Sarajevo yiyona inhlokodolobha yaseBosnia neHerzegovina, idolobha elinokuluhlaza okotshani okuningi, okusesigodini esizungezwe izintaba. Kuyingxubevange yezinkolo, amaKatolika, amaJuda, amaOrthodox namaSulumane ahlangana ndawonye, ukuze ukuhlala ndawonye kuhunyushelwe esikweni labo.
Yini esingayenza eSarajevo? Sithole namuhla.
Sarajevo
Uma ungaphezu kweminyaka engama-40 ungakhumbula leyo minyaka engahlelekile ye- ngasekupheleni kwekhulu lama-XNUMX, lapho ubukhomanisi bunikeza ukufa kwabo kokugcina futhi ibalazwe lezwe laseYurophu laphinde lahlelwa kabusha. Cishe ngaleso sikhathi, kwaqubuka impi enegazi emazweni aseBalkan futhi I-Yugoslavia isuliwe, ngempi, eyathatha iminyaka emine futhi yabhubhisa idolobha.
Ngo-1995 impi yaphela nedolobha lahlukaniswa kabili: ngakolunye uhlangothi iSarajevo esibhekise kuyo (yonke indawo yangaphambi kwempi neNovi Grad kanye nezinye izindawo), iba inhlokodolobha ye-republic entsha, nakwenye inhlokodolobha esempumalanga yeSarajevo. weRiphabhulikhi yaseSrpska. Zombili ziseduze komunye nomunye.
Ngo-2003 iningi ledolobha lase lakhiwe kabusha, Kepha impi eyachitha igazi phakathi kwabantu okwase kungamashumi eminyaka "inanyathiselwe" ubukhomanisi yashiya iminonjana yayo. Namuhla, inhloko-dolobha, njengoba sishilo, maphakathi nesigodi, sizungezwe yi-Dinaric Alps. Kunezintaba eziyisihlanu ezinkulu ezizungezile kanti eziphakeme zingaphezu kwamamitha ayi-2 XNUMX ukuphakama. I-Igman, iJahorina, iTrebevic neBjelasnica baziwa njengama-Olimpiki aseSarajevo.
Kukhona nomfula owela edolobheni, uMiljacka noma umfula iSarajevo. Isimo sezulu kule ndawo siyizwekaziNjengoba liseduze noLwandle oluhle i-Adriatic, amazinga okushisa awekho kangako.
Ukuvakasha kweSarajevo
Njengoba sishilo, izinkolo eziningi sezikhona eSarajevo amakhulu eminyaka ngakho-ke kwehluke kakhulu ngokwesiko. Ngemuva kwempi, namuhla iningi lingamaBosnia, yebo. Ngemuva kwalokho, Yini okufanele uyazi eSarajevo?
Siqala ngokusuka enhliziyweni yedolobha elasungulwa ama-Ottoman ngekhulu le-XNUMX. Lokhu okwedlule kusabonakala ku bascarsija, indawo encane enemakethe yezitezi eyodwa onamadokodo abo avela kuleso sikhathi esikude. Imakethe ilandela umfula iMiljacka futhi ifinyelela emthonjeni wamapulangwe weSebilj, nesikwele sawo sigcwele amajuba.
Kuyinto ejwayelekile bazaar ngezinongo ezinamakha ezintanta emoyeni, inyama newundlu, izikhumbuzo kanye nezibiliboco ezahlukahlukene zaseTurkey. Le ndawo ibuye igxile kakhulu kumasayithi omlando wedolobha, njenge I-Gazi-Husrev Mosque nombhoshongo waso wewashi, noma i- izitolo zekhofi okuyizindawo ezinhle zokuzama ikhofi elincane laseBosnia: eliqinile, elijiyile, ngokusho kwabaseBosnia, liphindwe kashumi kunekhofi yakudala yaseTurkey.
Elinye iwindi lokudlula kweSarajevo yi izinqaba zasendulo egxile odongeni. Kwakunabahlanu imisebenzi yabo eyaqala ngo-1729 kodwa kuphela Inqaba yase-Amarillao Zuta Tabija, kanye ne Tabija. Kusuka lapha imibono mihle, ikakhulukazi kusihlwa lapho ilanga liwela ophahleni olubomvu kanye nama-minaret amadala noma ukwakhiwa kwe-Austro-Hungarian okujwayelekile ngasekupheleni kwekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye. Inqaba ine-cafe encane futhi kunamatafula epikinikini anengadi kabhiya enhle.
