Izintaba-mlilo eNyakatho Melika

Izintaba-mlilo ziwubufakazi bokuthi iplanethi yethu iyaphila okwamanje. Intuthu, umagma, udaka, amagesi, nomlotha wentaba-mlilo kuvela kulezi zimbobo ezisemgqeni woMhlaba, konke kuvela enhliziyweni yoMhlaba. Kunezintaba-mlilo ezingasekho, kunezintaba-mlilo ezingasebenzi, futhi kunezintaba-mlilo ezisebenzayo. Abantu sebejwayele izintaba-mlilo kodwa bayazi ukuthi bangadala kanjani ukubhujiswa okuningi.

Uma ucabanga ukuthi ziyingozi kangakanani, awuqondi ukuthi bangaba kanjani abantu abahlala eduze kwentaba-mlilo, kodwa kunjalo. Kunamadolobha aphelele akhiwe phansi kwezintaba-mlilo ezisasebenza. Uma zibangele izinhlekelele emadolobheni ezinabantu abangamakhulu kuphela, zingabangelwa yini edolobheni lanamuhla? ENyakatho Melika kunezintaba-mlilo eziningi: eCanada kunezingu-21 kanti e-United States kunezingu-169, ezingama-55 zazo zibhekwe kakhulu, kanti eMexico kunezingu-42.

Iqiniso yilokho kunezintaba-mlilo eziningi eNyakatho Melika futhi amaningi ayasebenza yize engakaqhumi okungenani ikhulu nesigamu. Yingakho ungezwa okuningi ngezintaba-mlilo zaseNyakatho Melika. Cabanga ukuthi ngekhulu lama-1915 kwaqubuka ezimbili kuphela: uLassen ngo-1980 no-St. Helens ngo-XNUMX. Kuyafaneleka ukusho ukuthi izintaba-mlilo eziningi ezikulengxenye yeMelika zisogwini olusentshonalanga, ogwadule lwasePacific lapho iya ngaphansi kwepuleti lase-Continental tectonic.

Izintaba-mlilo e-United States

Ezintabeni-mlilo eziyi-169 ezikhona i-United States, zingama-55 ezibonwayo kanti eziyi-18 zithathwa "njengesixwayiso" mhlawumbe ngoba zingaqhuma, zidale ukuzamazama komhlaba noma zithinte izimpilo zabantu abaningi ababazungezile. I-Alaska inezintaba-mlilo eziningi futhi, futhi eziningi zazo ziseziQhingini zase-Aleutian. Enye yazo, iMount Akutan, yakhipha udaka nomlotha izinyanga ezintathu ngo-1992. Ngokushesha okukhulu, ngo-2005, kwaba nokuzamazama komhlaba e-volcano ka-Augustine nokuqhuma kwamakhilomitha ayisishiyagalolunye ukuphakama. Enye yezintaba-mlilo eziqubukayo zase-Alaska iMakushin, eziqhingini ezifanayo: yaqhuma izikhathi ezingama-34 eminyakeni engama-250, eyokugcina ngo-1995.

Iqhubeka ne-Alaska yiMount Redoubt, ebisebenza ngo-2009 futhi iphoqe isikhumulo sezindiza i-Anchorage ukuthi sivalwe amahora angama-20. Intaba-mlilo enkulu kunazo zonke eziqhingini zase-Aleutian yiMount Spurr, ebimboza i-Anchorage ngomlotha ngo-1992 yize okwamanje ithule. Intaba-mlilo iLassen Peak yaqhuma ngentshiseko enkulu ngo-1915 futhi umlotha wagezwa waze wafika eNevada. Kude ne-Alaska, kunezintaba-mlilo eziningi eCalifornia: iLong Valley Caldera ibilokhu idlala kusukela ngama-90s ngakho-ke nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ungalala noma uvuke. Enye intaba-mlilo yaseCalifornia yiNtaba iShasta, kepha selokhu kwaphela ikhulu le-XNUMX ibiziphethe kahle.

E-Oregon kunezinye izintaba-mlilo ezingalele kangako kanti ezinye zazo zenze uchungechunge olubizwa ngokuthi yiDeveli's Chain. Esifundazweni saseWashington kukhona nezintaba-mlilo: kukhona iMount Baker, egadiwe kakhulu selokhu yabonwa imagna ngo-1975. Enye intaba-mlilo eseduzane iGlacier Peak, iMount Rainier kanye nentaba-mlilo edume kakhulu futhi enye yezintaba-mlilo ezidume kakhulu emhlabeni, iSanta Helena. Le ntabamlilo yaqhuma ngo-1980 yabulala abantu abangu-57.

