I-India: Izinkolelo Nezithixo

India Yizwe lesibili emhlabeni ngokwesibalo sabantu, lifinyelela kwisibalo se- Abantu abangu-1,320.900.000 ukubalwa kwabantu. ngemuva kweChina. I-India, okuyisiko lesiko lezinkulungwane zeminyaka, lezilimi ezindala kakhulu ezaziwayo kanye nezinkolo ezahlukahlukene kakhulu nezindlela zokucabanga, ibilikhaya kubantu nezinhlanga ezahlukahlukene amakhulu eminyaka futhi ifunde ukuhlala ndawonye inika isiko elihle .

Kule ndatshana esiyethula namhlanje sikulethela ezabo "Izinkolelo Nonkulunkulu" futhi kokunye esizokushicilela kusasa sizokwethula nakwamanye amasiko nemikhosi ethandwa kakhulu. Kule mpelasonto sigqoka 'sari', sizenza amakha ngo-turmeric nange-sandalwood bese sizigcwalisa ngemibala exotic. Sethula kuwe iNdiya, izwe lonkulunkulu.

Izinkolo eNdiya

I-India iyisizinda sezinkolo ezimbili ezisabalele e-Asia: ubuHindu nobuBuddha. Kepha kukhona nabanye abaningi, ngesibalo esincane sabantu, abadala njengalezi ezimbili ezibalulekile futhi ezibaluleke kakhulu emlandweni, njengeSikhism neJainism. Kukhona namaKrestu, amaJuda, amaSulumane, iParsis, njll.

Ngaphandle kwalokhu kwehluka okukhulu kwezenkolo, kunesici esihlanganisayo esibahlanganisa bonke: badlala indima ebaluleke kangaka ezimpilweni zabantu kangangoba cishe akunakwenzeka ukuhlukanisa izinto ezingcolile ezingcwele. Ngakho-ke ungakusho lokho inkolo ikhona empilweni yansuku zonke yabantu baseNdiya.

UbuHindu

Igama elithi ubuHindu alizange lisungulwe kuze kube ngekhulu le-1.500 kodwa linomsuka walo emuva ngonyaka we-XNUMX BC futhi libhekisa ezinkolelweni ezisuselwa ku Umthetho Ongunaphakade o 'sanatanadharma'. Umthetho Ongunaphakade ususelwe ku- "Ama-Veda" okuyizincwadi ezine lapho kuboniswa khona ukuhlakanipha kwakhe.

Izici ezifanele kakhulu zobuHindu yilezi:

• Okokuqala, amagatsha ahlukene obuHindu akubheka lokho iqiniso ukubukeka okukhohlisayo (AmaMaya).
• Okwesibili, kukholelwa kulo ukuphindukuzalwa noma ukuguquka kwemiphefumulo y umthetho we-karma.
• Okwesithathu, ubuHindu buphokophele ukukhululwa nokuzibandakanya komuntu ukuze kufinyelelwe ekuhlonzeni nomuntu wendawo yonke (i-Brahma).

Izisekelo zobuHindu

• La inkomo Kubhekwa njengomama womhlaba, uphawu lokuthela kwenhlabathi; kungcwele kubuHindu.
• Isenzo se funza inkomo ibonwa njengohlobo lwe i-veneración.
• I-Los isilwane, ngokuvamile, kuyabhekwa engcwele ngoba unkulunkulu wabo uBrahma uhlala kubo.
• 'Cha Mukti': kungukukhululwa komuntu emjikelezweni wokuphindukuzalwa.
• 'Karma-Sansara ': kungukuqala kokuphindukuzalwa kwemiphefumulo.

UbuBuddha

Le nkolo yazalelwa eNdiya phakathi kwekhulu lesi-XNUMX nelesi-XNUMX BC njengengeze kubuHindu. Le mfundiso igcizelela kakhulu ukuhlupheka kwempilo futhi iyindlela yokuzikhulula kukho. IBuddhism yasungulwa ngu USiddhartha Gautama, inkosana eyashiya impilo yayo enkantolo yangena ezweni lokuzindla (yazindla ngobuhlungu obusezweni yaze yafinyelela olwazini lweqiniso eliphelele, ngaleyo ndlela yaba ukukhanyiselwa, uBuddha).

Imfundiso yakhe isuselwa emcabangweni wokuthi bonke ubukhona bukhiqiza ubuhlungu; Ukuqeda lokhu kuhlupheka, uBuddha uhlongoza ukuqeda imbangela ekuvezayo: ukungazi okubangela isifiso sokuphila nokuba nezinto ezithile ezibonakalayo. Ukukhululwa kutholakala ngokuzindla nokuqonda lezi zimiso ezilula. Ukuqedwa kwalesi sifiso kubandakanya isimo sokuzinza, sokuthula okujulile, okubizwa ngeNirvana.

Vakashela ethempelini laseMeenakshi

El Ithempeli laseMeenakshi Itholakala kufayela le- idolobha le-madurai, indala kunazo zonke eTamil Nadu ngokomlando nangenganekwane, ngeminyaka engaphezu kwe-2.600. Ngokwenganekwane, amaconsi amanzi angcwele awela kuGod Siva endaweni lapho kutholakala khona idolobha yingakho igama elithi Madurai, okusho ukuthi "idolobha lompe", lisuselwa kulo.

Leli thempeli ozinikezele kuMeenakshi, inkosikazi enhle kaNkulunkulu uSiva. Ithempeli eliyibharoque lokwakhiwa kwe-Dravidian kusukela ngekhulu le-12-45. Ithempeli linemibhoshongo eyi-50 ephakathi kwamasentimitha angama-4 kuye kwangama-XNUMX ukuphakama, ngaleyo ndlela yakha iminyango emi-XNUMX yethempeli. Zihlotshiswe ngemifanekiso enemibala eminingi yonkulunkulu, izilwane nezinganekwane. Imibhoshongo yayo ivela ezikhathini ezahlukahlukene, lowo osempumalanga kube endala kakhulu (ngekhulu le-XNUMX) kanti owaseningizimu usukela ngekhulu le-XNUMX.

Thola izinkulungwane zabazinikele abavela kulo lonke izwe, njengenye yezakhiwo ezingcwele kakhulu eNdiya. Kubuye kwaba yisikhungo samasiko, umculo, ubuciko, izincwadi kanye nomdanso amakhulu eminyaka. Ngaphakathi kwendawo ebiyiwe kukhona igumbi lamakholomu ayinkulungwane, ahluke ngokuphelele komunye nomunye futhi aqoshwe ngendlela enhle nenemininingwane.

Vakashela ithempeli legolide

Leli thempeli likhona edolobheni elingcwele i-Amritsar. Yasungulwa nguRam Das, omunye wamagugu enkolo yeSikk, ku- Ngekhulu le-XNUMX.

Kuyisakhiwo esihle imabula ebaziwe kahle, okunamathelwe kuwo amaqabunga egolide legolide. Okunye okuthandekayo kwalesi sakhiwo ukuthi sizungezwe yisiziba okuthiwa amanzi aso anezinto zokwelapha. Eceleni kwethempeli kune UGugu Ka Langar, lapho kunikezwa khona ukudla kwamahhala nsuku zonke.