Uma uwuthanda umlando wekhulu lamashumi amabili ungaya kuwo ILatin Bridge, eMfuleni iMiljacka, ohlanganisa ikota elidala nesifunda saseSkenderija. Yibhuloho elidala kunawo wonke eSarajevo, Ngekhulu le-1914. Kulapha lapho ngo-18 indlalifa kaHabsburg, eyaphakanyiselwa esihlalweni sobukhosi, yabulawa khona ngumSerbia oneminyaka engu-XNUMX, enikela ukuqala kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqalal.
Kukhona okuncane Museum lokho kukhumbula umcimbi ogcine uqede imibuso emibili, owase-Ottoman nowase-Austro-Hungarian. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi umnyuziyamu ushintshile futhi namuhla ngaphezu kwanoma yini ugxile eminyakeni engama-40 lapho leli dolobha lalibuswa khona yi-Austro-Hungary Empire nokuthi izinto zaphela kanjani.
Akusilo ukuphela kwebhuloho, kunamabhuloho amaningi athakazelisayo: ibhuloho labahamba ngezinyawo phambi kwe-Academy of Fine Arts, el Kozija Cuprija Bridge, the ISuada ne-Olga Bridge, futhil Ars Aevi ...
Kuyiqiniso ukuthi iSarajevo inesikhathi esedlule esibuhlungu, esinezimpi eziningi nokubhujiswa, ngakho-ke elinye isayithi elihlobene nalokhu okwedlule yi Umhubhe wamamitha ayi-800 i-lago esetshenziswa ngabashushumbisi ukungena nokushiya idolobha ngezikhathi zempi yama-90s.
Namuhla kunefayela le- War Tunnel Museum, enendawo yayo egcinwe kahle. Omunye umbukiso ugxile kwi ukuqothulwa kohlanga okubi kakhulu eYurophu kusukela ekuQothulweni Kwesizwe, kwenzeka ngo-1995, inyanga ngaphambi kokuphela kwempi.
Ngakho-ke, amasosha aseSerbia abulala abesifazane abangamaSulumane baseBosnia abangu-8 1 edolobheni elilodwa, ikakhulukazi abesilisa kepha nabesifazane nezingane. Bonke bangcwatshwa ethuneni elikhulu elikhulu. Kukhona umbukiso wezithombe ezimnyama nezimhlophe ezihamba kakhulu. I-War Tunnel Museum ikuTuneli Street, XNUMX kanye nase Umbukiso weSrebrenica-Galerija ku-calle trg Fra Grge Martica, 2 / III.
Uma ungumJuda ungabona ukudlula kwaleli dolobha edolobheni ngezindawo ezinjenge I-Jewish Museum, i-Old Jud Cemeteryio, enye yezindawo ezinkulu kakhulu eYurophu, i- Igalari yeNovi Hram futhi i Isinagoge Lase-Ashkenazi. Kamuva, ngokufika kwababusi base-Austro-Hungary, kwakhiwa izakhiwo eziningi ezinezitezi eziningi ezisentshonalanga. Isibonelo yiVijecnica, indlunkulu kahulumeni, ngesitayela mbumbulu samaMoor.
Umhlangano ophakathi kwempumalanga nentshonalanga Kungabonakala ezingxenyeni ezahlukahlukene zedolobha, ngokwesibonelo endaweni lapho umgwaqo obukekayo osempumalanga yeSaraci Street uhlangana khona nomgwaqo osentshonalanga weFerhadija Street. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ungabazi ubudlelwano phakathi kwe- ISarajevo nama-Olimpiki. Idolobha labamba imidlalo yama-Olimpiki Wasebusika ngo-1984 kanti izindawo zalo eziningi zazakhiwe ikakhulukazi kulo mcimbi.
Kukhona Umnyuziyamu wama-Olimpiki nezinye izakhiwo (iZetra Olympic Complex, iHoliday Inn Hotel), kodwa ngeshwa ezinye zacekelwa phansi eSiege of Sarajevo eyaqala ngo-1992 kuya ku-1996. USarajevo Roses, amamaki ashiywe ngamabutho wezikhali futhi agcwele idolobha lonke, noma itshe lesikhumbuzo lezingane ezibulewe ngesikhathi sokuvinjezelwa okungaphakathi kweVeliki Park.
Ekugcineni, uma uthanda ukuhamba kwezivakashi ungangena ISarajevo Ukuhamba Ngokuhamba kwamahhala Tour okuthatha amahora amabili. Ngakho-ke khumbula, eSarajevo kunenkolo, umlando, impilo yasebusuku enamandla nokudla okumnandi kwamasiko amaningi okumnandi.