho ukuphila kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo. Kuyenzeka, futhi njengoba nje kukhona izingwadule ezomile futhi cishe kungekho zimbali noma izilwane, kukhona nezinye ezicishe, ngendlela yazo, zibe yingadi yezithelo.
Uma sibheka ebalazweni lezingwadule zomhlaba, siyabona ukuthi kunokuhlangana okukhulu kwezingwadule eNyakatho Afrika nase-Asia eningi. E-Asia kunezingwadule ezingaba ngamashumi amabili nantathu noma izingwadule ezisemihlane, izingwadule zasendulo nezinye ezakhiwe. Kepha kukhona abathile abahlukile futhi abadumile futhi banjalo izingwadule ezinkulu zase-Asia.
Ugwadule Lwase-Arabia
Leli ugwadule olukhulu, lwe Amakhilomitha skwele, esisuka eYemen siye ePersian Gulf futhi sisuke e-Oman siye e-Iraq naseJordani. Ugwadule luseMiddle East, entshonalanga ye-Asia, futhi cishe luhlala ngokuphelele eNhlonhlweni yase-Arabia. Ikona isimo sezulu esomileKunezindunduma ezibomvu, izihlabathi ezixegayo namazinga okushisa ancibilika emini, angama-46ºC, futhi aqandisa ebusuku.
Ezinye izinhlobo zezitshalo nezilwane zamukelwe ukuthi zihlale lapha kanti ezinye zibhubhile ngenxa yokukhula kwamadolobha nokuzingela kwabantu okuqhubekayo. Leli hlane lase-Asia licebile emadiphozini esulfure, phosphates kanye igesi yemvelo namafutha futhi kucatshangwa ukuthi mhlawumbe le misebenzi iyona ebeka ukongiwa kwayo engcupheni.
Ugwadule LwaseGobi
Luyihlane elikhulu kakhulu elihlala kulo ingxenye yeChina neMongolia. Izintaba zeHimalaya zivimba amafu aletha amanzi oLwandlekazi lwaseNdiya njengoba kunjalo ugwadule olomile, cishe kungekho mvula. Inendawo engamakhilomitha-skwele ayizinkulungwane eziyi-1.295 futhi iyihlane elihamba phambili e-Asia.
IGobi ayilona ugwadule olunesihlabathi esiningi futhi ikakhulukazi umbhede walo uyidwala eliveziweyo. Ngasikhathi sinye i- ugwadule olubandayoKungaze kumiswe iqhwa futhi ungabona ngisho nezindunduma ezimbozwe yiqhwa. Konke ngoba kusendaweni ephakeme kakhulu, phakathi kwamamitha ayi-900 kuye kwayi-1520. -40ºC ukushisa okungenzeka ebusika kanti i-50ºC ehlobo nakho kujwayelekile.
IGobi ingelinye lalezo zingwadule ezingami ziqhubeke nokukhula, futhi lokhu zikwenza ngezilinganiso ezethusayo ngenxa yokushesha inqubo yokugwaduleka ukuthi uhlangabezana. Futhi, idumile ngoba iyi- Umbuso woMbuso WaseMongol, owoGenghis Khan.
Ugwadule lweKarakum
Lelihlane ise-Asia emaphakathi futhi ngesiTurkey kusho izihlabathi ezimnyama. Ugwadule oluningi lusemazweni aseTurkmenistan. Ayinabantu abaningi futhi lina kakhulu. Ngaphakathi kukhona uhla lwezintaba, Izintaba zaseBolshoi, lapho kutholwe khona izinsalela zabantu kusukela ku-Stone Age kanye nezindawo ezimbalwa zokutholwa kulabo abathatha isinqumo sokuyikhuphula.