Ekugcineni, akunakwenzeka ukukhuluma ngezintaba-mlilo zaseNyakatho Melika nezintaba-mlilo zaseMelika ikakhulukazi ngaphandle kokuqamba igama elithi Izintaba-mlilo zaseHawaii. Intaba-mlilo yaseKilauea sekuphele iminyaka engamashumi amathathu iqhuma njalo futhi iyingozi ngokugcwele. IMauna Loa yizwi elikhulu kakhulu elisebenzayo emhlabeni, laqhuma ngo-1984 futhi manje libhekene nomsebenzi oyingozi.

Izintaba-mlilo eCanada

ICanada inezintaba-mlilo ezindaweni eziningi zayo: e-Alberta, eBritish Columbia, eLabrador Peninsula, eNorthwest Territories, e-Ontario, eNunavut, eQuebec, eYukon naseSaskaychewan. Babalwa cishe ngama-21 futhi phakathi kwabo singabala iFort Selkirk, i-Atlin, iTuya, i-Heart Peaks, i-Edziza, iHoodoo Mountain neNazko, isibonelo.

IFort Selkirk iyinsimu entsha kakhulu yentaba-mlilo enkabeni yeYukon. Kuyisigodi esikhulu esakhiwa empambanweni yeziphambeko ezimbili. Ukuqhuma okuqhubekayo kuye kwakha izigaxa ezinhlanu. I-Atlin ingenye intaba-mlilo encane kodwa iseBritish Columbia. Namuhla isigaxa esiphakeme kakhulu singamamitha ayi-1800 ukuphakama. UTuya usezintabeni zaseCassiar, enyakatho yendawo efanayo, futhi usukela ku-Ice Age. I-Heart Peaks intaba-mlilo yesithathu ngobukhulu kulesi sifundazwe saseCanada edume kakhulu ngezintaba-mlilo zayo, futhi yize ingakaze iqhume kusukela eminyakeni yokugcina yeqhwa, iyamangalisa.

I-Edziza iyi-stratovolcano enkulu ebisakhiwa iminyaka eyizigidi. Inenkambu yeqhwa ebangeni elingamakhilomitha ama-2 ububanzi futhi imikhondo yokunyakaza kwayo inendawo. IHoodoo Mountain isenyakatho yoMfula i-Iskut, esifundazweni esifanayo. Yakhiwa nge-Ice Age futhi inokhephu weqhwa phakathi kwamakhilomitha amathathu kuya kwamane ubukhulu, ngenhla, endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha ayi-1750. Ngakho-ke, yakha izinguzunga zeqhwa ezimbili. Futhi ekugcineni, iNazko: yintaba-mlilo encane, enesigaxa sama-fumaroles amathathu, futhi naseBritish Columbia, maphakathi nesifundazwe futhi cishe amakhilomitha angama-75 ukusuka eQuesnel. Ngokusho kososayensi, akukaze kuqhume iminyaka engu-5220.

Lezi akuzona kuphela izintaba-mlilo eCanada, kepha kufanelekile isampula ukwazi ukuthi kuneziningi nokuthi izintaba-mlilo eziningi zaseCanada ziseBritish Columbia.

Izintaba-mlilo eMexico

Izintaba-mlilo eMexico zigxile eBaja California, enyakatho-ntshonalanga yezwe, eziqhingini, entshonalanga, enkabeni naseningizimu. Bangu izintaba-mlilo ezingama-42 eseMexico futhi cishe zonke zitholakala endaweni ebizwa ngokuthi yiPacific Ring of Fire. Izintaba-mlilo ezisebenza kakhulu yiColima, i-El Chichón nePopicatepetl. Lapho i-El Chichón, eChiapas, iqhuma ngo-1982, ngokwesibonelo, yapholisa isimo sezulu emhlabeni ngonyaka olandelayo futhi ithathwa njengenhlekelele yentaba-mlilo ebaluleke kakhulu emlandweni wanamuhla waseMexico.

Intaba-mlilo IColima noma iVolcán de Fuego iyingxenye yenkimbinkimbi yentaba-mlilo eyakhiwa yileyo ntaba-mlilo, iNevado de Colima nenye eqhume kakhulu ebizwa nge-El Cántaro, engasekho. Omncane kulaba abathathu uthathwa njengentaba-mlilo esebenza kakhulu eMexico nakuyo yonke iNyakatho Melika, ngoba iqhume izikhathi ezingamashumi amane kusukela ngasekupheleni kwekhulu leshumi nesikhombisa. Yingakho indawo ibhekwa amahora angama-24 ngosuku.

Njengoba sibona, INyakatho Melika inezintaba-mlilo eziningi Futhi yize kungezona izindaba nsuku zonke ngokuthile ososayensi bakulawa mazwe amathathu baningi ababhekiwe. Ukuqhuma kwentaba-mlilo kuyamangalisa, kuyiplanethi ephilayo ngakho konke ukukhuluma kwayo, kodwa namuhla, nabantu abaningi kangaka abahlala emhlabeni, ukuqhuma okukhulu kakhulu kungadala izinkinga eziningi nomonakalo.