Kungani ibizwa ngeTorre del Oro?

umbhoshongo weGolide

Wake wazibuza kungani ibizwa ngeTorre del Oro isikhumbuzo esidumile se Sevilla? Kuyabonakala ukuthi le mineral ayikho emhlobiseni wayo, ayinazo ngisho izakhi zegolide ezilingisayo. Futhi nokho, selivele lithole leli gama ngezikhathi zalo zamaSulumane: Gcoba i-Al-Dahab.

Ngoba i-Torre del Oro ihambisane nomlando wedolobha lase-Andalusi iminyaka engaphezu kwamakhulu ayisishiyagalombili namashumi amahlanu. Ireferensi yokuqala esinayo ngaye itholakala encwadini I-Chronic General yokuqala (1270-74) kwangu Alfonso X the Wise, lapho isivele ivela khona nalelo gama. Kuzo zonke lezi zizathu, sizochaza konke odinga ukukwazi mayelana nalesi simangaliso sezakhiwo, kuhlanganise kungani ibizwa ngeTorre del Oro.

Umlando omfushane woMbhoshongo Wegolide

Umbhoshongo wegolide

Umbhoshongo Wegolide eSeville

Umbhoshongo odume kakhulu edolobheni laseSeville eduze kwe i-giralda Yakhiwa phakathi kweminyaka ye-1220 ne-1221 yenkathi yethu. Umsebenzi wayo wawuvikela, ngaphakathi kwesethi yezindonga ezindala. Ngokukhethekile, ivale iphaseji eya osebeni lwesihlabathi futhi yavikela ichweba ledolobha. Ngokufanayo, yayixhunywe ngezigaba zodonga ku- Imibhoshongo yesiliva ne-Abd el Aziz, kanye noku I-Alcazar.

Nokho, kamuva i-Torre del Oro yenze imisebenzi ehluke kakhulu. Ngokusho kombhali wenkathi ephakathi Kodwa Lopez de Ayala, kwakuyisitolo segolide, njengoba sizobona kamuva, kodwa futhi ijele lezibalo ezihloniphekile futhi ngisho nanamuhla, umnyuziyamu, njengoba sizophinde siphawule. Ngokufanayo, iye yabuyiselwa izikhathi eziningana.

Mhlawumbe okwakubaluleke kakhulu kwakuwumsebenzi wokuhlanganisa ngemva kwe ukuzamazama komhlaba eLisbon ka 1755. Ngokuqondile, wasebenzisa leli thuba ukuze engeza umzimba we-cylindrical wengxenye engenhla. Kwakuwumsebenzi waseBelgium Sebastian van der Borcht, esimkweleta futhi ukwakhiwa kwe I-Royal Tobacco Factory yaseSeville.

Kakade ngekhulu lama-1942, i-Torre del Oro yathola ukubuyiselwa okubili. Eyokuqala ngo-1990 ukuyivumelanisa nemnyuziyamu kanye neyesibili ngo-XNUMX I-Universal Exhibition yango-1992 ebibanjelwe Sevilla. Ngokuqondile kulo nyaka odlule, yahlanganiswa nomunye ukwakhiwa okumangalisayo: uMbhoshongo waseBetlehema eLisbon.

Amaqiniso abalulekile mayelana neTorre del Oro

Riverside of the Guadalquivir

I-Torre del Oro osebeni lwaseGuadalquivir

Kuyinto a umlindo etholakala ebhange kwesokunxele Umfula iGuadalquivir. e Al Andalus, yathola leli gama uhlobo lombhoshongo owawukhululiwe ezindongeni, nakuba lezi zihlanganiswe nebhuloho okwakuthi uma liwela ezandleni zesitha, libhujiswe kalula. Ngoba umsebenzi wawo wawuvikela kanye nokuhlobisa, ukuhlukumeza abahlaseli ukusuka endaweni eya phambili.

Zazivame kakhulu eSpain yamaSulumane. Njengezibonelo zazo, sizocaphuna lena ene-Scaredogs en Badajoz, labo abazungezile I-Citadel of Merida, Labo Inqaba yasePiedrabuena noma lezo ze I-Talavera de la Reina.

Indawo yombhoshongo imaphakathi, phakathi indawo ye-Arenal, baphi futhi izindawo zemikhumbi kanye nenkunzi. Ngokunjalo, iphambi kosaziwayo Indawo yaseTriana, ongaphesheya komfula. Futhi kakade ngo-1931 kwamenyezelwa Isikhumbuzo Somlando Wobuciko.

Njengoba sikutshelile, yakhiwa ngo-1221 futhi, ekuqaleni, yayinomzimba owodwa, nakuba okwamanje inezintathu. Okubaluleke kakhulu futhi endala ipholigoni enezinhlangothi eziyishumi nambili enobubanzi obungamamitha ayi-12,50. Ngokwengxenye yayo, umzimba wesibili wakhiwa ngomyalelo we UPetru Ononya ngekhulu leshumi nane, kanti eyesithathu yiyona esikhulume ngayo kusukela kweleshumi nesishiyagalombili.