Lelihlane nalo linayo izindawo zikawoyela negesi yemvelo. Eqinisweni, ngaphakathi lapha kukhona uMnyango Oya Esihogweni odumile, i- IDarvaza crater, insimu yegesi yemvelo eyawa ngo-1971. Kusukela lapho iye yakhanyiswa unomphela ngenhloso, ukugwema izingozi: ingamamitha angama-69 ububanzi nemitha engama-30 ukujula.
Ekugcineni, amathrekhi aneminyaka eyikhulu ubudala awela: iyona Isitimela iTrans-Caspiano Ilandela uSilika Road futhi yakhiwa ngumbuso waseRussia.
Ugwadule lwaseKyzyl Kum
Lelihlane lise-Asia Ephakathi futhi igama lalo lisho izindlela zaseTurkey isihlabathi esibomvu. Ilungile phakathi kwemifula emibili futhi namuhla ithatha amazwe amazwe amathathu: I-Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan neKazakhstan. Inamakhilomitha-skwele ayizinkulungwane ezingama-298.
Iningi laleli hlane unesihlabathi esimhlophe futhi zikhona amanye ama-oases. Ohlangothini lwemifula emibili ewucindezelayo futhi kula ma-oase kunemizi ethile yabalimi.
Ugwadule lwaseTakla Makan
Leli hlane lingaphakathi kweChina, esifundeni esizimele saseXinjiang Uyghur, isifunda esinamaSulumane amaningi. Izungezwe izintaba ezisenyakatho nasentshonalanga kanti futhi noGwadule iGoni uqobo luyizungezile ngasempumalanga. Ihlala endaweni engamakhilomitha-skwele ayizinkulungwane ezingama-337 futhi ngaphezu kwama-80% wezindunduma zawo zihamba ukushintsha njalo ukubukeka komhlaba.
I-China yakhe umgwaqo omkhulu ukuxhumanisa iLuntai neHotan, amadolobha amabili. Njengogwadule lwaseGobi, amaHimalaya agcina amafu emvula ngaphandle, ngakho-ke iyihlane elomile, kanti ebusika amazinga okushisa angaba ngaphansi kuka-20 ºC. Mancane kakhulu amanzi ngakho ama-oases ayigugu.
Ugwadule lwaseThar
I-Al Thar yaziwa njenge Ugwadule Olukhulu LwamaNdiya futhi yindawo eyomile esebenza njenge umngcele wemvelo phakathi kweNdiya nePakistan. Liyihlane elisogwadule futhi uma sikhuluma ngamaphesenti, ngaphezu kuka-80% walo usendaweni yaseNdiya lapho lihlanganisa amakhilomitha-skwele ayizinkulungwane ezingama-320.
IThar inengxenye eyomile, entshonalanga, nengxenye eyi-semi-desert, empumalanga, enezindunduma nemvula ethe xaxa. Iningi laleli hlane laseNdiya izindunduma ezishintshayo Zihamba kakhulu ngaphambi kwenkathi yamamonson ngenxa yomoya omkhulu.
Leli hlane linomfula owodwa kuphela, iLuni, futhi imvula encane ewayo ikwenza phakathi kukaJulayi noSepthemba. Kukhona ezinye amachibi amanzi anosawoti ezigcwalisa imvula futhi zinyamalale ngenkathi eyomile. Zombili iPakistan neNdiya zikhethe izindawo ezithile njenge "Izindawo ezivikelekile noma izindawo ezingcwele zemvelo". Izimpondo, izinsephe, izilwane ezihuquzelayo, izimbongolo zasendle, izimpungushe ezibomvu nezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezinyoni zihlala kulo.
IThar inesici esikhethekile sokuthi iyihlane elihlalwa kakhulu emhlabeni. AmaHindu, amaSulumane, amaSikh, amaSindhis kanye namaKolhis bukhoma, amanye aseNdiya, amanye ePakistan, ngesilinganiso sabantu abangama-83 ngekhilomitha-skwele abazinikele emfuyweni nakwezolimo futhi banempilo ecebile yamasiko ehlanganisa imikhosi yabantu.