Njengamanje, i-Tower of Gold Ingamamitha angu-36 ukuphakama futhi inezitezi ezintathu.. Lezi zixhumana ngezitebhisi ezine-polygonal. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, emashumini eminyaka amuva nje, umsebenzi we- Armada, njengoba sinomuzi, njengoba bese sinitshelile kakade, umnyuziyamu wemikhumbi yempi.

I-Naval Museum yaseSeville

I-Naval Museum yaseSeville

I-Naval Museum yaseSeville, eTorre del Oro

Yavulwa ngoJulayi 24, 1944 futhi inezitezi ezimbili, eyokuqala engamamitha-skwele angama-85 neyesibili ingu-127. izinto ezihlukahlukene kakhulu ezihlobene nezwe le-nautical. Isibonelo, izinsalela zamathambo zasolwandle, izinsiza zokuzulazula, imidwebo nemidwebo enetimu yasolwandle, imibhalo yomlando kanye nesithombe sesithombe.

Kodwa, phakathi kwezingcezu zayo ezivelele kakhulu, sizobalula inganono yekhulu le-XNUMX, amathayili we I-La Cartuja Factory kanye namamephu we-nautical wekhulu le-XNUMX. Ngokuphathelene nalezi, kuyagqama ukukhiqizwa kwebalazwe lokuqala lomhlaba lesayensi umsebenzi we Diego Rivera kweleshumi nesithupha. Kodwa ungabona futhi amafulegi okuzulazula, amamodeli emikhumbi ngisho namahange emnyuziyamu.

Ekufakweni, ukubaluleka kwe-Seville ye- I-Guadalquivir njengomfula okwazi ukuhamba ngezinyawo. Futhi, ngokufanayo, inani elikhulu ledolobha laseSeville le ukuhwebelana nama-indies. Ngamafuphi, i-museum encane esikweluleka ukuthi uyivakashele ngoba iyathakazelisa kakhulu futhi iyafundisa.

Kungani ubizwa ngokuthi uMbhoshongo Wegolide?

Ukubuka okuvela e-Torre del Oro

Ukubuka okumangalisayo okunikezwa yiTorre del Oro

Uma sesikuchazile konke lokhu okungenhla, sekuyisikhathi sokugxila kulokhu Imibono ehlukene mayelana negama lombhoshongo odumile waseSeville. Kodwa sesivele silindele ukuthi impikiswano mayelana neqiniso indala kakhulu. Eqinisweni, izingxoxo zaqala kusukela ekhulwini le-XNUMX futhi izazi azikavumelani.

Ithiyori yokuqala okukhona kuyo ubufakazi ihlobanisa igama neqiniso lokuthi kuyo igolide elivela eMelika lagcinwa. Nokho, lokhu kuyiphutha. Ingcebo eyafika ivela eZweni Elisha, okuyimpahla yoBukhosi, yagcinwa kuqala endaweni Indlu Yokuqasha (yamanje i-Archivo de Indias) bese ingena lolo lwemali. Nokho, ngokusho kukaProfessor Theodore Falcon, zehliswa eduze kweTorre del Oro futhi yilapho ukudideka okungavela khona.

Enye ithisisi esabalele kakhulu futhi endala kakhulu esiyikweleta umlobeli wezindaba Louis wasePeraza. Ngokusho kwalokhu, indikimba yesibili yokwakhiwa yayinama-tiles ensimbi ayekhanya lapho ilanga libashaya. Isazi-mlando siphinde sibhekisele kubo Diego Ortiz de Zuniga, ophinde aveze ukuthi ngabe ahlehliswa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Nokho, akekho noyedwa noma omunye okhuluma ngalezi zinto ezibonisa ukuthi zifana negolide. Lokhu kwahunyushwa izazi Leopoldo Torres y Jose Gestoso ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-XNUMX futhi babephethe ukusabalalisa emcabangweni odumile i-golden glitter theory. Ngaphezu kwalokho, awukho umbhalo noma ubufakazi bemivubukulo obukhuluma ngalawa mathayili embhoshongweni odumile, ngakho-ke inkolelo-mbono ayinasisekelo.

Umbhoshongo wegolide ebusuku

Isithombe esimangalisayo se-Torre del Oro esikhanyisiwe

Okuhlobene nale thesis yileyo eveza igama ekwakhiweni kwesakhiwo sesithathu sombhoshongo. Lokhu kugcina ngo-a idome elincane legolide engacwebezela elangeni. Kodwa lo mbono awukwazi ukuba ulungile. Njengoba sesike sakutshela, igama le-Torre del Oro selivele livela kumadokhumenti kusukela ngesikhathi sika- Alfonso X the Wise, kuyilapho ukwakhiwa kwalo mzimba wesithathu kwenziwa ngekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalombili.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lokho okubhekwa njengokuyikho thesis enengqondo eyengeziwe mayelana negama le-Torre del Oro. Uthi wabhapathizwa kanjalo impahla eyakhiwa ngayo. Lena kwakuyinhlanganisela yodaka lomcako kanye notshani obugayiwe okwathi, lapho kuhlangene nelanga, kwanikeza umbhoshongo ukukhanya okumangalisayo okwenza umbhoshongo ukhanye ngendlela emangalisayo. wakwenza kwabukeka njengegolide. Kusabonakala nanamuhla, kodwa emakhulwini eminyaka adlule kwakusobala kakhulu. Njengamanje, umbhoshongo ubonisa umhlaba onqanyuliwe kanye netshe. Nokho, yayakhiwe echwebeni lamaSulumane elase liqala ukugqama emazweni ama-Arab. Ngakho-ke, kwakudingeka iveze ukubukeka okuhle kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwakudingeka ukuthi ibe ne-plaster eqinile ezomelana nokulimala okuvela kumswakama.

Ngenxa yalezi zizathu, umbhoshongo wawunjalo embozwe nge-stucco ephuzi eyafeza yomibili imisebenzi. Ngenxa yesenzo selanga kuso, i ukucwazimula kwegolide eyakhuthaza ukulibhapathiza njengoTorre del Oro Lena inkolelo-mbono eyamukelwa kakhulu izazi zetshe lesikhumbuzo futhi ibonakala ingokoqobo kakhulu.

Kunoma yikuphi, sikweluleka ukuthi, uma uya eSeville, ungakhohlwa ukuyivakashela. Ngeke nje ukwazi ukukwazisa kusuka ngaphandle futhi ubone ukubonakaliswa kwayo, kodwa futhi ungene Umnyuziyamu waseNaval ukukuncoma. futhi ungakwazi ngisho khuphuka uye endaweni yakho yokubuka lokho kukunikeza ukubukwa okumangalisayo kwedolobha, ikakhulukazi le Indawo yaseTriana kanye nesiteshi se I-Guadalquivir.

Seville, kakhulu kuneTorre del Oro

ICathhedral yaseSevilla

I-Seville Cathedral ene-Giralda edumile

Kodwa uhambo lwakho lokuya Sevilla Kuyoba akuphelele uma nje uzikhawulele ekuboneni lo mbhoshongo. Idolobha elikhulu lase-Andalusian linokuningi ongakunikeza lona. Ngakho-ke, i-athikili yethu ayikwazi ukugxila kuphela ekutheni kungani ibizwa ngokuthi i-Torre del Oro. Kumelwe futhi yenza ezinye izincomo, nakuba lena kungeyona indawo yokudlula kuzo ngokucophelela.

Ngakho, ukuvakasha okubalulekile kuyisimangaliso I-Seville Gothic Cathedral. Ngobukhulu bayo obukhulu (iwukwakhiwa kwezenkolo kwesithathu ngobukhulu emhlabeni), igcina amagugu afana ne Indlu yasebukhosini noma i I-Altarpiece Eyinhloko. Kodwa uphawu lwakhe olukhulu iGiralda, i-minaret ye-mosque endala kusukela ngekhulu le-XNUMX.

Eduze kakhulu unayo I-Alcazar yangempela, isigodlo esihloselwe amakhosi lapho, ngokunembile, i IHholo Lamakhosi, the Ihholo likaCharles V futhi i Igceke Lezintombi. Isikhumbuzo ngokulinganayo yi- Ingobo yomlando yama-Indies, ukwakhiwa kwekhulu le-XNUMX lobuciko obungatshazwa obungatshazwa obugcina imibhalo yenani elingenakulinganiswa. Okokugcina, sifuna ukuncoma ukuthi uvakashele okuhlaba umxhwele Plaza de España, eyakhelwe i I-Ibero-American Exposition ka-1929. Yisakhiwo esikhulu isitayela sesifunda lokho kuhlonipha wonke amazwe ezwe lethu.

Sengiphetha, sesichazile kungani ibizwa ngeTorre del Oro ukwakhiwa okudumile kweSeville. Kodwa futhi sikubonise idatha ebalulekile mayelana nayo. Futhi besifuna ukusho okungenani ezimbalwa izikhumbuzo eziningi ukuthi idolobha lase-Andalusian likunikeza. Qhubeka futhi uyivakashele futhi ujabulele bonke.


Yiba ngowokuqala ukuphawula

Shiya umbono wakho

Ikheli lakho le ngeke ishicilelwe. Ezidingekayo ibhalwe nge *

*

*